In vitro inhibition of aeromonas hydrophila growth by ethanolic extracts obtained from leaves of various ficus species (Moraceae)

рыбы, болезни рыб, инфекционные болезни рыб, аэромоноз, аэромонады, ингибирование роста, питательные среды, этанольные экстракты, фикус, листь

Combination of oncolytic adenovirus and luteolin exerts synergistic antitumor effects in colorectal cancer cells and a mouse model

In recent years, oncolytic viruses have attracted increasing interest due to their potent antitumor effects. Luteolin, a natural product, has additionally been observed to exhibit various pharmacological antitumor activities. Previously, a novel dual-targeting oncolytic adenovirus, complement decay-accelerating factor (CD55)-tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 (TRAIL), was constructed, which exhibited significant growth inhibitory effects in various types of tumor cell. The present study investigated whether the combination of luteolin and CD55-TRAIL was able to exert a synergistic antitumor effect in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells. The cytotoxicity and tumor cell apoptosis mediated by combination treatment in CRC cells were detected via an MTT assay, Hoechst staining and western blotting, respectively. Tumor growth in vivo was examined in a CRC mouse xenograft model following various treatments. The results demonstrated that the addition of luteolin enhanced oncolytic adenovirus-mediated enhanced green fluorescent protein, early region 1A and TRAIL expression. The combination of CD55-TRAIL with luteolin synergistically inhibited tumor growth and promoted CRC cellular apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the combination of CD55-TRAIL with luteoli n significa ntly decrea sed cy totoxicit y in lung/bronchial normal epithelial cells, compared with single treatment

Ferrochelatase is a therapeutic target for ocular neovascularization

Ocular neovascularization underlies major blinding eye diseases such as “wet” age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Despite the successes of treatments targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, resistant and refractory patient populations necessitate discovery of new therapeutic targets. Using a forward chemical genetic approach, we identified the heme synthesis enzyme ferrochelatase (FECH) as necessary for angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. FECH is overexpressed in wet AMD eyes and murine choroidal neovascularization; siRNA knockdown of Fech or partial loss of enzymatic function in the Fechm1Pas mouse model reduces choroidal neovascularization. FECH depletion modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase function and VEGF receptor 2 levels. FECH is inhibited by the oral antifungal drug griseofulvin, and this compound ameliorates choroidal neovascularization in mice when delivered intravitreally or orally. Thus, FECH inhibition could be used therapeutically to block ocular neovascularization

Functional Assessment of EnvZ/OmpR Two-Component System in Shewanella oneidensis

EnvZ and OmpR constitute the bacterial two-component signal transduction system known to mediate osmotic stress response in a number of Gram-negative bacteria. In an effort to understand the mechanism through which Shewanella oneidensis senses and responds to environmental osmolarity changes, structure of the ompR-envZ operon was determined with Northern blotting assay and roles of the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system in response to various stresses were investigated with mutational analysis, quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), and phenotype microarrays. Results from the mutational analysis and qRT-PCR suggested that the EnvZ/OmpR system contributed to osmotic stress response of S. oneidensis and very likely engaged a similar strategy employed by E. coli, which involved reciprocal regulation of two major porin coding genes. Additionally, the ompR-envZ system was also found related to cell motility. We further showed that the ompR-envZ dependent regulation of porin genes and motility resided almost completely on ompR and only partially on envZ, indicating additional mechanisms for OmpR phosphorylation. In contrast to E. coli lacking ompR-envZ, however, growth of S. oneidensis did not show a significant dependence on ompR-envZ even under osmotic stress. Further analysis with phenotype microarrays revealed that the S. oneidensis strains lacking a complete ompR-envZ system displayed hypersensitivities to a number of agents, especially in alkaline environment. Taken together, our results suggest that the function of the ompR-envZ system in S. oneidensis, although still connected with osmoregulation, has diverged considerably from that of E. coli. Additional mechanism must exist to support growth of S. oneidensis under osmotic stress

Modern concepts of ecological specialization of Orchidaceae Juss. family

The review provides the results of publications devoted to ecological characteristics of orchids, particularly to epiphytism, structural and functional adaptations related with this life form, as well as to relationship of orchids with mycorrhizal fungi. Elucidation of this subject is a theoretical background for interpretation of the results of orchids investigation under glasshouse conditions aimed at ex situ conservation

Peculiarities of morphological structure of shoot system of Paphiopedilum insigne Pfitzg. (Orchidaceae Juss.)

The results of study of shoot system structure of P. insigne, one of the commonest Paphiopedilum species in glasshouse culture, are given. Using Smirnova's method three complex morphological criteria, growth form, type of structure and composition of leaf formula, were established. Although a several morphological studies have been already conducted on P. insigne, our results demonstrated some morphological structures never before observed on this species. A better understanding of morphological structures of studied species as well as the other orchids can have practical importance for development of cultivation technology and appropriate conservation strategy ex situ

Preliminary screening of coelogyne ovalis lindl. (orchidaceae) for antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus

орхидея coelogyne ovalis lindl, лекарственные свойства растений, антимикробная активность, золотистый стафилокок