Perdas de água e de sedimentos sob três tipos de cobertura vegetal na microbacia da fazenda santa marta, município de Igaratá/SP.

O presente trabalho avalia perdas de água e de solos (sedimentos) a partir de um Cambissolo Háplico dividido em dois subgrupos (classes do 4º nível categórico), segundo Embrapa (1999), existentes na microbacia da Fazenda Santa Marta, com valores de declividades relativamente próximos sob as coberturas de eucalipto, mata nativa e pastagem. Essas perdas são comparadas em função da cobertura e analisadas quanto à sustentabilidade dos sistemas implantados, sobretudo o da eucaliptocultura.bitstream/item/179459/1/4920.pd

Efeitos de substratos e das dimensões dos recipientes na qualidade das mudas de Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex D.C.) Standl. Effects of substrata and containers dimensions on the quality of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex D.C.) Standl. seedlings

A crescente demanda por mudas de espécies florestais nativas tem exigido pesquisas relacionadas com o uso de substratos e recipientes, capazes de proporcionar mudas que apresentem elevadas taxas de crescimento inicial e de sobrevivência após o plantio. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a produção de mudas de Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex D.C.) Standl (ipê-roxo), em condições acessíveis aos pequenos e médios produtores rurais. O ensaio foi instalado em área experimental localizada no Departamento de Fitotecnia (CCA/UFPB), em Areia, PB. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 14 blocos. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação dos substratos: S1 - terra de subsolo e S2 - terra de subsolo + composto orgânico e de sacos de polietileno preto nas seguintes dimensões: I - 20 x 36,5 cm; II -15 x 32 cm; III - 13 x 25,5 cm; e IV - 13,5 x 19 cm. Para todas as variáveis estudadas, o recipiente I e o substrato S2 sobressaíram em relação aos demais. Entretanto, considerando a diferença entre os resultados e a demanda de substrato e mão-de-obra exigida, no primeiro caso recomenda-se o recipiente II com o substrato S2, para a produção de mudas dessa espécie.<br>The growing demand for seedlings of native species has required research on the use of substrata and containers capable of producing seedlings with high initial growth and surviving rates after planting. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of substrata easily found in farms, and the size of containers used to produce seedlings of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex D.C.) Standl. (Ipê roxo). The experiment was conducted in an experimental field of the Department of Agronomy-CCA/UFPB, District of Areia. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, totalizing 14 blocks. The treatments consisted of combinations of the following substratas: S1-subsoil and S2-subsoil plus organic compost and polyethylene bags with the following dimensions: I - 20 x 36.5 cm; II - 15 x 32 cm; III - 13 x 25.5 cm; IV - 13.5 x 9 cm. For all the studied variables, the container I and substratum S2 gave the best results. However, considering the difference among the results and the demand for substratum and handling in the first case, it is recommended the use of container II and substratum S2 in the production of seedlings of this species

Urticaria exacerbations and adverse reactions in patients with chronic urticaria receiving COVID-19 vaccination : results of the UCARE COVAC-CU study

Background: Concern about disease exacerbations and fear of reactions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations are common in chronic urticaria (CU) patients and may lead to vaccine hesitancy. Objective: We assessed the frequency and risk factors of CU exacerbation and adverse reactions in CU patients after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: COVAC-CU is an international multicenter study of Urticaria Centers of Reference and Excellence (UCAREs) that retrospectively evaluated the effects of COVID-19 vaccination in CU patients aged ≥18 years and vaccinated with ≥1 dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. We evaluated CU exacerbations and severe allergic reactions as well as other adverse events associated with COVID-19 vaccinations and their association with various CU parameters. Results: Across 2769 COVID-19–vaccinated CU patients, most (90%) received at least 2 COVID-19 vaccine doses, and most patients received CU treatment and had well-controlled disease. The rate of COVID-19 vaccination–induced CU exacerbation was 9%. Of 223 patients with CU exacerbation after the first dose, 53.4% experienced recurrence of CU exacerbation after the second dose. CU exacerbation most often started <48 hours after vaccination (59.2%), lasted for a few weeks or less (70%), and was treated mainly with antihistamines (70.3%). Factors that increased the risk for COVID-19 vaccination–induced CU exacerbation included female sex, disease duration shorter than 24 months, having chronic spontaneous versus inducible urticaria, receipt of adenovirus viral vector vaccine, having nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug/aspirin intolerance, and having concerns about getting vaccinated; receiving omalizumab treatment and Latino/Hispanic ethnicity lowered the risk. First-dose vaccine–related adverse effects, most commonly local reactions, fever, fatigue, and muscle pain, were reported by 43.5% of CU patients. Seven patients reported severe allergic reactions. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination leads to disease exacerbation in only a small number of CU patients and is generally well tolerated

Interpretation of Post-operative Distal Humerus Radiographs After Internal Fixation: Prediction of Later Loss of Fixation

Purpose Stable fixation of distal humerus fracture fragments is necessary for adequate healing and maintenance of reduction. The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability and accuracy of interpretation of postoperative radiographs to predict which implants will loosen or break after operative treatment of bicolumnar distal humerus fractures. We also addressed agreement among surgeons regarding which fracture fixation will loosen or break and the influence of years in independent practice, location of practice, and so forth. Methods A total of 232 orthopedic residents and surgeons from around the world evaluated 24 anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of distal humerus fractures on a Web-based platform to predict which implants would loosen or break. Agreement among observers was measured using the multi-rater kappa measure. Results The sensitivity of prediction of failure of fixation of distal humerus fracture on radiographs was 63%, specificity was 53%, positive predictive value was 36%, the negative predictive value was 78%, and accuracy was 56%. There was fair interobserver agreement (κ = 0.27) regarding predictions of failure of fixation of distal humerus fracture on radiographs. Interobserver variability did not change when assessed for the various subgroups. Conclusions When experienced and skilled surgeons perform fixation of type C distal humerus fracture, the immediate postoperative radiograph is not predictive of fixation failure. Reoperation based on the probability of failure might not be advisable. Type of study/level of evidence Diagnostic III

Do surgeons treat their patients like they would treat themselves?

Background There is substantial unexplained geographical and surgeon-to-surgeon variation in rates of surgery.Onewould expect surgeons to treat patients and themselves similarly based on best evidence and accounting for patient preferences. Questions/purposes (1) Are surgeons more likely to recommend surgery when choosing for a patient than for themselves? (2) Are surgeons less confident in deciding for patients than for themselves? Methods Two hundred fifty-four (32%) of 790 Science of Variation Group (SOVG) members reviewed 21 fictional upper extremity cases (eg, distal radius fracture, De Quervain tendinopathy) for which surgery is optional answering two questions: (1) What treatment would you choose/recommend: operative or nonoperative? (2) On a scale from 0 to 10, how confident are you about this decision? Confidence is the degree that one believes that his or her decision is the right one (ie, most appropriate). Participants were orthopaedic, trauma, and plastic surgeons, all with an interest in treating upper extremity conditions. Half of the participants were randomized to choose for themselves if they had this injury or illness. The other half was randomized to make treatment recommendations for a patient of their age and gender. For the choice of operative or nonoperative, the overall recommendation for treatment was expressed as a surgery score per surgeon by dividing the number of cases they would operate on by the total number of cases (n = 21), where 100% is when every surgeon recommended surgery for every case. For confidence, we calculated the mean confidence for all 21 cases per surgeon; overall score ranges from 0 to 10 with a higher score indicating more confidence in the decision for treatment. Results Surgeons were more likely to recommend surgery for a patient (44.2% ± 14.0%) than they were to choose surgery for themselves (38.5% ± 15.4%) with a mean difference of 6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1%-9.4%; p = 0.002). Surgeons were more confident in deciding for themselves than they were for a patient of similar age and gender (self: 7.9 ± 1.0, patient: 7.5 ± 1.2, mean difference: 0.35 [CI, 0.075-0.62], p = 0.012). Conclusions Surgeons are slightly more likely to recommend surgery for a patient than they are to choose surgery for themselves and they choose for themselves with a little more confidence. Different perspectives, preferences, circumstantial information, and cognitive biases might explain the observed differences. This emphasizes the importance of (1) understanding patients' preferences and their considerations for treatment; (2) being aware that surgeons and patients might weigh various factors differently; (3) giving patients more autonomy by letting them balance risks and benefits themselves (ie, shared decisionmaking); and (4) assessing how dispassionate evidencebased decision aids help inform the patient and influences their decisional conflict