Wavenet based low rate speech coding

Traditional parametric coding of speech facilitates low rate but provides poor reconstruction quality because of the inadequacy of the model used. We describe how a WaveNet generative speech model can be used to generate high quality speech from the bit stream of a standard parametric coder operating at 2.4 kb/s. We compare this parametric coder with a waveform coder based on the same generative model and show that approximating the signal waveform incurs a large rate penalty. Our experiments confirm the high performance of the WaveNet based coder and show that the speech produced by the system is able to additionally perform implicit bandwidth extension and does not significantly impair recognition of the original speaker for the human listener, even when that speaker has not been used during the training of the generative model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

The effect of light, floor space, and form of feed upon cannibalism, body weight, feed conversion, and mortality in broilers, Station Bulletin, no.471

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

Growth and feed standards for broilers -- 1963, Station Bulletin, no.478

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

Growth and feed standards for broilers -- 1959, Station Bulletin, no.466

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

Impact of functional group types in ion exchange resins on rare earth element recovery from treated acid mine waters

Ion-exchange (IX) resins incorporating single functional groups (sulfonic or amino-phosphonic) and two functional groups (sulfonic and phosphonic) were evaluated for selective recovery of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) from acidic mine waters (AMW). The composition of AMW solution, complexing properties of the functional group, and acidity were investigated as key parameters for concentration and separation of REEs from transition elements (TEs). Fe has to be removed from AMW to enable REE recovery and here the AMW was treated with NaOH solutions to reach pH 3.9 where Fe(III) was selectively removed (≤99%) by precipitation of schwertmannite. Single functional IX resin containing a sulfonic group displayed a higher REE recovery efficiency and separation ratio than observed for the bi-functional resin (sulfonic/phosphonic). Concentration factors for REEs between 30 and 40 were achieved using regeneration cycles with H2SO4. The performance of the aminophosphonic resin showed lower separation factors for REEs from TEs than the two resins containing sulfonic groups. IX resins performance was improved by tuning the acidity to match the functional group reactivity, where pH adjustment to the range of 0.5-2.0 provided the highest REE/TE separation factor for the single sulfonic resin followed by the bifunctional resin. The integration of an elution cycle using Na2-EDTA/NH4Cl mixtures strongly increases the concentration factors of REE and Light REE (LREE) concentration factors of up to 260 were achieved for the single functional sulfonic resin