Use of ultrasound for characterising the gelation process in heat induced CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O tofu curd

Mechanical evolution of tofu curd in gelation was investigated using low-power ultrasound and textural analysis. Two independent ultrasonic parameters, velocity and attenuation, were measured at the frequency 1 MHz as a function of time after addition Of the calcium sulphate (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O) coagulant to heated soya milk. The responsive ultrasonic Velocity has a plateau in the beginning of gelation and tends to a lower steady state after the formation of tofu gels. Ultrasonic attenuation exhibits first-order kinetics that matches the development of firmness revealed by textural analysis. Low-power ultrasound explores the formation of tofu gels ill the aspects of pre-gelation processes, protein aggregation in gelation, and mechanical evolution in the gel at the post-gelation stage. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Influence of CH4 flow rate on properties of HF-PECVD a-SiC films and solar cell application

The hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC: H) alloy is one of the more intensively studied as it has importance as an active layer in photovoltaic cells (as p-type windowlayer). In this present, a wide band gap and highly conductive p-type a-SiC: H thin films have been deposited by high-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition at low substrate temperature of 150 degrees C. This material as a window layer application for amorphous silicon solar cells has carry out. The a-SiC: H thin films were deposited at a plasma excitation frequency of 27.13 MHz by varying the dilution of CH4 vertical bar H-2 mixture in the reaction chamber. The effects of deposited parameters on the characteristics of a-SiC: H have been investigated by UVeVIS spectroscopy, dark-and photoconductivity measurement, scanning electron microscopy and second ion mass spectroscopy, respectively. The results show the properties of a-SiC: H films as a function of carbon content. It was found that a-SiC: H film deposited at CH4 flow rate of 40 sccm and H-2 flow rate of 50 sccm is better suited for thin film solar cell application and the solar cell with conversion efficiency of 10.11% was obtained. (C) 2010 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved

STRmix™ collaborative exercise on DNA mixture interpretation.

An intra and inter-laboratory study using the probabilistic genotyping (PG) software STRmix™ is reported. Two complex mixtures from the PROVEDIt set, analysed on an Applied Biosystems™ 3500 Series Genetic Analyzer, were selected. 174 participants responded. For Sample 1 (low template, in the order of 200 rfu for major contributors) five participants described the comparison as inconclusive with respect to the POI or excluded him. Where LRs were assigned, the point estimates ranging from 2 × 10 <sup>4</sup> to 8 × 10 <sup>6</sup> . For Sample 2 (in the order of 2000 rfu for major contributors), LRs ranged from 2 × 10 <sup>28</sup> to 2 × 10 <sup>29</sup> . Where LRs were calculated, the differences between participants can be attributed to (from largest to smallest impact): This study demonstrates a high level of repeatability and reproducibility among the participants. For those results that differed from the mode, the differences in LR were almost always minor or conservative

The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle:A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution

To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.Fil: Bovine Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium. Bovine Genome Sequencing And Analysis Consortium; Estados UnidosFil: Amadio, Ariel Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Poli, Mario Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentin