(In)dependência funcional na dependente relação de homens tetraplégicos com seus (in)substituíveis pais/cuidadores

Objetivou-se identificar elementos da classificação internacional de funcionalidade, incapacidade e saúde, aplicáveis ao cuidado domiciliar de homens adultos tetraplégicos, com vistas à redução da dependência de ajuda de seus pais para as atividades da vida diária, e o autocuidado. Os dados foram coletados de junho de 2004 a março de 2005, a partir de entrevista semi-estruturada, realizada com 8 adultos acometidos de lesão medular alta, e com experiência de usuários do cuidado domiciliar. Optou-se pela análise de conteúdo, a partir das categorias de significados pautadas nos seguintes resultados: suporte familiar: segurança para as funções corporais do incapacitado; tecnologia assistiva: inventividades para promoção da qualidade do cuidado; medos, futuro incerto e perda dos pais: limiares e fragilidades humanas; e ganhos funcionais: respostas objetivas das funções corporais. Conclui-se que o apoio da família e, em especial, a presença dos pais, são fundamentais para enfrentar as limitações e reagir na busca de equilíbrio na deficiência, incapacidade, desvantagem e saúde dessa clientela, preparando-a para o alcance de gradativos ganhos funcionais e independência para atividades cotidianas e autocuidado.El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar elementos de la clasificación internacional de funcionalidad, incapacidad y salud, aplicables al cuidado domiciliario de hombres adultos cuadripléjicos, con el fin de reducir la dependencia de la ayuda de sus padres en las actividades de la vida diaria y el autocuidado. Los datos fueron reunidos entre junio de 2004 y marzo de 2005, sobre la base de una entrevista semiestructurada efectuada a 8 adultos que sufrían de lesión medular alta y que recibían normalmente cuidado domiciliario. Se optó por el sistema de análisis de contenidos a partir de las categorías de significados pautados en los siguientes resultados: apoyo familiar: seguridad para las funciones corporales del discapacitado; tecnología de apoyo: soporte tecnológico para optimizar la calidad de los cuidados; miedos; futuro incierto y pérdida de los padres: los umbrales y las fragilidades humanas; y ganancias funcionales: respuestas objetivas de las funciones corporales. Se concluyó en que el apoyo familiar y, en particular, la presencia de los padres, son fundamentales para enfrentar las limitaciones y reaccionar en la búsqueda de equilibrios en la deficiencia, incapacidad, desventajas y salud de tales pacientes, preparándolos para alcanzar en forma gradual mejoras funcionales e independencia para realizar actividades diarias y ocuparse del autocuidado.The objective of this study was to identify elements of the international classification of functioning, disability and health, applicable to quadriplegic men's home care, to reduce the dependence on their parents' help for activities of daily living and self-care. Data were collected from June 2004 to March 2005. Semi-structured interviews were performed with eight adults with high spinal cord lesions who were being cared for at home . Content analysis was performed based on the categories of meaning extrapolated and the following themes were discovered : family support: safety for the corporal functions of the disabled; supporting technology: inventiveness to promote quality care; fears, uncertain future and parents' loss: thresholds and human fragilities; and functional gains: objective response of body functions. In conclusion, family support, and especially the presence of parents, is fundamental to facing limitations and to reacting in the search for balance with the deficiency, disability, disadvantage and health of that population, preparing them to achieve gradual functional gain and independence for daily activities and self-care

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Physical activity and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling elders from southern Brazil Atividade física e sintomas depressivos em idosos sul-brasileiros da comunidade

OBJECTIVE: To determine the existence of a relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling elders. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study, which included 379 community-dwelling elders from Novo Hamburgo, state of RS, Brazil. The level of physical activity was estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and depressive symptoms were diagnosed according to the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale. The association between the level of physical activity and depressive symptoms was analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS: A tendency towards a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms was observed in individuals with higher levels of physical activity, both in the sample as a whole as well as among men, but not among women (p for linear trend 0.04, 0.03 and 0.36, respectively). The odds ratio of the presence of depressive symptoms in the very active group as compared against that of the insufficiently active group was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.12-0.86) for men and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.39-1.46) for women. CONCLUSION: In this population of aged individuals, more intense physical activity is related to a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. As shown by gender stratification, physical activity is inversely related to depressive symptoms in men, albeit not in women.<br>OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre atividade física e sintomas depressivos em idosos da comunidade. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base populacional que incluiu 379 idosos da comunidade da cidade de Novo Hamburgo-RS, Brasil. O nível de atividade física foi estimado pelo Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física e os sintomas depressivos foram diagnosticados por meio da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de Yesavage. A associação entre nível de atividade física e sintomas depressivos foi analisada por regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Foi observada uma tendência a menor prevalência de sintomas depressivos em indivíduos com níveis mais altos de atividade física na amostra como um todo e entre os homens, mas não entre as mulheres (p = 0,04, 0,03 e 0,36, respectivamente). O odds ratio para a presença de sintomas depressivos no grupo muito ativo, quando comparado com o grupo insuficientemente ativo, foi de 0,32 (IC 95%: 0,12-0,86) para homens e 0,76 (IC 95%: 0,39-1,46) para mulheres. CONCLUSÃO: Nesta população de idosos, a atividade física mais intensa está relacionada com uma menor prevalência de sintomas depressivos. Como demonstrado pela estratificação por gênero, a atividade física está inversamente relacionada com sintomas depressivos em homens, mas não em mulheres

Hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis

Water electrolysis is one of the simplest methods used for hydrogen production. It has the advantage of being able to produce hydrogen using only renewable energy. To expand the use of water electrolysis, it is mandatory to reduce energy consumption, cost, and maintenance of current electrolyzers, and, on the other hand, to increase their efficiency, durability, and safety. In this study, modern technologies for hydrogen production by water electrolysis have been investigated. In this article, the electrochemical fundamentals of alkaline water electrolysis are explained and the main process constraints (e.g., electrical, reaction, and transport) are analyzed. The historical background of water electrolysis is described, different technologies are compared, and main research needs for the development of water electrolysis technologies are discussed