The role of biotechnology in water resource and ecosystem management

Water scarcity has become a global phenomenon. This is mainly due to the increase in population, global climatic change, drought cycles and decertification (particularly in the Sub-Saharan Africa). Presently, about 2 billion people in 80 countries around the world suffer from chronic water shortages and Nigeria is unfortunately one of such countries. Many of the capital cities in Nigeria do not have adequate water supply. A number of water-borne and water related diseases such as typhoid, dysentery and dracunculiasis, which have become endemic in Nigeria, could easily be eradicated through proper sanitation and provision of adequate clean water. Without exaggeration, our industrial and agricultural productivities and consequently our social and economic emancipation as a nation are very much dependent on the availability and quality of water

A physiological and genetic analysis of growth characteristics in Hordeum spontaneum

The aim of this project was to determine to what extent physiological, morphological and chemical growth characteristics are genetically linked and/or caused by common factors. First, 84 accessions of H. spontaneum from different habitats in Israel were screened for their variation in growth traits. A cross was made between contrasting genotypes and the F3 offspring were grown under close to optimal conditions and analysed for their growth characteristics. A map was constructed using AFLP markers. On chromosome 1 two QTLs for relative growth rate and specific leaf area were found at the same location. On chromosome 4 two QTLs for photosynthesis per unit leaf area and stomatal conductance were found at the same position. These traits are probably genetically linked or controlled by a common factor

Highest densities of mountain hares ( Lepus timidus ) associated with ecologically restored bog but not grouse moorland management

Over the last 20 years, ecological restoration of degraded habitats has become common in conservation practice. Mountain hares (Lepus timidus scoticus) were surveyed during 2017–2021 using 830 km of line transects in the Peak District National Park, England. Historically degraded bog areas were previously reported having low hare numbers. Following bog restoration, we found hare densities of 32.6 individuals km−2, notably higher than neighboring degraded (unrestored) bog with 24.4 hares km−2. Hare density on restored peatland was 2.7 times higher than on bogs managed for grouse shooting at 12.2 hares km−2 and 3.3 times higher than on heather moorland managed for grouse shooting at 10.0 hares km−2. Yearly estimates varied most on habitats managed for grouse, perhaps indicative of the impact of habitat management, for example, heather burning and/or possible hare culling to control potential tick-borne louping ill virus in gamebirds. Acid grassland used for sheep farming had a similar density to grouse moorland at 11.8 hares km−2. Unmanaged dwarf shrub heath had the lowest density at 4.8 hares km−2. Hare populations are characterized by significant yearly fluctuations, those in the study area increasing by 60% between 2017 and 2018 before declining by ca. 15% by 2020 and remaining stable to 2021. During an earlier survey in 2002, total abundance throughout the Peak District National Park was estimated at 3361 (95% CI: 2431–4612) hares. The present study estimated 3562 (2291–5624) hares suggesting a stable population over the last two decades despite fluctuations likely influenced by weather and anthropogenic factors. Mountain hares in the Peak District favored bog habitats and were associated with restored peatland habitat. Wildlife management should be cognizant of hare density variation between habitats, which may have implications for local extinction risk

Die radioenzymatische Bestimmung von Adrenalin und Noradrenalin im Plasma und ihre Anwendung bei der Diagnostik des Phaeochromozytoms

SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman