149,579 research outputs found
Power-law Behavior of High Energy String Scatterings in Compact Spaces
We calculate high energy massive scattering amplitudes of closed bosonic
string compactified on the torus. We obtain infinite linear relations among
high energy scattering amplitudes. For some kinematic regimes, we discover that
some linear relations break down and, simultaneously, the amplitudes enhance to
power-law behavior due to the space-time T-duality symmetry in the compact
direction. This result is consistent with the coexistence of the linear
relations and the softer exponential fall-off behavior of high energy string
scattering amplitudes as we pointed out prevously. It is also reminiscent of
hard (power-law) string scatterings in warped spacetime proposed by Polchinski
and Strassler.Comment: 6 pages, no figure. Talk presented by Jen-Chi Lee at Europhysics
Conference (EPS2007), Manchester, England, July 19-25, 2007. To be published
by Journal of Physics: Conference Series
350 Micron Observations of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts
We present 350micron observations of 36 ultraluminous infrared galaxies
(ULIRGs) at intermediate redshifts (0.089 <= z <= 0.926) using the
Submillimeter High Angular Resolution Camera II (SHARC-II) on the Caltech
Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). In total, 28 sources are detected at S/N >= 3,
providing the first flux measurements longward of 100micron for a statistically
significant sample of ULIRGs in the redshift range of 0.1 < z < 1.0. Combining
our 350micron flux measurements with the existing IRAS 60 and 100micron data,
we fit a single-temperature model to the spectral energy distribution (SED),
and thereby estimate dust temperatures and far-IR luminosities. Assuming an
emissivity index of beta = 1.5, we find a median dust temperature and far-IR
luminosity of Td = 42.8+-7.1K and log(Lfir/Lsolar) = 12.2+-0.5, respectively.
The far-IR/radio correlation observed in local star-forming galaxies is found
to hold for ULIRGs in the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.5, suggesting that the
dust in these sources is predominantly heated by starbursts. We compare the
far-IR luminosities and dust temperatures derived for dusty galaxy samples at
low and high redshifts with our sample of ULIRGs at intermediate redshift. A
general Lfir-Td relation is observed, albeit with significant scatter, due to
differing selection effects and variations in dust mass and grain properties.
The relatively high dust temperatures observed for our sample compared to that
of high-z submillimeter-selected starbursts with similar far-IR luminosities
suggest that the dominant star formation in ULIRGs at moderate redshifts takes
place on smaller spatial scales than at higher redshifts.Comment: (24 pages in preprint format, 1 table, 7 figures, accepted for
publication in ApJ
Contact law and impact responses of laminated composites
Static identation tests were performed to determine the law of contact between a steel ball and glass/epoxy and graphite/epoxy laminated composites. For both composites the power law with an index of 1.5 was found to be adequate for the loading curve. Substantial permanent deformations were noted after the unloading. A high order beam finite element was used to compute the dynamic contact force and response of the laminated composite subjected to the impact of an elastic sphere. This program can be used with either the classical Hertzian contact law or the measured contact law. A simple method is introduced for estimating the contact force and contact duration in elastic impacts
Cooperative emission of a pulse train in an optically thick scattering medium
An optically thick cold atomic cloud emits a coherent flash of light in the
forward direction when the phase of an incident probe field is abruptly
changed. Because of cooperativity, the duration of this phenomena can be much
shorter than the excited lifetime of a single atom. Repeating periodically the
abrupt phase jump, we generate a train of pulses with short repetition time,
high intensity contrast and high efficiency. In this regime, the emission is
fully governed by cooperativity even if the cloud is dilute.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Theory of fishnet negative-index optical metamaterials
We theoretically study fishnet metamaterials at optical frequencies. In
contrast to earlier works, we provide a microscopic description by tracking the
transversal and longitudinal flows of energy through the fishnet mesh composed
of intersecting subwavelength plasmonic waveguides. The analysis is supported
by a semi-analytical model based on surface-plasmon coupled-mode equations,
which provides accurate formulas for the fishnet refractive index, including
the real-negative and imaginary parts. The model simply explains how the
surface plasmons couple at the waveguide intersections and it shines new light
on the fishnet negative-index paradigm at optical frequencies. Extension of the
theory for loss-compensated metamaterials with gain media is also presented.Comment: 4 figure
The infrared conductivity of NaCoO: evidence of gapped states
We present infrared ab-plane conductivity data for the layered cobaltate
NaCoO at three different doping levels (, and 0.75). The
Drude weight increases monotonically with hole doping, . At the lowest
hole doping level =0.75 the system resembles the normal state of underdoped
cuprate superconductors with a scattering rate that varies linearly with
frequency and temperature and there is an onset of scattering by a bosonic mode
at 600 \cm. Two higher hole doped samples ( and 0.25) show two
different-size gaps (110 \cm and 200 \cm, respectively) in the optical
conductivities at low temperatures and become insulators. The spectral weights
lost in the gap region of 0.50 and 0.25 samples are shifted to prominent peaks
at 200 \cm and 800 \cm, respectively. We propose that the two gapped states of
the two higher hole doped samples (=0.50 and 0.25) are pinned charge ordered
states.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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