Effect of silver nanoparticles on the standard soil arthropod Folsomia candida (Collembola) and the eukaryote model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Additional file 2. Yeast colony formation

Chiral logic computing with twisted antiferromagnetic magnon modes

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials offer an exciting platform for ultrafast information handling with low cross-talks and compatibility with existing technology. Particularly interesting for low-energy cost computing is the spin wave-based realization of logic gates, which has been demonstrated experimentally for ferromagnetic waveguides. Here, we predict chiral magnonic eigenmodes with a finite intrinsic, magnonic orbital angular momentum ℓ in AFM waveguides. ℓ is an unbounded integer determined by the spatial topology of the mode. We show how these chiral modes can serve for multiplex AFM magnonic computing by demonstrating the operation of several symmetry- and topology-protected logic gates. A Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction may arise at the waveguide boundaries, allowing coupling to external electric fields and resulting in a Faraday effect. The uncovered aspects highlight the potential of AFM spintronics for swift data communication and handling with high fidelity and at a low-energy cost

Identification of a novel N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) transporter in Tannerella forsythia.

Tannerella forsythia is a Gram-negative periodontal pathogen lacking the ability to undergo de novo synthesis of amino sugars N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) that form the disaccharide-repeating unit of the peptidoglycan backbone. T. forsythia relies on the uptake of these sugars from the environment, which is so far unexplored. Here, we identified a novel transporter system of T. forsythia involved in the uptake of MurNAc across the inner membrane and characterized a homolog of the Escherichia. coli MurQ etherase involved in the conversion of MurNAc-6P to GlcNAc-6P. The genes encoding these components were identified on a three gene cluster spanning Tanf_08375 to Tanf_08385 located downstream from a putative peptidoglycan recycling locus. We show that the three genes, Tanf_08375, Tanf_08380, and Tanf_08385, encoding a MurNAc transporter, a putative sugar kinase, and a MurQ etherase, respectively, are transcriptionally linked. Complementation of the Tanf_08375 and Tanf_08380 genes together in trans, but not individually rescued the inability of an E. coli mutant deficient in the PTS (phosphotransferase system)-dependent MurNAc transporter MurP as well as that of a double mutant deficient in MurP and components of the PTS system to grow on MurNAc. In addition, complementation with this two-gene construct in E. coli caused depletion of MurNAc in the medium, further confirming this observation. Our results show that the products of Tanf_08375 and Tanf_08380 constitute a novel non-PTS MurNAc transporter system that seems to be widespread among bacteria of the Bacteroidetes phylum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first identification of a PTS-independent MurNAc transporter in bacteria. IMPORTANCE: In this study we report the identification of a novel transporter for peptidoglycan amino-sugar N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) in the periodontal pathogen T. forsythia It has been known since the late 1980s that T. forsythia is a MurNAc auxotroph relying on environmental sources for this essential sugar. Most sugar transporters, and the MurNAc transporter MurP in particular require a PTS phosho-relay to drive the uptake and concurrent phosphorylation of the sugar through the inner membrane in Gram-negative bacteria. Our study uncovered a novel type of PTS-independent MurNAc transporter, and although so far unique to T. forsythia, may be present in a range of bacteria both of the oral cavity and gut especially of the phylum Bacteroidetes

Dissipation in Dynamics of a Moving Contact Line

The dynamics of the deformations of a moving contact line is studied assuming two different dissipation mechanisms. It is shown that the characteristic relaxation time for a deformation of wavelength $2\pi/|k|$ of a contact line moving with velocity $v$ is given as $\tau^{-1}(k)=c(v) |k|$. The velocity dependence of $c(v)$ is shown to drastically depend on the dissipation mechanism: we find $c(v)=c(v=0)-2 v$ for the case when the dynamics is governed by microscopic jumps of single molecules at the tip (Blake mechanism), and $c(v)\simeq c(v=0)-4 v$ when viscous hydrodynamic losses inside the moving liquid wedge dominate (de Gennes mechanism). We thus suggest that the debated dominant dissipation mechanism can be experimentally determined using relaxation measurements similar to the Ondarcuhu-Veyssie experiment [T. Ondarcuhu and M. Veyssie, Nature {\bf 352}, 418 (1991)].Comment: REVTEX 8 pages, 9 PS figure

Impact vaporization and Condensation: Laser Irradiation Experiments with Natural Planetary Materials

0000-0002-4414-4917The attached files are the published version of the article from the 49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018 (LPI Contrib. No. 2083), and the open access abstract (Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 20, EGU2018-16223, 2018, EGU General Assembly 2018, © Author(s) 2018. CC Attribution 4.0 license.