Pentecost • Acts 2:1–21 • May 24, 2015

The gift of the resurrection comes to fruition in the Gentile Pentecost as peoples of all the nations die and rise in the baptismal bath of the Holy Spirit

Effects Of Perkinsus marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica: I. Susceptibility Of Native And Msx-Resistant Stocks

A selective breeding program was implemented to attempt to decrease the disease susceptibility of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, to Perkinsus marinus. Six oyster strains were spawned and the progeny exposed to Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and P. marinus in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Three strains, a Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a Delaware Bay native strain, and a Mobjack Bay native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) were exposed for three years (1988-90); three other strains, a separate Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a lower James River native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) and a susceptible control strain, were exposed for two years (1989-90). During the study period, P. marinus abundance was high and increased each year; H. nelson/ abundance was low and decreased each year. Both strains of MSX-resistant oysters developed by Rutgers University were highly susceptible to P. marinus. Cumulative mortality at the end of the study was 99% for both strains and growth virtually stopped after acquisition of P. marinus. Mean shell height did not reach market size in either MSX-resistant strain. All native strains (Delaware Bay, Mobjack Bay and James River) had about 80% cumulative mortality, mainly from P. marinus, but the Mobjack Bay strain also experienced moderate mortality from H. nelson/. However, these strains continued growing and survivors reached market size during the study period. The MSX-resistant strains offer little immediate benefit in a selective breeding program for the Chesapeake Bay oyster industry because of their high susceptibility to P. marinus and poor growth; however, they may be valuable, especially in crosses with native strains, during periods of H. nelson/ resurgence and P. marinus decline. The three native strains performed better than the resistant strains and will be utilized, both as direct lines and as intraspecific hybrids, in a continuing selective breeding program to decrease the disease susceptibility of C. virgin/ca stocks

Ordination Liturgies, the Call Process, and the Office of the Ministry in the Landeskirche of Braunschweig-Wolfenbuttel, 1569-1815

Therefore this study intends to examine the rites on their own merit as historical evidence of the theological understanding of church and ministry that arose in a specific context—a contextual-historical study of rites concerned with forming pastors. As Smith asserts, Liturgical events such as ordination do not occur in a vacuum. They are supported by an attendant structure which influences the way in which they are experienced and understood. The political, cultural, theological, and ecclesiastical context will be considered in order to determine the milieu and mindset in which the rites were framed and celebrated. Having determined the context, its impact upon the rites will be assessed. Consideration will be given to the possibility that some of the rites may have been prepared in response to emergencies or temporary situations, possibly affecting the component parts, the content, and the theological impression given those participating. An assessment will then be made as to what degree liturgical and theological unity is maintained in the rites from era to era

Proper 21 • Ezekiel 18:1–4, 25–32 • September 28, 2014

The preacher is encouraged to give attention to the rhetorical structure of the pericope that reconstructs a conversation between Yahweh and Israel through Ezekiel, although decidedly from God’s perspective

Use of immunoassays in haplosporidan life cycle studies

The development of mitigating measures for the major oyster diseases has been hindered by our poor understanding of the life cycles of the pathogens. Evidence from epidemiological studies and transmission experiments suggests that an intermediate host is present in the life cycle of Haplosporidium species. Immunoassay is a valuable tool for identifying parasite antigen in an intermediate host, and, because of the potential for stage-specific antigens, assays incorporating polyclonal antibodies may be more effective than assays incorporating monoclonal antibodies. Rabbit antibody against purified spores of Haplosporidium costale recognized spores in paraffin sections of oyster tissue , but the antibody did not recognize plasmodia of H. costale.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1121/thumbnail.jp