BEES. THEIR VISION, CHEMICAL SENSES, AND LANGUAGE by Karl von Frisch

BEES. THEIR VISION, CHEMICAL SENSES, AND LANGUAGE. Karl von Frisch, the University of Munich. Revised edition. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York and London. 157 pages. $7.50 ( 3.50), paperback$2.45

On the Anisotropic Nature of MRI-Driven Turbulence in Astrophysical Disks

The magnetorotational instability is thought to play an important role in enabling accretion in sufficiently ionized astrophysical disks. The rate at which MRI-driven turbulence transports angular momentum is related to both the strength of the amplitudes of the fluctuations on various scales and the degree of anisotropy of the underlying turbulence. This has motivated several studies of the distribution of turbulent power in spectral space. In this paper, we investigate the anisotropic nature of MRI-driven turbulence using a pseudo-spectral code and introduce novel ways to robustly characterize the underlying turbulence. We show that the general flow properties vary in a quasi-periodic way on timescales comparable to 10 inverse angular frequencies motivating the temporal analysis of its anisotropy. We introduce a 3D tensor invariant analysis to quantify and classify the evolution of the anisotropic turbulent flow. This analysis shows a continuous high level of anisotropy, with brief sporadic transitions towards two- and three-component isotropic turbulent flow. This temporal-dependent anisotropy renders standard shell-average, especially when used simultaneously with long temporal averages, inadequate for characterizing MRI-driven turbulence. We propose an alternative way to extract spectral information from the turbulent magnetized flow, whose anisotropic character depends strongly on time. This consists of stacking 1D Fourier spectra along three orthogonal directions that exhibit maximum anisotropy in Fourier space. The resulting averaged spectra show that the power along each of the three independent directions differs by several orders of magnitude over most scales, except the largest ones. Our results suggest that a first-principles theory to describe fully developed MRI-driven turbulence will likely have to consider the anisotropic nature of the flow at a fundamental level.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Ap

Conditioning of pulses from aerosol-particle detectors

Pulse-conditioner translates pulses generated by aerosol-particle detectors to a form acceptable by commercially available pulse height analyzers designed for nuclear-energy spectroscopy

Phase behaviour of attractive and repulsive ramp fluids: integral equation and computer simulation studies

Using computer simulations and a thermodynamically self consistent integral equation we investigate the phase behaviour and thermodynamic anomalies of a fluid composed of spherical particles interacting via a two-scale ramp potential (a hard core plus a repulsive and an attractive ramp) and the corresponding purely repulsive model. Both simulation and integral equation results predict a liquid-liquid de-mixing when attractive forces are present, in addition to a gas-liquid transition. Furthermore, a fluid-solid transition emerges in the neighbourhood of the liquid-liquid transition region, leading to a phase diagram with a somewhat complicated topology. This solidification at moderate densities is also present in the repulsive ramp fluid, thus preventing fluid-fluid separation.Comment: 29 pages, 10 figure

Phase behaviour of the confined lattice gas Lebwohl-Lasher model

The phase behaviour of the Lebwohl-Lasher lattice gas model (one of the simplest representations of a nematogenic fluid) confined in a slab is investigated by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The model is known to yield a first order gas-liquid transition in both the 2D and 3D limits, that is coupled with an orientational order-disorder transition. This latter transition happens to be first order in the 3D limit and it shares some characteristic features with the continuous defect mediated Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in 2D. In this work we will analyze in detail the behaviour of this system taking full advantage of the lattice nature of the model and the particular symmetry of the interaction potential, which allows for the use of efficient cluster algorithms.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Cavitation Inception in Spool Valves

Cavitation has been investigated in directional control valves in order to identify damage mechanisms characteristic of components of aircraft hydraulic systems. Tests have been conducted in a representative metal spool valve and in a model three times larger. Data taken under non-cavitating conditions with both valves showed that the position of the high-velocity annular jet shifts orientation depending upon valve opening and Reynolds number. By means of high-frequency response pressure transducers strategically placed in the valve chamber cavitation could be sensed by the correlation of noise with a cavitation index. The onset of cavitation can be detected by comparing energy spectra for a fixed valve opening and a constant discharge. Another sensitive indicator of cavitation inception is the ratio of cavitating to non-cavitating spectral densities. The incipient cavitation number as defined in this investigation is correlated with the Reynolds number for both valves

VALUING WILDLIFE FOR EFFICIENT MULTIPLE USE: ELK VERSUS CATTLE

A restructuring of current theoretical and empirical research efforts is required if valuation estimates are to be of use in multiple-use policy making, a restructuring that focuses on the impact of recreation quality on recreation benefits and efficient wildlife herd sizes. The argument is illustrated for cattle production and elk management on public lands.Livestock Production/Industries, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Reply to Comment on "Ising Spin Glasses in a Magnetic Field"

The problem of the survival of a spin glass phase in the presence of a field has been a challenging one for a long time. To date, all attempts using equilibrium Monte Carlo methods have been unconclusive. In their comment to our paper, Marinari, Parisi and Zuliani use out-of-equilibrium measurements to test for an Almeida-Thouless line. In our view such a dynamic approach is not based on very solid foundations in finite dimensional systems and so cannot be as compelling as equilibrium approaches. Nevertheless, the results of those authors suggests that there is a critical field near B=0.4 at zero temperature. In view of this quite small value (compared to the mean field value), we have reanalyzed our data. We find that if finite size scaling is to distinguish between that small field and a zero field, we would need to go to lattice sizes of about 20x20x20.Comment: reply to comment cond-mat/9812401 on ref. cond-mat/981141