Síndrome De Transfusão Feto-fetal: Neurodesenvolvimento De Lactentes Tratados Com Cirurgia A Laser

To assess the neurodevelopmental functions of survivors of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) treated by fetoscopic laser coagulation (FLC), during the first year of life, comparing them to a control group; and to verify the influence of specific variables on neurodevelopment. Method: This was a prospective, longitudinal study. The sample comprised 33 monochorionic diamniotic twins who underwent FLC for treatment of TTTS and 22 full-term infants of single-fetus pregnancies. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Screening Test were used for evaluation. Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal information were obtained. Results: There was an increased frequency of infants in the TTTS group with inadequate performance compared to the control group. The identified variables (fetal donor, low economic income and cardiorespiratory disease) negatively impacted expressive communication and fine motor skills. Conclusion: Although through follow-up is recommended in all TTTS survivors, particular attention is required for the high-risk group as defined in this study. © 2016, Associacao Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. All rights reserved.74430731

Evidence of the face, content, and ecological validity of the Aquaticity Assessment Test-Brazil for adolescents

Assessment is an essential component of the teaching-learning process of aquatic skills in water sports. However, we found no tests that assessed and validated aquatic skills for the Brazilian adolescent population aged 12 to 14 years. This study aimed to develop and identify evidence of the face, content, and ecological validity of an aquaticity test for adolescents learning water sports. Since the survey was developed in three phases, the sample groups included five experts in water sports and 16 adolescents aged between 12 and 14 years for the face validation, and eight experts in water sports for the content and ecological validations. For the analysis of content validity, the Content Validity Coefficient was used. For ecological validity, the measure of central tendency of the median was applied, followed by the relative frequency of agreement for the competencies and aquatic modalities. Afterward, they were presented in the network model. Evidence of face validity was verified with the first group of experts and learners, with adaptations conducted based on the instructions of the Aquaticity Assessment Test-Brazil (AAT-Brazil) tasks. In the two phases of analysis, the AAT-Brazil demonstrated content validity for clarity of language (0.88 and 1.00), practical pertinence (0.86 and 0.92), and theoretical relevance (0.86 and 1.00). Regarding ecological validity, we found correspondence between the tasks and aquatic competencies, with the breathing present in most tasks of the AAT-Brazil. Task actions also corresponded with water modalities: swimming, water polo, artistic swimming, diving, and open water swimming. The AAT-Brazil presents satisfactory face, content, and ecological validity results, ensuring a valid and reliable aquaticity assessment. It has a protocol with clear and accessible instructions for adolescent assessment in the water sports learning phase. © JPES

Experimental life cycle of Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1909 Ciclo evolutivo experimental de Lagochilascaris minor, Leiper 1909

The life cycle of Lagochilascaris minor was studied using material collected from human lesion and applying the experimental model: rodents (mice, hamsters), and carnivorae (cats, dogs). In mice given infective eggs, orally, hatch of the third stage larvae was noted in the gut wall, with migration to liver, lungs, skeletal musculature and subcutaneous tissue becoming, soon after, encysted. In cats infected with skinned carcasses of mice (60 to 235 days of infection) it was observed: hatch of third stage larvae from the nodules (cysts) in the stomach, migration through the oesophagus, pharynx, trachea, related tissues (rhino-oropharynx), and cervical lymphonodes developing to the mature stage in any of these sites on days 9-20 post inoculation (P.I.). There was no parasite development up to the mature stage in cats inoculated orally with infective eggs, which indicates that the life cycle of this parasite includes an obligatory intermediate host. In one of the cats (fed carcass of infected mice) necropsied on day 43 P.I., it was observed the occurence of the self-infective cycle of L. minor in the lung tissues and in the cervical region which was characterized by the finding of eggs in different stages of development, third stage larvae and mature worms. It's believed that some component of the carnivorae gastrointestinal tracts may preclude the development of third stage larvae from L. minor eggs what explains the interruption of the life cycle in animals fed infective eggs. It's also pointed out the role of the intermediate host in the first stages of the life cycle of this helminth.<br>A partir de material colhido de lesões humanas estudou-se o ciclo evolutivo de Lagochilascaris minor empregando-se o modelo experimental: roedores (camundongos, hamster) e carnívoros (gatos, cão). Em camundongos inoculados com ovos infectantes, por via oral, observou-se eclosão de larvas de 3º estágio na parede do intestino, migração das mesmas para o fígado, pulmão, musculatura esquelética e tecido subcutâneo tornando-se em seguida encistadas. Em gatos alimentados com carcaças de camundongos infectados (60-235 dias de infecção) observou-se: eclosão de larvas de 3º estágio do interior dos nódulos (cistos) no estômago, migração através do esôfago, faringe, traquéia, e tecidos vizinhos (rino-orofaringe), linfonodos cervicais alcançando a fase adulta, em qualquer uma destas localizações, 9-20 dias pós inoculação. Não houve evolução do parasito até a fase adulta em gatos inoculados com ovos infectantes, por via oral, dado que reforça a necessidade do hospedeiro intermediário neste ciclo evolutivo. Em um dos gatos (alimentados com carcaças de camundongos infectados) necropsiado 43 dias pós inoculação, observou-se a ocorrência do ciclo auto-infectante de L. minor o que foi caracterizado pelo encontro de ovos em várias fases de evolução, larvas de 3º estágio e vermes adultos em tecidos do pulmão e região cervical. Acredita-se que algum componente do trato digestivo de carnívoros possa inviabilizar larvas de 3º estágio do interior de ovos L. minor, justificando a interrupção do ciclo evolutivo quando tais animais são inoculados com ovos infectantes. Ressalta-se o papel do hospedeiro intermediário nas primeiras fases do ciclo evolutivo deste helminto

Aporte de fitomassa pelas sucessões de culturas e sua influência em atributos físicos do solo no sistema plantio direto

A degradação física dos solos, como a compactação, reduz a movimentação de água e o crescimento de raízes. A estrutura do solo é considerada como uma de suas mais importantes propriedades do ponto de vista agrícola, pois a ela estão relacionadas outras propriedades fundamentais nas relações solo-planta. Com o objetivo de se avaliar o efeito de culturas de cobertura nos atributos físicos do solo realizou-se este trabalho em um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico, textura muito argilosa, nas safras de 2004/2005 e 2005/2006, na Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, em uma área há oito anos sob plantio direto. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completamente casualizados com três repetições. Foram avaliadas as culturas girassol (Helianthus annuus L.), crotalária (Crotalaria juncea L.), ervilhaca peluda (Vicia villosa Roth), consórcio de crotalária e aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) e consórcio de aveia preta, ervilhaca peluda e nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg), sucedendo a soja e como antecessoras do milho. As culturas de girassol, crotalária e o consórcio aveia preta mais crotalária proporcionaram maiores teores de carbono orgânico total; os valores de macroporosidade e porosidade total aumentaram na camada superficial enquanto os valores de densidade do solo e de microporosidade foram menores nessa camada. Os agregados foram mais estáveis na camada 0 - 5 cm. Os sistemas de culturas estudados foram eficientes na produção de palha, capazes preservar os atributos físicos do solo. Os consórcios entre aveia preta+ervilhaca peluda+nabo forrageiro e, da aveia preta+crotalária possibilitam maior cobertura e permanência da palha sobre o solo