1,622 research outputs found
Exchange between deep donors in semiconductors: a quantum defect approach
Exchange interactions among defects in semiconductors are commonly treated
within effective-mass theory using a scaled hydrogenic wave-function. However
such a wave-function is only applicable to shallow impurities; here we present
a simple but robust generalization to treat deep donors, in which we treat the
long-range part of the wavefunction using the well established quantum defect
theory, and include a model central-cell correction to fix the bound-state
eigenvalue at the experimentally observed value. This allows us to compute the
effect of binding energy on exchange interactions as a function of donor
distance; this is a significant quantity given recent proposals to carry out
quantum information processing using deep donors. As expected, exchange
interactions are suppressed (or increased), compared to the hydrogenic case, by
the greater localization (or delocalization) of the wavefunctions of deep
donors (or `super-shallow' donors with binding energy less then the hydrogenic
value). The calculated results are compared with a simple scaling of the
Heitler-London hydrogenic exchange; the scaled hydrogenic results give the
correct order of magnitude but fail to reproduce quantitatively our
calculations. We calculate the donor exchange in silicon including inter-valley
interference terms for donor pairs along the direction, and also show
the influence of the donor type on the distribution of nearest-neighbour
exchange constants at different concentrations. Our methods can be used to
compute the exchange interactions between two donor electrons with arbitrary
binding energy.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, RevTeX
"Portugiesische Redewendungen" : Fraseologia para aprendizes de L. E.
Rezension zu Stefan Ettinger, Manuela Nunes: Portugiesische Redewendungen – Ein Wörter- und Übungsbuch für Fortgeschrittene. Helmut Buske Verlag Hamburg, 2006, 151 S
Ultraviolet avalanche in anisotropic non-Abelian plasmas
We present solutions of coupled particle-field evolution in classical U(1)
and SU(2) gauge theories in real time on three-dimensional lattices. For
strongly anisotropic particle momentum distributions, we find qualitatively
different behavior for the two theories when the field strength is high enough
that non-Abelian self-interactions matter for SU(2). It appears that the energy
drained by a Weibel-like plasma instability from the particles does not build
up exponentially in transverse magnetic fields but instead returns,
isotropically, to the hard scale via a rapid avalanche into the ultraviolet.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures; v3: small textual changes; updated to
correspond with version to appear in publicatio
KNO scaling of fluctuations in pp and pA, and eccentricities in heavy-ion collisions
Multiplicity fluctuations at midrapidity in p+p collisions at high energies
are described by a negative binomial distribution and exhibit approximate
Koba-Nielsen-Olesen (KNO) scaling. We find that these KNO fluctuations are
important also for reproducing the multiplicity distribution in d+Au collisions
observed at RHIC, adding to the Glauber fluctuations of the number of binary
collisions or participants. We predict that the multiplicity distribution in
p+Pb collisions at the LHC also deviates little from the KNO scaling function.
Finally, we analyze various moments of the eccentricity of the particle
production zone in A+A collisions at RHIC and LHC and find that particle
production fluctuations increase fluctuation dominated moments such as the
triangularity epsilon_3 substantially.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures; v2: updated references and a few minor
modifications, to appear in PR
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Branching ratio change in K- absorption at rest and the nature of the Lambda(1405)
We investigate in-medium corrections to the branching ratio in K- absorption
at rest and their effect on the (positively and negatively) charged pion
spectrum. The in-medium corrections are due to Pauli blocking, which arises if
the Lambda(1405) is assumed to be a -nucleon bound state and leads to
a density and momentum dependent mass shift of the Lambda(1405). Requiring that
the optical potential as well as the branching ratio are derived from the same
elementary T-matrix, we find that the in-medium corrected, density dependent
T-matrix gives a better description of the K- absorption reaction than the
free, density-independent one. This result suggests that the dominant component
of the Lambda(1405) wave function is the bound state.Comment: 8 Pages, Revtex with epsf, and embedded 8 ps figure
MITHEN, S. A pré-história da mente − uma busca das origens da arte, da religião e da ciência
Caracterização geotécnica dos solos da Região de Bom Jesus, Luanda, Angola
Este trabalho tem como principal objectivo, contribuir para a caracterização geológica e geotécnica dos maciços terrosos da região de Bom Jesus, uma das principais áreas interessadas pela futura expansão urbana da cidade de Luanda em Angola, com a finalidade de identificar as potenciais zonas de risco associadas à instabilidade de taludes.
A área de estudo fica situada na região de Bom Jesus, provÃncia de Luanda, municÃpio do Icolo-Bengo, tendo como acesso a estrada nacional (EN120) que liga as cidades de Luanda e N’dalatando, e a estrada principal de Bom Jesus, a qual atravessa a área em estudo.
Na área ocorre uma série sedimentar com uma espessura que admite-se poder ser superior a 4000 m e que está assente em discordância sobre o soco cristalino Pré-Câmbrico, sendo constituÃda por distintas sequências correspondentes a diferentes condições na deposição das formações sedimentares da Bacia do Kwanza, com idades entre o Cretácico inferior e o Quaternário [Morais, 1993]
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