La mise en tourisme et le développement local par la création d’une atmosphère gastronomique. Analyse à partir du cas de Vonnas

Vonnas montre l’exemple d’une mise en tourisme et d’une dynamique de développement local portées par un cuisinier entrepreneur, Georges Blanc, qui ancre son parcours économique et son orientation culinaire dans une longue tradition familiale. La stratégie de développement socioéconomique et culturelle du cuisinier, fondée sur l’innovation entrepreneuriale et sur la créativité culinaire, a conduit à l’émergence d’un lieu caractérisé par une singulière concentration d’activités orientées vers la gastronomie : le Village Gourmand. Fondée sur l’identité bressanne, cette atmosphère gastronomique favorise la mise en place des conditions nécessaires au développement local. Georges Blanc va engager une théâtralisation de cette atmosphère gastronomique afin de la rendre pleinement accessible et compréhensible par les touristes. Cette théâtralisation autorise la co-production de l’expérience touristique et, finalement, de la destination touristique gourmande

Bacterial community structure associated with the addition of nitrogen and the dynamics of soluble carbon in the rhizosphere of canola (Brassica napus) grown in a Podzol

Little is known about the community structure of bacteria in the rhizosphere of canola during growth. This study was conducted to characterize the community structure of soil bacteria in relation to soluble-C dynamics in a Podzol during the growth of canola. Next generation sequencing of 16S rDNA characterized the main bacterial communities in a Podzol that was unplanted (soil alone), and planted to canola (Brassica napus) with and without N-fertilizer addition. PERMANOVA and ANOVA analysis showed that the number of operational taxonomic units and the relative abundance of bacteria were higher in canola rhizosphere than in soil alone for phyla, classes, orders and families. In soil alone and at the family level, communities of Acidobacteriaceae, Micrococcaceae, Nocardioidaceae, Intrasporangiaceae and Nitrosomonadaceae had the highest relative abundances (sequence reads ranged from 1,000 to 3,000). In the rhizosphere, communities of Sphingomonadaceae, Bacillaceae, Gaiellaceae, Micrococcaceae and Intrasporangiaceae presented the highest relative abundance (sequence reads ranged from ~8,000 to 23,000). The addition of N-fertilizer increased the relative abundance of bacteria in 5 families, decreased those in 39 and did not affect the communities in 56 other families. A two-way ANOVA showed that management, inclusive of canola and N-fertilizer, had the largest (87%) effect on the total relative abundance of soil bacteria and soluble-C content. Polynomial regression models of second order showed a close relation between the relative abundance of bacteria and soluble-C content during crop growth. We suggest that diffusional constraints depleted soluble-C in the vicinity of microbial communities to a growth limiting concentration more frequently in the soil alone than in canola rhizosphere

Escherichia coli in animals

Escherichia coli is the most widely studied bacterium over the world. It is well known that E. coli is the predominant non-pathogenic microbiota of warm blood species; however, some strains have developed the ability to cause severe diseases. Taking into account the diversity in American countries, this chapter examines the complex situation of puzzling intestinal pathogenic E. coli, also called diarrheagenic, (enteropathogenic E. coli, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteroaggregative E. coli, enteroinvasive E. coli, diffusely adherent E. coli), and extra-intestinal E. coli (uropathogenic E. coli, neonatal meningitis-associated E. coli, avian pathogenic E. coli, sepsis-associated E. coli, mammary pathogenic E. coli, endometrial pathogenic E. coli, and necrotoxigenic E. coli) in animals. In addition to E. coli associated animal diseases, the role of carriers and reservoirs are presented, including the last regional references from synanthropic and wild animals. Findings of the last 5 years are discussed and data of the eco-epidemiology of E. coli is also included. Considering the concept of One Health, that recognizes that health of humans is connected to health of animals and the environment, the strategies to diminish illness in human population cannot exclude control and vigilance of pathogenic strains in animals. However, in E. coli control, strategies distinguish between those strains that produce animal illness and those that affect humans and have an animal reservoir. The different proposed ways to E. coli control are also discussed.Fil: Etcheverría, Analía Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Lucchesi, Paula Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Krüger, Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Bentancor, Adriana Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Padola, Nora Lía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentin