Anomalies, Anomalous U(1)'s and generalized Chern-Simons terms

A detailed analysis of anomalous U(1)'s and their effective couplings is performed both in field theory and string theory. It is motivated by the possible relevance of such couplings in particle physics, as well as a potential signal distinguishing string theory from other UV options. The most general anomaly related effective action is analyzed and parameterized. It contains Stuckelberg, axionic and Chern-Simons-like couplings. It is shown that such couplings are generically non-trivial in orientifold string vacua and are not in general fixed by anomalies. A similar analysis in quantum field theories provides similar couplings. The trilinear gauge boson couplings are also calculated and their phenomenological relevance is advocated. We do not find qualitative differences between string and field theory in this sector.Comment: 52 pages, 2 eps figures, LaTeX, feynmf & youngtab packages (v2 - Minor corrections, references added

The second International Symposium on Fungal Stress:ISFUS

The topic of 'fungal stress' is central to many important disciplines, including medical mycology, chronobiology, plant and insect pathology, industrial microbiology, material sciences, and astrobiology. The International Symposium on Fungal Stress (ISFUS) brought together researchers, who study fungal stress in a variety of fields. The second ISFUS was held in May 8-11 2017 in Goiania, Goias, Brazil and hosted by the Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Satide Pablica at the Universidade Federal de Goias. It was supported by grants from CAPES and FAPEG. Twenty-seven speakers from 15 countries presented their research related to fungal stress biology. The Symposium was divided into seven topics: 1. Fungal biology in extreme environments; 2. Stress mechanisms and responses in fungi: molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics, and cellular biology; 3. Fungal photobiology in the context of stress; 4. Role of stress in fungal pathogenesis; 5. Fungal stress and bioremediation; 6. Fungal stress in agriculture and forestry; and 7. Fungal stress in industrial applications. This article provides an overview of the science presented and discussed at ISFUS-2017. (C) 2017 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Goias of BrazilAlders English Serv, BR-74810908 Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Lab Biol Mol, Inst Ciencias Biol, BR-74690900 Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, Lab Bioquim & Genet Aplicada, BR-90040060 Sao Carlos, SP, BrazilChinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, CAS Key Lab Insect Dev & Evolutionary Biol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R ChinaUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Ctr Biotechnol, BR-13565905 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Saskatchewan, Coll Pharm & Nutr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, CanadaUniv Helsinki, Dept Agr Sci, POB 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, FinlandUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Chem, BR-21941901 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Dundee, Sch Life Sci, Geomicrobiol Grp, Dundee DD1 5EH, ScotlandUniv Gottingen, Inst Microbiol & Genet, Dept Mol Microbiol & Genet, D-37077 Gottingen, GermanyUniv Gottingen, Gottingen Ctr Mol Biosci, D-37077 Gottingen, GermanyUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, Dept Anal Clin Toxicol & Bromatol, BR-14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut, BR-14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, BrazilQueens Univ Belfast, Inst Global Food Secur, Sch Biol Sci, MBC, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North IrelandUtah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USAGeisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Dept Mol & Syst Biol, Hanover, NH 03755 USAUniv Tuscia, Dept Ecol & Biol Sci DEB, I-01100 Viterbo, ItalyUniv Seville, Fac Biol, Dept Genet, Seville 41012, SpainUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim & Tecnol Quim, BR-14800060 Araraquara, SP, BrazilAIT Austrian Inst Technol GmbH, Ctr Hlth & Bioresources, Konrad Lorenz Str 24, A-3430 Tulin, AustriaCONICET Univ Nacl La Plata UNLP, Inst Invest Bioquim La Plata INIBIOLP, CCT La Plata Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Calles 60 & 120, RA-1900 La Plata, ArgentinaUniv Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Biotechnol, Mexico City 09340, DF, MexicoSwedish Univ Agr Sci, Uppsala Bioctr, Dept Forest Mycol & Plant Pathol, Box 7026, S-75007 Uppsala, SwedenUniv Estadual Maringa, Dept Biochem, BR-87020900 Maringa, PR, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim & Tecnol Quim, BR-14800060 Araraquara, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 2010/06374-1FAPESP: 2013/50518-6FAPESP: 2014/01229-4CNPq: PQ2 302312/2011-0CNPq: PQ1D 308436/2014-8CAPES: PAEP 88881.123209/2016-01Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Goias of Brazil: 20171026700011

Assessment of penetration of Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate into biological membranes by molecular dynamics

The present work, involves the simulation of the transport of a vitamin C derivative, Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate (ATI), through human skin by molecular dynamics. Percutaneous absorption of the ATI molecule through the infundibulum, an important route of absorption into the hair follicle of the human skin, has been modeled and compared with the stratum corneum membrane. The comparative study was done, using molecular dynamics with Martini force field. In infundibulum, a single ATI molecule require more time to penetrate, and the data obtained suggested that a high concentration of ATI molecule accelerated the process of penetration. In conclusion, the ATI molecule was found to have more affinity towards the stratum corneum as compared towards the infundibulum and it followed a straight pathway to penetrate (until 600 ns of simulation). In infundibulum, it showed less affinity, more mobility and followed a lateral pathway. Thus, this work contributes to a better understanding of the different molecular interactions during percutaneous absorption of active molecules in these two different types of biological membranes.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Brazilian agencies CAPES, Finep and Fapesp (Project FINEP 01.10.0661-00, FAPESP 2011/13250-0, FAPESP 2013/17247-9, FAPESP 2014/05975-2, CAPES 88887068264/2014-00), of Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale Paraíba

The <i>Ectocarpus</i> genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in brown algae

Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are complex photosynthetic organisms with a very different evolutionary history to green plants, to which they are only distantly related1. These seaweeds are the dominant species in rocky coastal ecosystems and they exhibit many interesting adaptations to these, often harsh, environments. Brown algae are also one of only a small number of eukaryotic lineages that have evolved complex multicellularity (Fig. 1).We report the 214 million base pair (Mbp) genome sequence of the filamentous seaweed Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye, a model organism for brown algae, closely related to the kelps (Fig. 1). Genome features such as the presence of an extended set of light-harvesting and pigment biosynthesis genes and new metabolic processes such as halide metabolism help explain the ability of this organism to cope with the highly variable tidal environment. The evolution of multicellularity in this lineage is correlated with the presence of a rich array of signal transduction genes. Of particular interest is the presence of a family of receptor kinases, as the independent evolution of related molecules has been linked with the emergence of multicellularity in both the animal and green plant lineages. The Ectocarpus genome sequence represents an important step towards developing this organism as a model species, providing the possibility to combine genomic and genetic2 approaches to explore these and other aspects of brown algal biology further

ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma a

Role of genetic testing for inherited prostate cancer risk: Philadelphia prostate cancer consensus conference 2017

Purpose: Guidelines are limited for genetic testing for prostate cancer (PCA). The goal of this conference was to develop an expert consensus-dri

Whole-body MRI versus an FDG-PET/CT-based reference standard for staging of paediatric Hodgkin lymphoma:a prospective multicentre study

Objectives To assess the concordance of whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) and an FDG-PET/CT-based reference standard for the initial staging in children with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) Methods Children with newly diagnosed HL were included in this prospective, multicentre, international study and underwent WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT at staging. Two radiologists and a nuclear medicine physician independently evaluated all images. Discrepancies between WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT were assessed by an expert panel. All FDG-PET/CT errors were corrected to derive the FDG-PET/CT-based reference standard. The expert panel corrected all reader errors in the WB-MRI DWI dataset to form the intrinsic MRI data. Inter-observer agreement for WB-MRI DWI was calculated using overall agreement, specific agreements and kappa statistics. Concordance for correct classification of all disease sites and disease stage between WB-MRI (without DWI, with DWI and intrinsic WB-MRI DWI) and the reference standard was calculated as primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included positive predictive value, negative predictive value and kappa statistics. Clustering within patients was accounted for using a mixed-effect logistic regression model with random intercepts and a multilevel kappa analysis. Results Sixty-eight children were included. Inter-observer agreement between WB-MRI DWI readers was good for disease stage (kappa= 0.74). WB-MRI DWI agreed with the FDG-PET/CT-based reference standard for determining disease stage in 96% of the patients versus 88% for WB-MRI without DWI. Agreement between WB-MRI DWI and the reference standard was excellent for both nodal (98%) and extra-nodal (100%) staging. Conclusions WB-MRI DWI showed excellent agreement with the FDG-PET/CT-based reference standard. The addition of DWI to the WB-MRI protocol improved the staging agreement