17 research outputs found

    Dynamic Behaviour of Polycarbonate/Polyurethane Multi-Layer for Transparent Armor

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    This paper deals with the study of the dynamic behaviour of layered Polycarbonate (PC)/Polyurethane (PU) polymers used in lightweight transparent armor bilayer concept. In fact, dimensioning and optimizing this armor concepts need a determination and an understanding of behaviour not only of the multi-layer but also of each component (PC and PU). Thus after an adaptation of dynamic compressive tests in different configurations, it appears that the initial multi-axial prestress of PU is one of the most important parameter for material and layered response. A numerical approach carried out with a monodimensional finite difference code is made to analyze more accurately the system response.L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier le comportement dynamique des feuilletages de Polycarbonate (PC)/Polyuréthanne (PU) utilisés en face arriÚre de concept de blindages légers transparents bicouche. En effet, le dimensionnement de ces concepts et leur optimisation passe par une détermination et compréhension du comportement non seulement du feuilletage, mais aussi de chacun des constituants (PC et PU). Ainsi aprÚs avoir adapté des essais dynamiques de compression et testé diverses configurations, il apparaßt que l'état de précontrainte multi-axiale du PU modifie considérablement son comportement et celui de l'assemblage. Une approche numérique menée à l'aide d'un code monodimensionnel en différences finies permet d'analyser plus finement la réponse de l'ensemble

    Impact damage on silicon carbide : first results

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    L'objectif de ce travail est d'identifier les mécanismes d'endommagement d'une céramique lors d'un impact. Dans de nombreux cas, l'amorçage et la propagation de l'endommagement se trouvent localisés dans le cÎne de fissuration de Hertz [1]. Aussi, les essais d'impact menés sur des carreaux de céramiques ne permettent pas d'obtenir, durant l'essai, d'information sur cette zone. Une nouvelle géométrie de cible dite "allumette" permettant de placer des jauges de fissuration à 1'intérieurs du cÎne a donc été developpée. Les données expérimentales ainsi obtenues, couplées à une analyse microstructurale permettent de valider les résultats d'une simulation numérique effectuée à l'aide d'un code d'éléments finis tridimensionnel.This paper deals with the damage of ceramic materials after impact. The main information on the phenomenology and the kinetic damage are often localized inside the Hertzian cone crack area [1]. With a ceramic tile target, it is not possible to obtain any information during the test. Therefore a new geometry of ceramic target, called "Match" was developed in order to put crack gauge inside the Hertzian cone. The relationship between collected experimental data and microstructural studies allow to validate the results of a three dimensional finite element simulation

    An Experimental Approach to Validate Damage Evolution Laws for Brittle Materials

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    The understanding of damage initiation and evolution mechanisms is essential to model projectile penetration into ceramics. Two original test configurations have been developed to visualize, in real time, the initiation and propagation of damage. Results obtained are adaptable to a more conventional armour configuration in which no real-time visualizations can be done. An anisotropic model for damage initiation and evolution is presented and experimental results are analyzed and compared to those numerically obtained.Pour modĂ©liser la pĂ©nĂ©tration d'un projectile dans une cible en cĂ©ramique, il est au prĂ©alable nĂ©cessaire de comprendre les mĂ©canismes d'initiation et d'Ă©volution de l'endommagement. Deux configurations d'essais originales ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©es afin de pouvoir visualiser en temps rĂ©el l'apparition et la propagation de l'endommagement. Les rĂ©sultats ainsi obtenus sont tout Ă  fait transposables Ă  une configuration de blindage plus conventionnelle oĂč aucune visualisation n'est possible. Les rĂ©sultats expĂ©rimentaux sont analysĂ©s et comparĂ©s Ă  ceux obtenus numĂ©riquement Ă  l'aide d'un modĂšle d'endommagement anisotrope des cĂ©ramiques

    Experimental approach and modeling of the compressive behaviour of two SiC grades

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    To take into account compressive damage in ceramics during a high-energy impact, we first analysed the degradation mechanisms of two SiC grades under quasi-static uniaxial compression. This paper deals with an experimental approach, post-mortem investigations and a probabilistic treatment of the results. A numerical investigation of these tests is performed to understand the phenomenology and explain the results

    Experimental and numerical analysis of the impact behaviour of polycarbonate and polyurethane multilayer

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    The aim of this work is to validate a numerical model for monolithic polycarbonate or polymeric multilayer material in order to adapt them to different impact conditions (type of threat, striking velocity and test temperature). Thus, this paper deals with the experimental and numerical investigations of PC plates impacted at velocities up to 400 m/s for a temperature range between -20°C and 50°C. in this context, impact tests on 6 and 9.7 mm thick polycarbonate plates have been performed. A high speed camera records the target profile during the interaction and the displacement history of the projectile. Photographs of impact on polycarbonate plates show that rupture occurs either by petalling or plugging depending on the projectile striking velocity and on the target thickness. Numerical simulations after fitting procedures agree well with the experimental results and show the temperature and polycarbonate thickness influence on the capacity to absorb the impact energy by plastic deformation

    Composantes hydrologiques des Ă©missions terrestres du gaz Ă  effet de serre N2O

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    Etude rĂ©alisĂ©e pour le compte de l’ADEME dans le cadre de la convention 1660C0003. Rapport intermĂ©diaire[Departement_IRSTEA]GMA [TR1_IRSTEA]11 - VERSEAU / TRANSFEA
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