2,828 research outputs found
One-loop effects in a self-dual planar noncommutative theory
We study the UV properties, and derive the explicit form of the one-loop
effective action, for a noncommutative complex scalar field theory in 2+1
dimensions with a Grosse-Wulkenhaar term, at the self-dual point. We also
consider quantum effects around non-trivial minima of the classical action
which appear when the potential allows for the spontaneous breaking of the U(1)
symmetry. For those solutions, we show that the one-loop correction to the
vacuum energy is a function of a special combination of the amplitude of the
classical solution and the coupling constant.Comment: Version to appear in JHE
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Precipitation and latent heating distributions from satellite passive microwave radiometry. Part I: improved method and uncertainties
A revised Bayesian algorithm for estimating surface rain rate, convective rain proportion, and latent heating profiles from satellite-borne passive microwave radiometer observations over ocean backgrounds is described. The algorithm searches a large database of cloud-radiative model simulations to find cloud profiles that are radiatively consistent with a given set of microwave radiance measurements. The properties of these radiatively consistent profiles are then composited to obtain best estimates of the observed properties. The revised algorithm is supported by an expanded and more physically consistent database of cloud-radiative model simulations. The algorithm also features a better quantification of the convective and nonconvective contributions to total rainfall, a new geographic database, and an improved representation of background radiances in rain-free regions. Bias and random error estimates are derived from applications of the algorithm to synthetic radiance data, based upon a subset of cloud-resolving model simulations, and from the Bayesian formulation itself. Synthetic rain-rate and latent heating estimates exhibit a trend of high (low) bias for low (high) retrieved values. The Bayesian estimates of random error are propagated to represent errors at coarser time and space resolutions, based upon applications of the algorithm to TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) data. Errors in TMI instantaneous rain-rate estimates at 0.5°-resolution range from approximately 50% at 1 mm h−1 to 20% at 14 mm h−1. Errors in collocated spaceborne radar rain-rate estimates are roughly 50%–80% of the TMI errors at this resolution. The estimated algorithm random error in TMI rain rates at monthly, 2.5° resolution is relatively small (less than 6% at 5 mm day−1) in comparison with the random error resulting from infrequent satellite temporal sampling (8%–35% at the same rain rate). Percentage errors resulting from sampling decrease with increasing rain rate, and sampling errors in latent heating rates follow the same trend. Averaging over 3 months reduces sampling errors in rain rates to 6%–15% at 5 mm day−1, with proportionate reductions in latent heating sampling errors
Study of f_0(980) and f_0(1500) from B_s \to f_0(980)\pi, f_0(1500)\pi Decays
In this paper, we analyze the scalar mesons and from
the decays within Perturbative
QCD approach. From the leading order calculations, we find that (a) in the
allowed mixing angle ranges, the branching ratio of is about , which is smaller than
that of (the difference is a few times even one
order); (b) the decay is better to distinguish
between the lowest lying state or the first excited state for ,
because the branching ratios for two scenarios have about one-order difference
in most of the mixing angle ranges; and (c) the direct CP asymmetries of for two scenarios also exists great difference. In
scenario II, the variation range of the value according to the mixing angle is very small, except for
the values corresponding to the mixing angles being near or
, while the variation range of in scenario I is very large. Compared with the future data for
the decay , it is ease to determine the nature
of the scalar meson .Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, Revte
CVD growth and properties of boron phosphide on 3C-SiC
Citation: CVD growth and properties of boron phosphide on 3C-SiC, B. Padavala, C.D.Frye, X. Wang, B. Raghothamachar, and J.H. Edgar, Journal of Crystal Growth, volume 449 pp. 15-21 (2016).Improving the crystalline quality of boron phosphide (BP) is essential for realizing its full potential in semiconductor device applications. In this study, 3C-SiC was tested as a substrate for BP epitaxy. BP films were grown on 3C-SiC(100)/Si, 3C-SiC(111)/Si, and 3C-SiC(111)/4H-SiC(0001) substrates in a horizontal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. Films were produced with good crystalline orientation and morphological features in the temperature range of 1000–1200 °C using a PH3+B2H6+H2 mixture. Rotational twinning was absent in the BP due to the crystal symmetry-matching with 3C-SiC. Confocal 3D Raman imaging of BP films revealed primarily uniform peak shift and peak widths across the scanned area, except at defects on the surface. Synchrotron white beam X-ray topography showed the epitaxial relationship between BP and 3C-SiC was (100)(100)〈011〉〈011〉BP||(100)(100)〈011〉〈011〉3C-SiC and (111)(111)View the MathML source〈112̅〉BP||(111)(111)View the MathML source〈112̅〉3C-SiC. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated residual tensile strain in the films and improved crystalline quality at temperatures below 1200 °C. These results indicated that BP properties could be further enhanced by employing high quality bulk 3C-SiC or 3C-SiC epilayers on 4H-SiC substrates
Development, use and management of the Zhoushan fishing ground, China
The Zhoushan fishing area contains the Zhoushan archipelagos, whose population is nearly 1 million, including over 300,000 fishermen. A detailed account is given of the environment and its resources; there are more than 300 species of fish, over 60 species of shrimp, more than 10 species of crab and more than 50 species of algae in the area. The history of fishery development in the area is described, outlining motorization, technology, and education. Various regulations and management activities, implemented in the 1980s, are highlighted
Coordination of DC power flow controllers and AC/DC converters on optimising the delivery of wind power
The generation of offshore wind power is less predictable. This can cause the overload of offshore DC transmission system and thus requires the curtailment of wind power. To reduce the amount of wind power curtailment, a method of optimising DC power flow using DC power flow controller (DC-PFC) is proposed. The analytical expression of coordinating DC-PFCs and converters in controlling the power flow of the DC system has been created. Method has been developed to optimise the power flow of DC grids within which control setting changes automatically in different wind conditions to reduce both the power curtailment and power losses. The proposed method has been demonstrated and validated on a 9-port DC system. It is concluded that both the curtailment of wind power and power losses are effectively reduced by inserting DC-PFCs into DC grids
Development, use and management of the Zhoushan fishing ground, China
Fishing grounds, Fishing operations, Fishery development, Fishery management, Zhoushan, China, People's Rep.,
Transport across nanogaps using semiclassically consistent boundary conditions
Charge particle transport across nanogaps is studied theoretically within the
Schrodinger-Poisson mean field framework and the existence of limiting current
investigated. It is shown that the choice of a first order WKB wavefunction as
the transmitted wave leads to self consistent boundary conditions and gives
results that are significantly different in the non-classical regime from those
obtained using a plane transmitted wave. At zero injection energies, the
quantum limiting current density, J_c, is found to obey the local scaling law
J_c ~ (V_g)^alpha/(D)^{5-2alpha} with the gap separation D and voltage V_g. The
exponent alpha > 1.1 with alpha --> 3/2 in the classical regime of small de
Broglie wavelengths. These results are consistent with recent experiments using
nanogaps most of which are found to be in a parameter regime where classical
space charge limited scaling holds away from the emission dominated regime.Comment: 4 pages, 4 ps figure
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