Tunnel junctions for InP-on-Si solar cells

Growing, by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, a tunnel junction is described, which makes possible and ohmic back contact in an n-on-p InP solar cell on a silicon substrate. The junction between heavily doped layers of p-type InGaAs and n-type InP shows resistance low enough not to affect the performance of these cells. InP solar cells made on n-type Si substrates with this structure were measured with an efficiency of 9.9 percent. Controls using p-type GaAs substrates showed no significant difference in cell performance, indicating that the resistance associated with the tunnel junction is less than about 0.1 ohm/sq cm

Oyster Spatfall on Shellstrings in Virginia Rivers: 1978 Annual Summary

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts weekly surveys from June through early October to obtain oyster spatfall information. Spat counts are made from oyster shells strung on wire and suspended from stakes on public and private beds. The number of spat on shells are counted each week of the spawning season to determine the potential of a particular area for receiving a strike and to predict the most likely period the strikes will occur. Shells planted just before the period of maximum set have the best chance of getting a good strike

Nomini Creek, study of some leased oyster grounds in the vicinity of the Route 202 bridge (before construction)

A study of leased oyster planting ground at the site of the proposed new bridge for Route 202 across Nomini Creek was made in December 1981 by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Nansemond River, study of leased oyster grounds in the vicinity of the US 17 bridge (before construction)

Leased oyster ground in the vicinity of the US 17 Bridge across the Nansemond River was sampled in September, October and November of 1978 and January of 1979 by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. ·The purposes were: 1) to determine the extent of the shellfish resources on the leased areas; and 2) to estimate the value of those resoμrces occurring within the proposed right-of-way. Other than one small, isolated lump, the only place oysters were found within the area studied was on three adjacent leases of Henry Parker

Report of sampling conducted in Chuckatuck Creek on leased grounds near the U.S. 17 bridge

This report conveys the results of a study of certain leased oyster grounds in the vicinity of the US 17 Bridge across Chuckatuck Creek. The study was made by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science and School of Marine Science of the College of William and Mary for the Department of Highways and Transportation, Suffolk, Virginia. Purposes of the study were to: 1) provide a description of the shellfish resource prior to construction of a new, wider bridge; 2) estimate the value of the oysters and shell on leased areas within the right-of-way; and, 3) provide a basis for a later study after construction to evaluate possible environmental changes. Sampling for the study was conducted at intervals from late June to mid-August 1979

Oyster Spatfall on Shellstrings in Virginia Rivers: 1976 Annual Summary

The Virginia Institute of M3rine Science (VIMS) conducts weekly surveys from June through early October to obtain oyster spatfall information. Spat counts are made from oyster shells strung on wire and suspended from stakes on public and private beds. The number of spat on shells are counted each week of the spawning season to determine the potential of a particular area for receiving a strike and to predict the most likely period the strikes will occur, Shells planted just before the period of maximum set have the best chance of getting a good strike

A study of the shellfish resource in Brick Kiln Creek, below Route 172, before construction

Sampling of the shellfish resource in the lower part of Brick Kiln (or Wythe) Creek was conducted by personnel of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science during August, October and November of 1978. Live oysters.were found in several places from the bridge downstream t9 the mouth. Observations indicate that the oyster beds here have average growth and normal rates of survival; recruitment is occurring. No other species of commercially valuable shellfish was found

A study of leased oyster ground in Hampton River in the vicinity of the I-64 bridge

In 1975 a study was completed by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) entitled An Environmental Assessment of the Hampton .River and Vicinity. This was for federal project I-64 (142)240 - State Project 0064-114-103. It was completed for Sverdrup and Parcel Consulting Engineers, St. Louis, Missouri. A part of this report consisted of an .evaluation of the molluscan resource in a zone 600 feet wide on either side of the existing bridge. Leased as well as public bottoms were studied. This report concluded that the present level of production and the potential productivity (of the area) are low. Since construction is again planned on I-64, a resurvey of the area was again indicated