Using Approximate Method for the Construction of Mosque Domes

Domes remain a unique structure in building construction as a result of stylistic forms and composition in the field of architecture. They are important elements that adequately define the Islamic architecture. The construction of domes which is a doubly curved surface and formed by rectilinear structures always resulted in difficulties to get the curvilinear shape correctly. The study therefore made the use of an approximate method to develop the dome using materials that are provided in the locality. The knowledge of descriptive geometry in surface development was adopted to obtain approximation cone components that produce the hemispherical dome. The components were properly installed and supported by centering which composed eight equally spaced timber frameworks that were supported by planks. Lack of appropriate modern technological advancement should not be factor militating against production of perfect forms, thus appropriate technical drawing basic skills should be acquired by the builders to take the construction of dome from a poor to a good system of accurate centering with good quality control

Water Withdrawal Trends, Cost and Uses in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

Water is an essential component of life. Globally, there is a drawback in its availability and this is increasing and duplicating itself thereby intensifying the struggle for scarce water resources. This study assessed the water resource availability, access, water withdrawal trends, and presents the outcome of a survey of water use pattern in a semi-urban settlement in Southwest Nigeria. The study employed the use of a detailed questionnaire and oral interview for the collection of data. The water use pattern extends to various water consumers such as residential, institutional, commercial and industrial. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that 70% of the settlement depend on groundwater alone, while 30% on surface water. The findings in the study revealed that the rate of patronizing commercial water seller is very high compared to the government approved tariff rate of 66.7% price margin, and there is an increasing demand on water from the various settlements considered. The outcome will enable better investment and management decisions in water withdrawal and usage in the near future as this must be based on estimates of future needs and the available resource potentials

Review of Sustainability in Self Compacting Concrete: the use of waste and mineral additives as supplementary cementitious material and aggregate.

Concrete is one of the commonly used construction materials, but there is a need to develop a new and sustainable technology to make concrete more affordable. With the advancement in technology, concrete was no longer seen as a three entity (binder, aggregate, and water). The unique workability properties of SCC make it unique in the concrete industry. This review assessed the materials, strength, rheological properties of agricultural waste, industrial waste and mineral additives in SCC production. The effect of the utilization of these additives and replacements on structural, mechanical and rheological properties of SCC was espoused. The review revealed that the use of both industrial and agricultural waste enhances the strength properties of SCC. Additionally, the use of agricultural waste improves the rheological properties of fresh concrete. The utilization of expansive material should be discouraged in SCC production. The review revealed that SCC developments ensure a good balance between deformability and stability. It was therefore recommended that SCC should be utilized in pavement construction, particularly when high axle load is expected

Modelling the Effect of Income and Car Ownership on Recreational Trip in Akure ,Nigeria

The effect of income and car ownership on recreational trip pattern in the study area was analysed, focusing on the frequency of trips, modal choice and the land use pattern. It is an attempts to extend research on travel characteristics and behaviour to cities of the developing world with focus on Akure metropoli

A multi-period Markov model for monthly rainfall in Lagos, Nigeria

Long periods of historical hydrological data such as rainfall and streamflow which are necessary for planning and design of water resources projects, are often not available and have to be forecasted. Many models available for this were developed and tested in developed countries in temperate climates and so their application in tropical climates is questionable. A twelve-period Markov model has been developed for the monthly rainfall data for Lagos, along the coast of South Western Nigeria. The goodness of fit of the model was assessed by estimating the autocorrelations of the residuals of the historical data (from January 1924 to December 1983) for lags one to sixty. A 95% confidence band was also established for the autocorrelations. The results show that all but two of the autocorrelations fall within the 95% confidence band confirming that the residuals are indeed white noise. This indicates that the model is very adequate.Keywords: Markov, multi-perio, rainfall mode

ASSESSMENT OF THE GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF TERMITE REWORKED SOILS

The determination of the geotechnical properties of inhabited termitaria (termite mounds) from three different locations in Lagos, Nigeria was carried out. Soil samples were taken at the cores of termitaria and also at 3m of either side of termitaria. Nine bulk representative soil samples depicting three termitaria soils and six adjacent soil samples were collected. Some geotechnical properties such as specific gravity, grain size distribution, consistency limits, linear shrinkage, CBR, and consolidation of the soils were determined. The chemical properties of the termitaria soil as compared to the adjacent surrounding soil was also analysed. The result showed that the geotechnical properties of termitaria are far better than the adjacent or surrounding soils. The activity of termites was identified as the primary cause of these improvements

Travel Behaviour Of University Enviroment: Inter-Relationship Between Trip Distance And Travel Mode Choice In South-Western Nigeria

Universities’ trip pattern is an important component of overall transportation demand of a province but it is often not well represented in travel demand models. This research assessed the spatial commuting patterns of the three categories of universities in Southwestern Nigeria. This was achieved with the uniform distribution of 3000 questionnaires with 80% return rate using face to face approach. Statistical software was employed in the analysis of the data. Distance was found to be a function of commuting pattern as it has a coefficient of determination (R2) value of o.64. Moreover, 81% and 65% of staff in private and government owned universities respectively adopted the use of private cars, while walking and the use of shuttle buses were predominantly used by students for both long and short trip distances. The study showed that the use of shuttle is not affected by trip distance as compared to the other modes. However, cycling and walking should be encouraged to minimize the overdependence on the use of shuttle for both short and long distance trips. In addition, emission of greenhouse gases in universities’ environments in Nigeria could be reduced if adopte