Guideline for sustainable wetland management and utilization: key cornerstones

This research report is based on the project on Wetlands, Livelihoods and Environmental Security and the Sustainable management of Inland Wetlands in Southern Africa: a livelihoods and ecosystem approach projects. The projects were supported by the CGIAR´s Challenge Programme on Water and Food (CPWF) and the Global Environment facility with matching funds from International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), FSP and the University of Zimbabwe (UZ) The authors acknowledge input by the entire project team. The support of IWMI, UEM, and the UZ, and Institute de Recherche pour le Development (IRD) during project implementation is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank the input of CPWF Theme 3 leadership and the Limpopo Basin Coordinator during project implementation

Manifestaciones neurológicas en pacientes pediátricos con fenilcetonuria. Revisión bibliográfica

La fenilcetonuria (PKU) es una enfermedad congénita de herencia autosómica recesiva, en la que existe el déficit de la enzima fenilalanina hidroxilasa, que produce lesión del sistema nervioso central (SNC). La incidencia mundial es de 1:20.000 recién nacidos vivos. (1,2) El tratamiento es a base de dieta con restricción de fenilalanina que debe mantenerse para toda la vida para prevenir el deterioro intelectual. (3,4) OBJETIVO: Identificar manifestaciones neurológicas de pacientes pediátricos con PKU. METODOLOGIA: Revisión bibliográfica de la literatura acerca de las manifestaciones neurológicas para PKU mediante la búsqueda electrónica en varias bases de datos (MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, LILACS, PubMed) con límites en inglés y español de enero de 1970 a 2012. RESULTADOS: Se identifica un estudio transversal, un caso clínico, tres revisiones narrativas en poblaciones pediátricas y un caso clínico combinado niños y adultos. La discapacidad intelectual es la principal manifestación neurológica, el criterio diagnóstico primordial fue el valor sérico de fenilalanina. Existen 29 clasificaciones distintas sobre el punto de corte para hiperfenilalaninemia y 23 para fenilcetonuria.Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a congenital autosomal recessive disease in which there is a shortage of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which produces an injury to the central nervous system (CNS). The global incidence is about 1:20,000 live newborns. (1.2) The treatment is based on phenylalanine restricted diet which should be maintained for lifelong to prevent intellectual impairment. OBJECTIVE: To identify neurological manifestations of pediatric patients with PKU. METHODOLOGY: A review of the literature on the neurological manifestations for PKU by searching several electronic databases (MEDLINE , EMBASE, Cochrane , LILACS , PubMed) with English and Spanish limits from January 1970-2012. RESULTS: One cross-sectional study, one clinical case, three narrative reviews in pediatric populations and one clinical case combine children and adults. Intellectual disability is the main neurological manifestation; the primary diagnostic criterion was the serum level of phenylalanine. There are 29 different classifications on the cutoff to hyperphenylalaninemia and 23 for phenylketonuria.Cuenc