Surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion on surface sealant agent coupled interim crown materials after dynamic loading.

BACKGROUND With the application of surface sealant agents, smooth surfaces can be achieved in a shorter time when compared with conventional polishing. However, studies on the performance of these agents against chewing forces are not many. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion on surface sealent coupled interim prosthetic materials after chewing simulation. METHODS One hundred and twelve specimens were fabricated from two poly(methyl methacrylate) (Tab 2000, Dentalon Plus) and two bis-acryl (Tempofit, Protemp 4) interim crown materials and divided into 4 groups (n = 7) according to applied surface treatment: conventional polishing (control) and 3 surface sealant (Palaseal, Optiglaze, Biscover) coupling methods. The surface roughness values (Ra) were measured with a profilometer before (Ra0) and after aging through dynamic loading in a multifunctional chewing simulator for 10,000 cycles at 50 N load combined with integral thermocycling (between 5 and 55 °C) (Ra1). Specimens were incubated with Streptococcus mutans suspension and the total number of adherent bacteria was calculated by multiplying the counted bacterial colonies with the dilution coefficient. RESULTS Surface sealant agent application significantly decreased the surface roughness compared with conventionally polished specimens, except for Optiglaze or BisCover LV applied Protemp 4 and Palaseal or Biscover LV applied Tempofit. Surface roughness after dynamic loading showed a statistically significant increase in all groups, except for the control groups of Tab 2000 and Protemp 4. A positive correlation was found between surface roughness values of interim prosthodontic materials and the quantitiy of Streptococcus Mutans. CONCLUSIONS Even though surface sealant agent application significantly decreased the surface roughness compared with conventionally polished specimens, dynamic loading significantly increased the surface roughness of all surface sealant coupled materials. The Ra values of all test groups were higher than the plaque accumulation threshold (0.20 µm). Streptococcus mutans adhered more on rougher surfaces

Synthesis and Characterization of 4-amino-N'-[(1E)-1-(2-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-yl)ethylidene]benzohydrazide and its Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) Complexes

New benzohydrazone compound, 4-amino-N'-[(1E)-1-(2-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-yl)ethylidene] benzohydrazide (HL1) and its Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) complexes were synthesized. The structures of HL1 and its complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis and IR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The infrared spectral data of the complexes revealed that HL1 coordinated with the metal ions through azomethine nitrogen, enolic oxygen and amide carbonyl oxygen atoms, hence, HL1 behaves as a monobasic tridentate ligand. UV-Vis data revealed that Zn(II) and Mn(II) complexes adopted octahedral geometry, while Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes had five-coordinate and square-planar geometries respectively. The mass spectra data and elemental analysis values are in accordance with the calculated values for the suggested molecular formula of the complexes, a confirmation of the 1:1 ligand to metal stoichiometry in case of Cu(II) complex and 2:1 ligands to metal stoichiometry in case of the other complexes

Implementation of a Process Analysis in Sewing Line

Bu çalışmada seçilmiş bir konfeksiyon işletmesinde farklı desenli iki çift pantolonun dikim prosesi incelenmiştir. Giysilerin dikim hattı için zaman ölçümü ve proses analizi yapılmıştır. Pitch time hesaplanmış, Pitch şeması oluşturulmuş, proses analizinde dar boğazlar tespit edilmiş ve ilgili çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.Abstract In this study, sewing process of two pair of trousers with different pattern was researched in a selected garment factory. Time measurement and process analysis of the garments were carried out for their sewing line. Pitch time was calculated, pitch schema was formed and bottlenecks at the process analysis were determined and related solutions were offered

The Effect Of Oral Care Given To Patients On Mechanical Ventilatory Support By Two Different Methods On Bacterial Colonization In Oral Mucosa And Oral Health

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine oral care given to the patients on mechanical ventilatory support by two different methods on bacterial colonization and oral health. Methods: This study had a design including an experimental and a control group. Sample was composed of 30 patients who had mechanical ventilatory support less than 24 hours. Patients in the experimental group were applied toothbrush and serum physiological; and control group was applied oral care by abeslang and a sponge soaked with NaHCO3. Both groups were given oral care four times a day for four days. Oral health was evaluated by “oral assessment scale”, and bacterial colonization was assessed based on bacteriological culture results of samples taken by cotton swab at days 1 and 4. Results: It was found that almost half of the patients in both groups had insufficient saliva that was more viscous than normal; and dental plaques were decreased among the patients in the experimental group. In terms of bacteria in the oral mucosa, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups based on the comparison of culture results from days 1 and 4. It was found that both methods used for oral care were effective; and they had no superiority over each other. Conclusions: It was concluded that application of regular oral care for the patients on mechanical ventilatory support as part of care protocols decreased bacterial colonization and had a protective and improving effect on oral health

Synthesis of antibacterial amphiphilic elastomer based on polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene via thiol-ene addition

A new type of amphiphilic antibacterial elastomer has been described. Thermoplastic elastomer, polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene (PS-b-PI-b-PS) triblock copolymer was functionalized in toluene solution by free radical mercaptan addition in order to obtain an amphiphilic antibacterial elastomer. Thiol terminated PEG was grafted through the double bonds of PS-b-PI-b-PS via free radical thiol-ene coupling reaction. The antibacterial properties of the amphiphilic graft copolymers were observed. The original and the modified polymers were used to create microfibers in an electro-spinning process. Topology of the electrospun micro/nanofibers were studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical structures of the amphiphilic comb type graft copolymers were elucidated by the combination of elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, GPC and FTIR. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All Rights Reserved.Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Fundamental Research Fund of Shandong University: 2012-10-03-13, 2010-13-02-08The authors thank to Dr. Kevin Cavicchi for the valuable discussion. This work was supported by both TÜBİTAK (Grant# 211T016 ) and Bülent Ecevit University Research Fund (Grant# 2010-13-02-08 and partially # 2012-10-03-13 ). Appendix

Colonic tuberculosis mimicking tumor perforation: A case report and review of the literature

3rd European Meeting on Molecular Diagnostics -- 37910 -- Scheveningen, NETHERLANDSWOS: 000239295700002PubMed: 1686556

Evaluation of Enterococcus Isolates Isolated in Three Years Period at Zonguldak Karaelmas University Hospital

The aim of the study was to identify Enterococcus isolates to species level from various samples obtained at Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Research and Application Hospital Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, between January 2002 and April 2005 and to evaluate their antimicrobial resistance profile. A total of 222 isolates were investigated. One hundred and eighteen isolates were identified at species level by using API 20 Strep identification system. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for the determination of penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, vancomycin and teicoplanin susceptibility. Streptomycin 300 µg and gentamicin 120 µg discs were used to determine high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. Seventy-seven of the 115 isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecalis (67.3%), 31 as Enterococcus faecium (26.9%), three as Enterococcus casseliflavus (2.6%) and one as Enterococcus durans (0.9%). Three isolates couldn’t be identified (2.6%) with the mentioned system. Resistance to penicillin was 50% for the total isolates while it was 40.2% for E. faecalis and 70.9% for E. faecium strains. In all strains high-level resistance to aminoglycosides for streptomycin and gentamicin were 54.9% and 46.8%, respectively. Resistance to both streptomycin and gentamicin was determined in 21 of the total strains (9.4%). All strains were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. No beta-lactamase producing isolates were detected

Posttraumatic tibial osteomyelitis caused by Pseudomonas putida

Pseudomonas putida, toprakta yaşayan, metabolik özellikleri değişken olan, Gram-negatif nonfermentatif bir basildir. Bu yazıda trafik kazası sonrasında P. putida’nın etken olduğu tibial osteomiyelit gelişen 18 yaşında bir erkek hasta sunuldu. Hastada sağ fibula ve tibiada açık parçalı kırık vardı ve kırık alanı toz, toprak gibi maddelerle kontamine olmuştu. Tedavide, açık kırık alanına cerrahi debridman uygulandı, irigasyonla yara alanındaki yabancı maddeler temizlendi. Sağ tibiaya kırık redüksiyonu yapıldı ve eksternal fiksatör uygulandı. Ampirik antibiyotik tedavisine rağmen ameliyat sonrası beşinci günde hastanın çivi dibinden akıntısı vardı. Tekrarlanan debridman ve irigasyon sırasında yumuşak dokudan ve kemikten alınan kültür örneklerinde P. putida üredi. Hasta dört hafta süreyle uygulanan parenteral antibiyotik tedavisi sonrasında sekel kalmaksızın iyileşti. Literatürde bu mikroorganizmanın etken olduğu osteomiyelit bildirimine rastlanmamıştır.Pseudomonas putida is a Gram-negative, nonfermentative, saprophytic soil bacterium with versatile metabolical features. We presented an 18-year-old male patient who developed tibial osteomyelitis due to P. putida after a traffic accident. He had open comminuted fractures in the right fibula and tibia and the site of open fracture was contaminated with dust and soil. He underwent surgical debridement and irrigation of the fracture site followed by fracture reduction and application of an external fixator. Despite empirical antibiotic treatment, there was a discharge from the pin tract on the postoperative fifth day. Cultures obtained from soft tissue and bone during repeat debridement and irrigation yielded P. putida. The patient recovered after four weeks of parenteral antibiotic treatment without any sequela. A case of posttraumatic tibial osteomyelitis caused by P. putida has hitherto not been reported in the literature

Determination of the enzyme types in extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca strains by isoelectric focusing

Bu çalışmada hastanemizde Ocak 2002-Aralık 2004 tarihleri arasında izole edilen GSBL üreten 56 Klebsiella suşunda betalaktamaz tiplerinin izoelektrik odaklama yöntemi ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İncelenen bakterilerin çoğunda (%62.5) izoelektrik odaklama yöntemi ile birden fazla enzim varlığı gözlenmiştir. Her iki Klebsiella türünden elde edilen enzimler için en sık belirlenen izoelektrik noktalar (pI) 7.6, 7.2, 8.4 olmuştur. Bunu sırasıyla pI 8.6, 8.2, 5.6, 7.0, 7.8, 8.0, 5.4, 8.3, 8.8, 9.0, 5.9 ve 6.8 izlemiştir. Kökenlerde belirlenen izoelektrik noktalara göre öngörülen SHV enzim tipleri, SHV-3 ve benzeri (pI 7.0), SHV-4 ve benzeri (pI 7.8), CTX-M enzim grubundan ise CTX-M-15 (pI 8.6), CTX-M-20 (pI 8.3) ve CTX-M-5 (pI 8.8) olmuştur. Kökenlerimizde TEM grubu enzimleriyle uyumlu olarak pI 5.4, 5.6 ve 5.9 izoelektrik noktaları belirlenmiştir. Değerlendirilen kökenlerde SHV ve CTX-M enzimlerinin daha sık olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.The aim of this study was to determine the types of beta-lactamases by isoelectric focusing in the 56 ESBL producing Klebsiella strains isolated in our hospital between January 2002-December 2004. The presence of more than one enzyme (62.5%) was observed by isoelectric focusing in the majority of the analysed bacteria. The most commonly designated pI points for the enzymes obtained from both Klebsiella species were 7.6, 7.2 and 8.4. Consecutive pI points were 8.6, 8.2, 5.6, 7.0, 7.8, 8.0, 5.4, 8.3, 8.8, 9.0, 5.9 and 6.8 in order of frequency. With regard to the isoelectric points determined in the strains, the anticipated SHV enzyme types were SHV-3, SHV-3-like enzymes (pI 7.0), SHV-4, SHV-4-like enzymes (pI 7.8) and the CTX-M type enzymes were CTX-M-15 (pI 8.6), CTX-M-20 (pI 8.3) and CTX-M-5 (pI 8.8). The isoelectric points 5.4, 5.6 and 5.9 were determined with concordance to the TEM group enzymes. It is concluded that SHV and CTX-M enzymes were the most common enzymes among the bacteria analysed

The evaluation of antibiotic susceptibilities of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates: Decreasing susceptibilities to various antibiotics

Hastanemizde Haziran 2005-Ocak 2010 arasında çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen 570 Pseudomonas aeruginosa izolatının CLSI kriterlerine göre Kirby-Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlenen antibiyotik duyarlılıkları değerlendirilmiş ve sonuçlar, Ocak 2002-Haziran 2005 arasında yine hastanemizde izole edilen suşlara ait sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Son dönemde en yüksek duyarlılık oranları amikasin (% 78) ve tobramisin (% 77) için, en düşük oranlar ise aztreonam (% 57) ve siprofloksasin (% 56) için alınmıştır. 2005-2010 yıllarında izole edilen suşlarda duyarlılık oranlarının, 2002-2005 yıllarındaki suşlara göre imipenem, sefepim, seftazidim, piperasilin-tazobaktam, amikasin ve siprofloksasin için anlamlı derecede (p<0.05-0.001) azaldığı belirlenmiştir. *Gülhane Mikrobiyoloji Günleri: Antimikrobik Kemoterapi: Laboratuvar Uygulamaları ve Yenilikler’de sunulmuştur.The susceptibilities of 570 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from various clinical samples in our hospital between June 2005 and January 2010 were determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to the guidelines of the CLSI. The results were compared with those reported from the same hospital for isolates obtained between January 2002 and June 2005. The recent results revealed that susceptibilities of the isolates to amikacin (78 %) and tobramicin (77 %) were highest while susceptibilities to aztreonam (57 %) and ciprofloxacin (56 %) were lowest. The susceptibility rates of isolates obtained between 2005-2010 were significantly lower for imipenem, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin ve ciprofloxacin when compared to those reported between 2002-2005 (p<0.05-0.001)