Malignant mixed Mullerian tumors of the uterus: histopathological evaluation of cell cycle and apoptotic regulatory proteins

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>The aim of our study was to evaluate survival outcomes in malignant mixed Mullerian tumors (MMMT) of the uterus with respect to the role of cell cycle and apoptotic regulatory proteins in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>23 cases of uterine MMMT identified from the Saskatchewan Cancer Agency (1970-1999) were evaluated. Immunohistochemical expression of Bad, Mcl-1, bcl-x, bak, mdm2, bax, p16, p21, p53, p27, EMA, Bcl-2, Ki67 and PCNA was correlated with clinico-pathological data including survival outcomes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Histopathological examination confirmed malignant epithelial component with homologous (12 cases) and heterologous (11 cases) sarcomatous elements. P53 was strongly expressed (70-95%) in 15 cases and negative in 5 cases. The average survival in the p53+ve cases was 3.56 years as opposed to 8.94 years in p53-ve cases. Overexpression of p16 and Mcl-1 were observed in patients with longer survival outcomes (> 2 years). P16 and p21 were overexpressed in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements respectively. Cyclin-D1 was focally expressed only in the carcinomatous elements.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our study supports that a) cell cycle and apoptotic regulatory protein dysregulation is an important pathway for tumorigenesis and b) p53 is an important immunoprognostic marker in MMMT of the uterus.</p

Nitrogen Species Transformations of Sewage Effluent Releases in a Desert Stream Channel

From the Proceedings of the 1972 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona Academy of Science - May 5-6, 1972, Prescott, ArizonaA preliminary study was made with the objective of examining nitrogen species transformations of treated sewage effluent releases within the channel of an ephemeral stream, the Santa Cruz River of southern Arizona. Water quality samples were taken at established locations in sequence so that peak daily flows could be traced as the effluent moved downstream. Results indicate that increased nitrification, coinciding with changing stream characteristics, starts in the vicinity of Cortaro Road (6.3 river miles from the Tucson Sewage Treatment Plant discharge). Through physical-chemical changes in streamflow, nitrate -nitrogen values reach a maximum at approximately 90-95 percent and 60-80 percent of total flow distance for low flows and high flows, respectively. Concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen and total nitrogen decrease continuously downstream with both high and low flows. Therefore, the rate of nitrification within sewage effluent releases in a desert stream channel evidently is related to flow distance and physical characteristics of the stream.This article is part of the Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest collections. Digital access to this material is made possible by the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science and the University of Arizona Libraries. For more information about items in this collection, contact [email protected]

Extended Use of Treated Municipal Wastewater by the Buckeye Irrigation Company: A Documentation of Effects

Project Completion Report, OWRT Project No. A-050-ARIZ. / Agreement No. 14-31-0001-5003 / Project Dates: July 1974 - June 1976. / The work upon which this publication was based was supported in part by funds provided by the Office of Water Research and Technology (A-050-ARIZ), U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., as authorized by the Water Research and Development Act of 1978.INTRODUCTION: The use of treated sewage effluent by the Buckeye Irrigation Company began with 800 acre -feet in 1962 and had increased to 40,000 a.f. by 1968. The effluent was diverted by the Buckeye Irrigation Company from the Gila River approximately seven miles below the City of Phoenix 91st Avenue treatment plant, as it became available at their diversion point. Natural streamflow, used in earlier years, had virtually stopped due to upstream development except in heavy runoff years such as 1941. The ground water in the district of the Buckeye Irrigation Company is relatively high in dissolved solids. The quality of the treated effluent is better. In 1971 the company signed a 40 -year contract with Phoenix to assure its use of 30,000 a.f. of effluent per year. The effluent is mixed with native ground water to bring the total water applied on the 18,000-acre district up to approximately 90,000 a.f. (Halpenny, 1973). The treated effluent use by the Buckeye Irrigation Company is the largest in the State of Arizona and one of the largest land applications of treated effluent in the United States. It is unique in that it is being utilized by an irrigation district. Most other uses have been by city operated farms or private farms under a single ownership. In spite of its uniqueness the effects of effluent use by the Buckeye Irrigation District had not, prior to this research, been well documented. This documentation was made in order to improve the general knowledge needed to extend this type of use to other areas in the state and nation. "Widespread consideration and utilization of land application cannot be made until such time as adequate information concerning the technique involved is made available. The experience gained by those who have successfully utilized this wastewater management should be used... specific evaluation of established systems in the various climatic zones would appear to be more fruitful than new research installations for determining long term effects on soils, vegetation, ground water and the indigenous ecology..." (Sullivan, et al., 1973). During the two year research period most of the initial objectives were achieved. The original specific objectives were: 1. To identify changes during an extended period of application of treated wastewater to irrigated fields in: a. irrigation practices b. cropping patterns c. fertilization practices d. crop yield response and quality e. quality of irrigation water, and f. soil properties. 2. To make a preliminary evaluation of the effects of the use of effluent on ground-water conditions. 3. To make a preliminary evaluation of changes in water costs and farm profits.One copyrighted article, Commercial Production of Wheat Grain Irrigated with Municipal Waste Water and Pump Water, removed from Appendix A.This item is part of the Water Resources Research Center collection. It was digitized from a physical copy provided by the Water Resources Research Center at The University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact the Center, (520) 621-9591 or see http://wrrc.arizona.edu

Toxicity of Sodium Molybdate and Sodium Dichromate to Daphnia magna Straus Evaluated in Acute, Chronic, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Tests

As a result of a widespread application in numerous industrial processes, chromium is a contaminant of many environmental systems. Chromium and their compounds are toxic to both invertebrates and vertebrates and, for this reason, there has been a search for suitable and less toxic alternatives. Molybdenum compounds have been studied as alternative to chromium compounds for some industrial applications. The toxicity of chromium is well known but the effects of molybdenum and molybdenum mining on natural populations and communities of freshwater invertebrates have not often been studied. However, chromium, and molybdenum (and their compounds) are included in the same list (List II) of European Union dangerous substances. In this study, the acute and chronic effects of sodium molybdate and sodium dichromate to Daphnia magna Straus were evaluated. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo effects of these two metals on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of D. magna Straus were investigated. LC50 values determined at 48 h were 0.29 and 2847.5 mg L-1 for chromium (as sodium dichromate) and molybdenum (as sodium molybdate), respectively. No significant in vitro effects of both metals on AChE were found. However, both toxicants inhibited AChE in vivo at concentrations under the respective 48-h LC50 values. Both sodium dichromate and sodium molybdate inhibited the reproduction and growth of D. magna, but the concentrations inducing significant effects were different for the two chemicals. Sodium molybdate had significant lower toxicity to D. magna Straus than sodium dichromate.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WDM-45F558P-34/1/d90649021ed4b14cef54a1cad8cba55

Sarcoma intimal de artéria pulmonar: um diagnóstico diferencial do tromboembolismo pulmonar crônico Intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery: a differential diagnosis of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism

O sarcoma intimal de artéria pulmonar é um tumor raro e potencialmente letal, de diagnóstico difícil e, muitas vezes, tardio. Os sinais e sintomas clínicos são inespecíficos, simulando com frequência o tromboembolismo pulmonar crônico (TEPC). Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 45 anos em tratamento de TEPC associado com hipertensão arterial pulmonar e cor pulmonale crônico, sem resposta ao uso de anticoagulantes e sildenafil. Ressaltamos as dificuldades para o diagnóstico do sarcoma intimal de artéria pulmonar, a necessidade de se pesquisar essa neoplasia no diagnóstico diferencial do TEPC e a utilização sistemática de critérios para a adequada indicação dos novos medicamentos para a hipertensão arterial pulmonar.<br>Intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare and potentially lethal tumor, the diagnosis of which is difficult and therefore frequently delayed. The clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific, often mimicking chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (CPTE). We report the case of a 45-year-old male under treatment for CPTE associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale. There was no response to treatment with anticoagulants and sildenafil. We emphasize the difficulties in diagnosing intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery, the need to investigate this neoplasm in the differential diagnosis of CPTE and the systematic use of criteria for the appropriate prescription of new medications for pulmonary artery hypertension

Biochemical Properties of Bioplastics Made from Wheat Gliadins Cross-Linked with Cinnamaldehyde

[EN] The aim of this work has been to study the modification of gliadin films with cinnamaldehyde as a potential crosslinker agent. The molecular weight profile and cross-linking density showed that cinnamaldehyde increased reticulation in the resulting films. The participation of free amino groups of the protein in the newly created entanglements could be a possible mechanism of connection between the polypeptidic chains. The combination of a Schiff base and a Michael addition is a feasible approach to understanding this mechanism. The protein solubility in different media pointed to lower participation by both noncovalent and disulfide bonds in stabilizing the structure of the cross-linked films. The new covalent bonds formed by the cinnamaldehyde treatment hampered water absorption and weight loss, leading to more water-resistant matrices which had not disintegrated after 5 months. The properties of this novel bioplastic could be modified to suit the intended application by using cinnamaldehyde, a naturally occurring compound.We thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for financial support (Projects AGL2006-02176 and AGL2009-08776 and M.P.B.'s FPI fellowship).Pau Balaguer, M.; Gomez-Estaca, J.; Gavara Clemente, R.; Hernandez-Munoz, P. (2011). Biochemical Properties of Bioplastics Made from Wheat Gliadins Cross-Linked with Cinnamaldehyde. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 59(24):13212-13220. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf203055sS1321213220592