1,439 research outputs found
Sauver les médias:Capitalisme, financement participatif et démocratie
Les mĂ©dias sont en crise. Pas seulement la presse Ă©crite, mais toute la chaĂźne de production de lâinformation. ConfrontĂ©s Ă une concurrence croissante et Ă une baisse inexorable des recettes publicitaires, les journaux, les radios, les tĂ©lĂ©visions, les pure players sont tous Ă la recherche dâun nouveau modĂšle. FondĂ© sur une Ă©tude inĂ©dite des mĂ©dias en Europe et aux Ătats-Unis, ce livre propose de crĂ©er un nouveau statut de « sociĂ©tĂ© de mĂ©dia Ă but non lucratif », intermĂ©diaire entre le statut de fondation et celui de sociĂ©tĂ© par actions. Ce statut permettrait dâĆuvrer pour des mĂ©dias indĂ©pendants des actionnaires extĂ©rieurs, des annonceurs et des pouvoirs publics, mais dĂ©pendants de leurs lecteurs, de leurs salariĂ©s et des internautes. Il sâagit dâun modĂšle Ă©conomique adaptĂ© Ă la rĂ©volution numĂ©rique et aux enjeux du XXIe siĂšcle. Le dĂ©bat est ouvert : il en va, tout simplement, de lâavenir de notre dĂ©mocratie.
Normalienne, titulaire dâun doctorat de lâuniversitĂ© de Harvard, Julia CagĂ© est professeur dâĂ©conomie Ă Sciences Po Paris. Elle est Ă©galement membre de la Commission Ă©conomique de la nation.
(résumé éditeur
FEMEN and Malala as feminist protest âbrandsâ â Some polarities in feminist activism
On Sunday, October 20 2013, a friend and I had an amazing day of feminism: in the morning we watched the documentary Ukraine is not a Brothel about the controversial protest group FEMEN, followed by a Q&A with one of their members, Sasha Shevchenko, and in the afternoon we saw Malala Yousafzai speak about her campaigning work for girlsâ education
Behavior, Energetics, And Swimming Performance Of The American Paddlefish, Polyodon Spathula, In A Lower Mississippi River Oxbow
Paddlefish often frequent oxbows and backwater habitats between periods of migration. Speculation as to the use and energetic savings associated with this seasonal residence has not been substantiated. This study used radio telemetry to track the seasonal movements and swim tunnel respirometry to estimate metabolic rates and swimming efficiency of paddlefish within an oxbow located just north of Clarksdale, Mississippi (Moon Lake). Paddlefish overwintered in the deepest portions of Moon Lake with little movement into shallower areas. Paddlefish swimming performance was measured at four swimming speeds (76.04, 91.27, 106.50, and 121.72 cm/s) to determine the cost of locomotion over season as measured by oxygen consumption and reported as the cost of transport: cost in calories to move one gram of body mass one kilometer. The optimal swimming speed (uopt), the swimming speed at which the cost of transport is the lowest, for any given month (January, February, May, and September) was between 106.50 and 121.72 cm/s and was estimated to be 0.078 calories/g/km for February, May, and September, and 0.045 calories/g/km in January. The caloric availability within the lake was monitored by zooplankton sampling to determine the potential energetic gain from paddlefish filter feeding. The ratio of calories expended to calories gained (cost: benefit ratio) was calculated for each of the four swimming speeds tested during swimming trials. The cost-to-benefit ratios in January and February were less than 1 at all speeds tested and suggested that paddlefish swimming efficiency was high and zooplankton abundance was adequate to support energetic gain. The most efficient swimming speed during January and February was 121.17 and 91.27 cm/s, respectively. Cost-to-benefit ratios in January and February were 0.20 and 0.50 cal/g/km, respectively. Costs began to exceed benefits in May and September as zooplankton densities dropped drastically. This was evidenced by the decline in average caloric value of lake water (29.89 and 4.79 calories/cubic meter for May and September, respectively. In September the cost of locomotion was around 200 to 400% of benefit. The significant drop in zooplankton may have cued paddlefish to move out of Moon Lake
Qui possÚde les médias ?
Qui possĂšde les mĂ©dias ? Il sâavĂšre extraordinairement difficile de rĂ©pondre Ă cette question simple. En France, lâordonnance du 26 aoĂ»t 1944 du Conseil National de la RĂ©sistance rendait obligatoire â entre de multiples autres rĂšgles â la publication sur chaque exemplaire de journaux du nom des actionnaires et de leur profession. Ces rĂšgles nâont, de fait, jamais Ă©tĂ© appliquĂ©es. Il est plus important que jamais dâamĂ©liorer les connaissances de la structure de lâactionnariat des mĂ©dias dâinformation politique et gĂ©nĂ©rale. Lâobjectif de cette recherche est de mettre Ă jour, pour lâensemble des mĂ©dias dâinformation, la liste de leurs actionnaires ainsi que le secteur dâactivitĂ© de ces derniers. Ce Policy Brief se concentre sur les cas de la France et de lâEspagne. Pour ces derniers, nous montrons que lâactionnariat des mĂ©dias dâinformation se caractĂ©rise par sa complexitĂ© et son manque de transparence. De plus, une large part des actionnaires privĂ©s des mĂ©dias tire lâessentiel de leurs ressources dâactivitĂ©s financiĂšres et dâassurance. En France, 51% des actionnaires des mĂ©dias sont dans ce cas ; ils sont ainsi prĂšs de trois fois plus nombreux que les actionnaires issus du secteur de lâinformation et de la communication (18%). Au-delĂ de lâĂ©largissement Ă dâautres pays, la prochaine Ă©tape logique de cette recherche consistera Ă mesurer lâimpact de la structure de lâactionnariat sur la couverture mĂ©diatique
Painful Discourses: Borders, Regions, and Representations of Female Circumcision from Africa to America
This project considers issues of representation and how literature, personal testimony, popular culture, and African film script a narrative of change and/or participate in change in the female circumcision debate. Texts that currently shape the female circumcision debate are increasingly focused on viable methods of social change and couch issues of change in dynamics of discourse and representation, including Obioma Nnaemekaâs Female Circumcision and the Politics of Knowledge: African Women in Imperialist Discourses, Rogaia Mustafa Abusharafâs Female Circumcision: Multicultural Perspectives, and OyĂšrĂłnkĂ© OyewĂčmiâs African Women and Feminism: Reflecting on the Politics of Sisterhood, all of which I cite in the dissertation. These texts resist âotheringâ and focus instead on how African women self-identify in a world that often images them as helpless and devoid of agency and power. This project not only brings new information to bear about how female circumcision is transnationally discoursed, but also offers new ideas of how members of the global community view the âother.â In addition, Painful Discourses offers new readings of literary texts that have female circumcision as a major theme; positions literary texts as key in discourse-making about FC; emphasizes the necessity of womenâs personal accounts of circumcision to educate nations about this practice; and privileges African perspectives about FC. The project details central issues in female circumcision discourse, particularly the dynamics that fuel how female circumcision and the millions of girls and women who have and will undergo the procedure are represented, as well as crucial moments, persons, and representations that have created a moment of âborder crossingâ in our transnational understandings about the practice, including âtravelogues,â ethnography, autobiography, and US print media. The project also features the personal narratives of two women who were circumcised in East Africa. The project appropriately ends with the consideration of African novelist and filmmaker Ousmane SembĂšneâs 2004 film, MoolaadĂ©. The film is a cinematic representation of anti-circumcision discourse as well as an aesthetic masterpiece that confronts the changing identity of an unnamed village caught between traditions of the past and âmodernitiesâ of the present. I conclude the project by offering new ideas for representation
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