Financial and Economic Health in European Member States: A Rational Management Theory

The last decades of the European Union have been sprinkled of several instability problems, fluctuating between the growth of some State and crises of some other, without reaching an economic stability unity. Even in the presence of the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) agreement, most of the States failed to monitor their health and gradually achieve positive results in term of Sovereign Debt exposure, economic growth and population\u2019s happiness and satisfaction. According to the Rational Management Theory, any organization (both private or public, whatever the dimension) can be managed through three specific \u201crational\u201d macro-phases. A first phase is called \u201cPlanning\u201d. In this phase, all the initiatives and actions are forecasted, planned and defined coherently with the vision, the mission, the target and the budget of the organization. In the second phase, named \u201cExecution\u201d, those actions are implemented and performed. In the third phase, titled \u201cControlling\u201d, is conducted a gap analysis between the deliverable and the achieved performance, therefore corrective actions can be proposed and implemented. The three phases are cyclic and backed by several documents, in particular budgeting statements and reports, accountancy and final balance statement. In this framework, the European Union members can find a map to a better managerial system, even taking into account all the complexity that characterizes a State. To evaluate the financial and economic health gauge of European Union Member States, we propose to verify if some of the most acknowledged managerial tools of financial statement interpretation can provide some gauges for economic and financial health and even predict or enhance the Deficit/GDP Ratio and the other structural ratios of the SGP. The sample is extracted from the European Central Bank Statistical Warehouse, analyzing some of the most critical accounts for the General Governments and comparing them with the most famous structural financial stability measures. The comparison will be conducted on the panel of most of the EU Member States financial and economic data for the last two decades. This contribution intends to foster the improvement and development of a set of supplementary instruments for a better management based on accounting data and strengthened by the European System of Accounts (2010 version)

Marketing Approaches to Human Resources Management In the Hospitality Industry

Now that baby boomers are older and pursuing more career-oriented jobs, managers of the hospitality industry are experiencing the effects of the pre- sent labor crisis; they now know that those vacant hourly jobs are going to be tough to fill with quality personnel. The companies able to attract quality personnel by offering employees what they need and want will be the successful ones in the next decade. The authors explain how the labor crisis is currently affecting the hospitality industry and make suggestions about how firms may survive the labor crash” of the 1990s with the application of marketing technology to human resource management

Resistance to Change Processes and Strategies for the Implementation of Harmonization Reforms: The Separation of the Health Care Expenditure in the Regional Financial Statements

The Legislative Decree n. 118/2011, in setting the rules for the harmonization of the financial accounting of the local governments, represents a further progress for the accounting process also for the health care. In the specific case the article 20 defines a precise identification perimeter of revenue and expenditure related with National Health Service (NHS) by the regulations in the regional financial statements, in a way to make possible an immediate comparability between the Health Care incomes and expenditures in the Regional financial statement. The aim of this paper, always referred to the Rational Management based on financial statement, focuses the attention on the possible correlation between organizational responses to institutional pressure and the theoretical roles of accounting, tracing lines of best practices compliance or not on the sample above explained

Financial and Accounting Approaches in Lease Appraisal

The determination of the residual debt at a given date of a lease agreement, when it occurs the case of insolvency or continuous arrears (i.e. an early termination, before the maturity of the lease plan), is often regulated by the contract, which fixes penalties and some kind of impairment reimbursement. Both the lessor and the lessee are required to calculate separately for the amount of the outstanding debt and the sum of the impairment reimbursement and of the penalties. In this paper, the authors propose a model for a precise quantification of the residual debt, the damage impairment and the penalty shares based on three rates: the contractual rate, the implicit internal rate(s) of return and the market prime rate. This model is consistent with both finance and accounting perspectives. The developed methodology can also be proven capable to detect early any usury behavior, when it is given a threshold by the law or when it can be inferred from the market, therefore improving decision making and the forecasting of actual costs of the agreement

Tensin links energy metabolism to extracellular matrix assembly.

The regulation of integrin function is key to fundamental cellular processes, including cell migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly. In this issue, Georgiadou et al. (2017. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201609066) report that the metabolic sensor adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase influences tensin production to regulate α5β1-integrin and fibrillar adhesion assembly and thus reveal an important connection between energy metabolism and ECM assembly

“Bit Standard”- Bitcoin between reality and risks of a “halfway-money”

This work provides an explanation of the market underlying the evolution due to modern technologies and technical advances, especially in transactions. In this regard, the authors specify the aspect related to the creation of virtual currencies like bitcoin that can circulate thanks to the Blockchain system through miners\u2019 work. The authors consider areas related to the warnings on the use and exchange of virtual currencies. The aim is to conceptualize in a graphical way the current operational transaction in bitcoin through the existing exchange platforms. The authors try to attest the fickleness of the disintermediation ideal founding Bitcoin. The analysis purposed could be interesting and useful to provide a kind of interpretation of the phenomenon and a general overview about Bitcoin system

Orexin Receptor Multimerization versus Functional Interactions: Neuropharmacological Implications for Opioid and Cannabinoid Signalling and Pharmacogenetics

Peer reviewe

Cochlear Implant Results in Older Adults with Post-Lingual Deafness: The Role of “Top-Down” Neurocognitive Mechanisms

To date, no clear specific cognitive predictors of speech perception outcome in older adult cochlear implant (CI) users have yet emerged. The aim of this prospective study was to increase knowledge on cognitive and clinical predictors of the audiological outcome in adult cochlear implant users. A total of 21 patients with post-lingual deafness, who were candidates for cochlear implantation, were recruited at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, University of Torino (Italy) and subjected to a pre-operatory neuropsychological assessment (T0) and an audiological examination after 12 months of implantation (T12). Patients who, at T12, had a 60 dB verbal recognition above 80%, were younger (z = −2.131, p = 0.033) and performed better in the Verbal Semantic Fluency Test at T0 (z = −1.941, p = 0.052) than subjects who had a 60 dB verbal recognition at T12 below 80%. The most significant predictors of the CI audiological outcome at T12 were age (β = −0.492, p = 0.024) and patients’ TMT-A performance at baseline (β = −0.486, p = 0.035). We conclude that cognitive processing speed might be a good predictor of the level of speech understanding in older adult patients with CI after one year of implantation