Water in Metro Cebu: The Case for Policy and Institutional Reforms

Over the past decade, Metro Cebu has been rapidly moving toward growth and industrialization contributing as much as 70 percent to Visayas’ industrial output. However, associated with this progress are the concerns of various sectors about the quality of water services. Only 23 percent of the total households and a very small portion of industrial and commercial sectors are serviced by the Metro Cebu Water District. Hence, the large majority of households, industrial and commercial firms have to rely on private wells and private water vendors. This paper examines the policy and institutional factors that may be preventing the efficient, equitable and sustainable Metro Cebu’s water resource management. It also provides policy areas through which policy and institutional reforms can be implemented.water sector, water allocation, governance

Phase diagram and structural properties of a simple model for one-patch particles

We study the thermodynamic and structural properties of a simple, one-patch fluid model using the reference hypernetted-chain (RHNC) integral equation and specialized Monte Carlo simulations. In this model, the interacting particles are hard spheres, each of which carries a single identical, arbitrarily-oriented, attractive circular patch on its surface; two spheres attract via a simple square-well potential only if the two patches on the spheres face each other within a specific angular range dictated by the size of the patch. For a ratio of attractive to repulsive surface of 0.8, we construct the RHNC fluid-fluid separation curve and compare with that obtained by Gibbs ensemble and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. We find that RHNC provides a quick and highly reliable estimate for the position of the fluid-fluid critical line. In addition, it gives a detailed (though approximate) description of all structural properties and their dependence on patch size.Comment: 27 pages, 10 figures, J. Chem. Phys. in pres

Controlling selective stimulations below a spinal cord hemisection using brain recordings with a neural interface system approach.

In this work we address the use of realtime cortical recordings for the generation of coherent, reliable and robust motor activity in spinal-lesioned animals through selective intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS). The spinal cord of adult rats was hemisectioned and groups of multielectrodes were implanted in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the spinal cord below the lesion level to establish a neural system interface (NSI). To test the reliability of this new NSI connection, highly repeatable neural responses recorded from the CNS were used as a pattern generator of an open-loop control strategy for selective ISMS of the spinal motoneurons. Our experimental procedure avoided the spontaneous non-controlled and non-repeatable neural activity that could have generated spurious ISMS and the consequent undesired muscle contractions. Combinations of complex CNS patterns generated precisely coordinated, reliable and robust motor actions

Public transportation demand model for low density territories

In the course of recent years, there has been a gradual progressive deterioration in some territories, which is caused by economic problems, lack of job opportunities, deficiencies in mobility, among other problems that affect these territories. This deterioration has been causing a reduction in its population and therefore an emigration to large cities where the needs in economic, social and welfare terms can be met in a less complex way. The territories that have been presenting these affectations are denominated territories of low population density. For the specific case analyzed in this study, continental Portugal owns 59% of the municipalities as low density territories (LDT) (this is equivalent to 165 municipalities) [1]. Knowing the importance of public transport to the population of LDT (since it may be the only option to be mobilized) and considering that degradation of the public transportation (PT) increases the problems of isolation of these populations. This study aims to determine which factors (variables) have more influence in the estimation of the demand of public bus transportation for the LDT in mainland Portugal. In addition, a model is proposed to estimate the demand for these low-density territories. The mathematical model of multiple linear regression (MLR) is used based on the most influential socioeconomic and demographic variables for LDT. The model was developed with the statistical tool SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences). The estimated model presented an adjustment of 87%, taking into account the variables of number of illiterate people, population density and purchasing power. In addition, an analysis by regions (NUTS II classification) was carried out to determine which region presents a lower error percentage in the estimations. From this analysis it can be concluded that the northern region with 88% of municipalities (equivalent to 36 LDT) presents an estimate of error lower than 50%.(undefined

Varayti ng Wikang Sugbuanuong Binisaya sa Hilagang Cebu

This study aims to describe the variety of the Sugbuanong Binisaya Language in Northern part pf Cebu particularly the morphological structures It specifically answers the following 1 words 2 meaning 3 types of morpheme 4 word forms 5 part of speech It anchored on the Sociolinguistic Theory and used qualitative method to analyze descriptively the data gathered Based on the data presented the variety of Sugbuanong Binisaya Language particularly the morphological structures describes the following most of the words are not the same spelling but some are the same the meaning of the words are the same there are two types of morpheme such as base morphemes and affixes word forms are simple words with affixes and compound words and part of speech such as nouns verbs adjective and adverbs The results of the study concluded that there are different varieties of Sugbuanong Binisaya Language in Northern part of Cebu in any situation That is why it recommends to further study about the phonology and syntax structure

Pagkokonsepto ng mga Deboto sa Pananalig sa Batang Hesus

This study aims to formulate a collective concept of faith to Santo Ni o from the different contexts of the devotees in Cebu It specifically answers three aspects meaning of faith experiences of faith effects to life Qualitative design was used in the study through katutubong pamamaraan ni Enriquez 1975 such as pakikipag-usap pagtatanung-tanong and pakikipagpalagayang-loob The study anchored in Filipino Psychology of Enriquez 1975 that refers to the psychology born out of the experience thought and orientation of the Filipinos based on the full use of Filipino culture and language The approach is one of indigenization from within whereby the theoretical framework and methodology emerge from the experiences of the people from the indigenous culture Pe-Pua et al 2000 The findings of the study reveal that the devotees beliefs to miracles of Santo Ni o made them believe to the saint Because they get miracles by the saint it intensifies their faith that resulted to become more positive in life Based on the findings the study concluded that the faith of the devotees is connected to all miracles experienced from the saint that lead them to be more optimistic in life Thus the study recommends that the relationship of faith and devotion will be focused in the future studie

Urban Water Pricing: The Metro Manila and Metro Cebu Cases

Water is a critical commodity for human survival and a scarce resource that must be appropriately priced to ensure that it is not wastefully and unsuitably consumed. This Notes offers an optimal pricing scheme, together with suggestions on the improvement of the overall water resource management that could provide the proper environment by which such pricing scheme can succeed.urban management, water sector, water demand

Effects of patch size and number within a simple model of patchy colloids

We report on a computer simulation and integral equation study of a simple model of patchy spheres, each of whose surfaces is decorated with two opposite attractive caps, as a function of the fraction $\chi$ of covered attractive surface. The simple model explored --- the two-patch Kern-Frenkel model --- interpolates between a square-well and a hard-sphere potential on changing the coverage $\chi$. We show that integral equation theory provides quantitative predictions in the entire explored region of temperatures and densities from the square-well limit $\chi = 1.0$ down to $\chi \approx 0.6$. For smaller $\chi$, good numerical convergence of the equations is achieved only at temperatures larger than the gas-liquid critical point, where however integral equation theory provides a complete description of the angular dependence. These results are contrasted with those for the one-patch case. We investigate the remaining region of coverage via numerical simulation and show how the gas-liquid critical point moves to smaller densities and temperatures on decreasing $\chi$. Below $\chi \approx 0.3$, crystallization prevents the possibility of observing the evolution of the line of critical points, providing the angular analog of the disappearance of the liquid as an equilibrium phase on decreasing the range for spherical potentials. Finally, we show that the stable ordered phase evolves on decreasing $\chi$ from a three-dimensional crystal of interconnected planes to a two-dimensional independent-planes structure to a one-dimensional fluid of chains when the one-bond-per-patch limit is eventually reached.Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures, J. Chem. Phys. in pres

Influence of polydispersity on the critical parameters of an effective potential model for asymmetric hard sphere mixtures

We report a Monte Carlo simulation study of the properties of highly asymmetric binary hard sphere mixtures. This system is treated within an effective fluid approximation in which the large particles interact through a depletion potential (R. Roth {\em et al}, Phys. Rev. E{\bf 62} 5360 (2000)) designed to capture the effects of a virtual sea of small particles. We generalize this depletion potential to include the effects of explicit size dispersity in the large particles and consider the case in which the particle diameters are distributed according to a Schulz form having degree of polydispersity 14%. The resulting alteration (with respect to the monodisperse limit) of the metastable fluid-fluid critical point parameters is determined for two values of the ratio of the diameters of the small and large particles: $q\equiv\sigma_s/\bar\sigma_b=0.1$ and $q=0.05$. We find that inclusion of polydispersity moves the critical point to lower reservoir volume fractions of the small particles and high volume fractions of the large ones. The estimated critical point parameters are found to be in good agreement with those predicted by a generalized corresponding states argument which provides a link to the known critical adhesion parameter of the adhesive hard sphere model. Finite-size scaling estimates of the cluster percolation line in the one phase fluid region indicate that inclusion of polydispersity moves the critical point deeper into the percolating regime. This suggests that phase separation is more likely to be preempted by dynamical arrest in polydisperse systems.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure