208 research outputs found
The Pneuma in Luke-Acts
The chief concern of this investigation will be the meaning and use of ÏΜΔÌÏ
ÎŒÏ in Luke-Acts. We shall discuss the term on the basis of all the relevant passages in order to determine the sense or senses in which Luke uses it and then proceed to a consideration of some of the larger problems connected with the concept
Documentation: A Response to Some Critical Questions
Many critical questions have been raised about Synodâs New York resolution on fellowship with the American Lutheran Church(ALC). These questions challenge the reality of the doctrinal agreement and point to many problems and differences in church practice. The following material picks up many of these questions (some from a widely distributed essay, âTo Join or Not to Join,â by Robert Preus), and provides a positive response
The metric and strong coupling limit of the M5-brane
We find the analogue of the Boillat metric of Born-Infeld theory for the
M5-brane. We show that it provides the propagation cone of {\sl all} 5-brane
degrees. In an arbitrary background field, this cone never lies outside the
Einstein cone. An energy momentum tensor for the three-form is defined and
shown to satisfy the Dominant Energy Condition. The theory is shown to be well
defined for all values of the magnetic field but there is a limiting electric
field strength. We consider the strong coupling limit of the M5-brane and show
that the corresponding theory is conformally invariant and admits infinitely
many conservation laws. On reduction to the Born-Infeld case this agrees with
the work of Bia{\l}nicki-Birula.Comment: Version to be published in special issue of JMP, July 2001. Sections
8 and 9 have been remove
BPS states in M-theory and twistorial constituents
We provide a complete algebraic description of BPS states in M-theory in
terms of primary constituents that we call BPS preons. We argue that any BPS
state preserving of the 32 supersymmetries is a composite of (32-k) BPS
preons. In particular, the BPS states corresponding to the basic M2 and M5
branes are composed of 16 BPS preons. By extending the M-algebra to a
generalized D=11 conformal superalgebra we relate the BPS preons
with its fundamental representation, the D=11 supertwistors.Comment: 4 pages. Refs. updated, two cosmetic changes, to appear in PR
Multilevel model to assess sources of variation in follicular growth close to the time of ovulation in women with normal fertility: a multicenter observational study
Mikolajczyk RT, Stanford JB, Ecochard R. Multilevel model to assess sources of variation in follicular growth close to the time of ovulation in women with normal fertility: a multicenter observational study. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2008;6(1): 61.Background:
To assess the amount of variability in ovarian follicular growth rate and maximum follicular diameter related to different centers, women and cycles of the same women in a multicenter observational study of follicular growth.
Methods:
Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study from eight centers in Europe. There were 533 ultrasound examinations in 282 cycles of 107 women with normal fertility. A random effects model with center, woman and cycle as hierarchical units of variation was used to analyze mean follicular diameter on days preceding ovulation.
Results:
Follicular growth did not differ by center. There was homogenous growth across women and cycles, and the maximum follicular diameter before ovulation varied substantially across cycles but not across women. Many (about 40%) women had small maximum follicular diameter on the day before ovulation (<19 mm). Pre-ovulatory cycle length was not related to maximum follicular diameter.
Conclusion:
In normal fecundity, there is a substantial variation in maximum follicular diameter from cycle to cycle based on variation in the duration of follicular development, but the variation could not be explained by different characteristics of different women. Explanation of variation in follicular growth has to be found on the cycle level
G-Structures, Fluxes and Calibrations in M-Theory
We study the most general supersymmetric warped M-theory backgrounds with
non-trivial G-flux of the type R^{1,2} x M_8 and AdS_3 x M_8. We give a set of
necessary and sufficient conditions for preservation of supersymmetry which are
phrased in terms of G-structures and their intrinsic torsion. These equations
may be interpreted as calibration conditions for a static ``dyonic'' M-brane,
that is, an M5-brane with self-dual three-form turned on. When the electric
flux is turned off we obtain the supersymmetry conditions and non-linear PDEs
describing M5-branes wrapped on associative and special Lagrangian three-cycles
in manifolds with G_2 and SU(3) structures, respectively. As an illustration of
our formalism, we recover the 1/2-BPS dyonic M-brane, and also construct some
new examples.Comment: 40 pages; v2: one reference added, typos correcte
Is Cortisol Excretion Independent of Menstrual Cycle Day? A Longitudinal Evaluation of First Morning Urinary Specimens
Background
Cortisol is frequently used as a marker of physiologic stress levels. Using cortisol for that purpose, however, requires a thorough understanding of its normal longitudinal variability. The current understanding of longitudinal variability of basal cortisol secretion in women is very limited. It is often assumed, for example, that basal cortisol profiles do not vary across the menstrual cycle. This is a critical assumption: if cortisol were to follow a time dependent pattern during the menstrual cycle, then ignoring this cyclic variation could lead to erroneous imputation of physiologic stress. Yet, the assumption that basal cortisol levels are stable across the menstrual cycle rests on partial and contradictory evidence. Here we conduct a thorough test of that assumption using data collected for up to a year from 25 women living in rural Guatemala.
Methodology
We apply a linear mixed model to describe longitudinal first morning urinary cortisol profiles, accounting for differences in both mean and standard deviation of cortisol among women. To that aim we evaluate the fit of two alternative models. The first model assumes that cortisol does not vary with menstrual cycle day. The second assumes that cortisol mean varies across the menstrual cycle. Menstrual cycles are aligned on ovulation day (day 0). Follicular days are assigned negative numbers and luteal days positive numbers. When we compared Models 1 and 2 restricting our analysis to days between â14 (follicular) and day 14 (luteal) then day of the menstrual cycle did not emerge as a predictor of urinary cortisol levels (p-value >0.05). Yet, when we extended our analyses beyond that central 28-day-period then day of the menstrual cycle become a statistically significant predictor of cortisol levels.
Significance
The observed trend suggests that studies including cycling women should account for day dependent variation in cortisol in cycles with long follicular and luteal phases
A social dilemma analysis of commuting preferences: The roles of social value orientation and trust
Future therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent joint inflammation. Without adequate treatment, patients with RA will develop joint deformity and progressive functional impairment. With the implementation of treat-to-target strategies and availability of biologic therapies, the outcomes for patients with RA have significantly improved. However, the unmet need in the treatment of RA remains high as some patients do not respond sufficiently to the currently available agents, remission is not always achieved and refractory disease is not uncommon. With better understanding of the pathophysiology of RA, new therapeutic approaches are emerging. Apart from more selective Janus kinase inhibition, there is a great interest in the granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor pathway, Bruton's tyrosine kinase pathway, phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathway, neural stimulation and dendritic cell-based therapeutics. In this review, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of these novel approaches
Supersymmetric string model with 30 kappa--symmetries in an extended D=11 superspace and 30/ 32 BPS states
A supersymmetric string model in the D=11 superspace maximally extended by
antisymmetric tensor bosonic coordinates, , is proposed. It
possesses 30 -symmetries and 32 target space supersymmetries. The usual
preserved supersymmetry--symmetry correspondence suggests that it
describes the excitations of a BPS state preserving all but two
supersymmetries. The model can also be formulated in any superspace, n=32 corresponding to D=11. It may also be treated as a
`higher--spin generalization' of the usual Green--Schwarz superstring. Although
the global symmetry of the model is a generalization of the super--Poincar\'e
group, , it may be
formulated in terms of constrained OSp(2n|1) orthosymplectic supertwistors. We
work out this supertwistor realization and its Hamiltonian dynamics.
We also give the supersymmetric p-brane generalization of the model. In
particular, the supersymmetric membrane model describes
excitations of a 30/32 BPS state, as the supersymmetric
string does, while the supersymmetric 3-brane and 5-brane correspond,
respectively, to 28/32 and 24/32 BPS states.Comment: 23 pages, RevTex4. V2: minor corrections in title and terminology,
some references and comments adde
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