Pulp, Vol. 1 No. 1

The first issue of Pulp and one of the earlier student journals

Pulp, Vol. 3 No. 1

This is the third issue of Pulphttps://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/pulp/1002/thumbnail.jp

Pulp, Vol. 2 No. 1

This is the second issue of Pulp.https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/pulp/1001/thumbnail.jp

Pulp, Vol. 2 No. 1

This is the second issue of Pulp.https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/pulp/1001/thumbnail.jp

Enfermedades crónicas

Adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y relación con el control metabólico en pacientes con DM2Aluminio en pacientes con terapia de reemplazo renal crónico con hemodiálisis en Bogotá, ColombiaAmputación de extremidades inferiores: ¿están aumentando las tasas?Consumo de edulcorantes artificiales en jóvenes universitariosCómo crecen niños normales de 2 años que son sobrepeso a los 7 añosDiagnóstico con enfoque territorial de salud cardiovascular en la Región MetropolitanaEfecto a corto plazo de una intervención con ejercicio físico, en niños con sobrepesoEfectos de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con síndrome metabólico e IMC < 35 KG/M2Encuesta mundial de tabaquismo en estudiantes de profesiones de saludEnfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: Consecuencias sociales-sanitarias de comunidades rurales en ChileEpidemiología de las muertes hospitalarias por patologías relacionadas a muerte encefálica, Chile 2003-2007Estado nutricional y conductas alimentarias en adolescentes de 4º medio de la Región de CoquimboEstudio de calidad de vida en una muestra del plan piloto para hepatitis CEvaluación del proceso asistencial y de resultados de salud del GES de diabetes mellitus 2Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en población universitaria de la Facsal, universidad de TarapacáImplicancias psicosociales en la génesis, evolución y tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión arterial esencialInfarto agudo al miocardio (IAM): Realidad en el Hospital de Puerto Natales, 2009-2010Introducción de nuevas TIC y mejoría de la asistencia a un programa de saludNiños obesos atendidos en el Cesfam de Puerto Natales y su entorno familiarPerfil de la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino en Río de JaneiroPerfil del paciente primo-consultante del Programa de Salud Cardiovascular, Consultorio Cordillera Andina, Los AndesPrevalencia de automedicación en mujeres beneficiarias del Hospital Comunitario de Til-TiPrevalencia de caries en población preescolar y su relación con malnutrición por excesoPrevalencia de retinopatía diabética en comunas dependientes del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Occidente (SSMOC)Problemas de adherencia farmacológica antihipertensiva en población mapuche: Un estudio cualitativoRol biológico de los antioxidantes innatos en pacientes portadores de VIH/SidaSobrepeso en empleados de un restaurante de una universidad pública del estado de São Paul

Obesity and impairment of pancreatic beta-cellfunction in early adulthood, independent of obesity age of onset: The Santiago Longitudinal Study

Aim: We investigated the relation of time of onset and length of obesity with biomarkers of beta-cell function in early adulthood in an infancy cohort. Material and methods: In 1039 23-year-olds, body-mass index (BMI) was measured at multiple time-points from enrollment. BMI trajectories were interpolated with cubic polynomials. Fasting glucose, insulin and adiponectin were measured at 23 years. Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HOMA-S, HOMA-beta, HOMA-adiponectin (AD) and disposition index (DI) were estimated. IR and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) were diagnosed. According to the BMI trajectory, five groups were defined: participants who were never obese (NOB); participants with obesity starting in adolescence and remained obese into adulthood (recent-onset obesity, ROB); participants who were obese in early childhood but transitioned to non-obesity as preadolescents (former obesity, FOB); participants who were obese in early childhood and remained obese into adulthood (persistent obesity, POB); participants with obesity starting in preadolescence and transitioned to non-obesity as adolescents (transient obesity; TOB). Results: Obesity was present in 47% of participants during at least one time-point. ROBs and POBs had higher insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-beta, lower HOMA-S and DI, and higher prevalence of IR and NAFL at 23 years than NOBs, TOBs and FOBs. No differences were found in the beta-cell functionality of NOBs, TOBs and FOBs. Conclusions: Persistent and recent obesity are both related to IR, NAFL and a decline of beta-cell function in emerging adulthood. Defeating obesity in childhood or adolescence allows reaching emerging adulthood with beta-cell functioning similar to that of subjects who were NOB.Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica FB-0807 FONDECYT-1190639 PAI-79140003 United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) HL08853

Accuracy of a semi-quantitative ultrasound method to determine liver fat infiltration in early adulthood

An inexpensive and simple method to determine non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the abdominal ultrasound, but there are still doubts about its accuracy. We assessed the precision of a semi-quantitative ultrasound method to determine liver fat infiltration, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as the reference. The study was conducted in youths from an ongoing cohort study. Clinical validation was performed, using receiver operating characteristic analysis, inn= 60 participants (22.6y; 50% males). Abdominal ultrasound was carried out with liver brightness (score 0-3), diaphragm attenuation (0-2) and liver vessel blurring (0-1) scored by two observers. Liver fat was estimated using MRS. Then, analytical validation was conducted in the remaining participants (n= 555; 22.7y; 51% males) using effects size estimates. An ultrasound score >= 4.0 had the highest sensitivity (78%) and specificity (85%) for NAFLD diagnosis. An area under the curve of 86% denotes a good diagnostic performance of the test, whereas a Kappa of 0.63 suggests substantial agreement of ultrasound vs. MRS. The analytical validation showed that participants having NAFLD according to ultrasound had an unhealthier cardiometabolic profile than participants without the condition. Abdominal ultrasound, combined with a semi-quantitative score system, is a reliable method to determine liver fat infiltration in young adults and should be encouraged whenever MRS is unavailable.United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) nffi HL088530 Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONICYT) (Chile) through Programa de Capital Humano Avanzado 7914000