Procjena rizika od abrazije na obalama mora i spremnicima za vodu

Destructive processes on seas and water reservoirs of Russia lead to significant losses of valuable coastal territories and damage to numerous economic objects located there. The article discusses the spatial and temporal patterns of the development of certain types of coasts and water bodies as a whole. An algorithm (methodology) for the quantitative assessment of abrasion risk is proposed, which is the main tool for determining the need for and priority of preventive measures. The general mathematical models for abrasion risk calculation are substantiated. The possibilities of assessing the abrasion risk with a minimum amount of data for choosing the optimal location of new reservoirs are considered. Specific examples of abrasion risk assessment are given for seas and large water reservoirs in Russia, with priority investments from the federal budget being indicated. Timely implementation of measures aimed at reducing losses from coast destruction will benefit for the rational and safe use of coastal areas.Destruktivni procesi na obalama mora i spremnicima za vodu u Rusiji doveli su do značajnih gubitaka dragocjenih obalnih područja i do oštećenja brojnih gospodarskih objekata na tim područjima. U članku se razmatraju prostorni i vremenski obrasci razvoja određenih vrsta obala i vodenih površina u cjelini. Predlaže se algoritam (metodologija) za kvantitativnu procjenu rizika od abrazije kao glavnog alata za utvrđivanje potrebe kao i prioriteta preventivnih mjera. Kao dokaz poslužili su opći matematički modeli za izračun rizika od abrazije. Razmatraju se mogućnosti procjene rizika od abrazije s minimalnom količinom podataka za odabir lokacije novih spremnika. Navedeni su posebni primjeri procjene rizika od abrazije za mora i velike spremnike za vodu u Rusiji s prikazanim prioritetnim investicijskim ulaganjima iz saveznog proračuna. Pravodobna provedba mjera usmjerenih na smanjivanje gubitaka uzrokovanih uništenjem obala pridonijet će racionalnom i sigurnom korištenju obalnih područja

Procjena rizika od abrazije na obalama mora i spremnicima za vodu

Destructive processes on seas and water reservoirs of Russia lead to significant losses of valuable coastal territories and damage to numerous economic objects located there. The article discusses the spatial and temporal patterns of the development of certain types of coasts and water bodies as a whole. An algorithm (methodology) for the quantitative assessment of abrasion risk is proposed, which is the main tool for determining the need for and priority of preventive measures. The general mathematical models for abrasion risk calculation are substantiated. The possibilities of assessing the abrasion risk with a minimum amount of data for choosing the optimal location of new reservoirs are considered. Specific examples of abrasion risk assessment are given for seas and large water reservoirs in Russia, with priority investments from the federal budget being indicated. Timely implementation of measures aimed at reducing losses from coast destruction will benefit for the rational and safe use of coastal areas.Destruktivni procesi na obalama mora i spremnicima za vodu u Rusiji doveli su do značajnih gubitaka dragocjenih obalnih područja i do oštećenja brojnih gospodarskih objekata na tim područjima. U članku se razmatraju prostorni i vremenski obrasci razvoja određenih vrsta obala i vodenih površina u cjelini. Predlaže se algoritam (metodologija) za kvantitativnu procjenu rizika od abrazije kao glavnog alata za utvrđivanje potrebe kao i prioriteta preventivnih mjera. Kao dokaz poslužili su opći matematički modeli za izračun rizika od abrazije. Razmatraju se mogućnosti procjene rizika od abrazije s minimalnom količinom podataka za odabir lokacije novih spremnika. Navedeni su posebni primjeri procjene rizika od abrazije za mora i velike spremnike za vodu u Rusiji s prikazanim prioritetnim investicijskim ulaganjima iz saveznog proračuna. Pravodobna provedba mjera usmjerenih na smanjivanje gubitaka uzrokovanih uništenjem obala pridonijet će racionalnom i sigurnom korištenju obalnih područja

Shoping Functions in Youth Representation

The article considers the concept of "shopping" and analyzes its functions. The study was conducted in one of the major shopping and entertainment centers of the Russian megalopolises "Gorki" in the city of Chelyabinsk. The youth‘s perception of shopping functions was studied. For the majority of young people, shopping has a hedonistic, utilitarian, leisure, communicative function. Shopping has a gender-specific. To a greater degree (up to 80.0%) girls are engaged in it. For some young people (about 20.0%), ―shopping addiction‖ is existing. The study has revealed a new phenomenon as ―window shopping‖ among youth . This phenomenon is more related to the girls‘ behavior during shopping.В статье раскрывается понятие «шопинг», анализируются его функции. Исследование проведено в одном из крупных торгово-развлекательных центров российского мегаполиса «Горки». Изучалось восприятие молодежи г. Челябинска функций шопинга. Для большинства молодежи шопинг выполняет гедонистическую, утилитарную, досуговую, коммуникативную функцию. Шопинг имеет гендерный характер. В большей степени (до 80,0%) им занимаются девушки. У части молодежи (около20,0%) формируется «шопинговая зависимость». Исследование подтвердило такой феномен в молодежной среде как «оконный шопинг». Этот феномен в большей степени связан с поведением девушек при занятии шопингом

NATURE OF LEGAL BEHAVIOR: THE CONCEPTS OF DEFINITION AND THEIR EVOLUTION

Purpose: The purpose of the study is determining nature of legal behavior: the concepts of definition and their evolution Methodology: This is intellectual research and we used here historical methods for analyzing. Result: The genesis of the concept of legal behavior implies a link between research and the praxeological dimension of the legal system in which the legal personality is a central element. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of nature of legal behavior: the concepts of definition and their evolution are presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

«Наука о данных»: итоги международной научно-практической конференции

.Санкт-Петербургский государственный экономический университет (СПбГЭУ) вновь принимал 5-7 февраля2020 г. представителей статистической общественности России и ряда стран Беларуси, Болгарии, Израиля, Испании, Италии, Казахстана, Нидерландов, США, Финляндии, Франции.

АНАЛИЗ ФИНАНСОВОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ МАЛЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The methodological and methodical basesof small enterprises fi nancial standingresearch are stated in the article. The great attention is focused on the analysisof the structure of small business assets and sources of their formation. The study of the current financial condition of small enterprises based on the usage of relativeindicators was conducted. It is marked out basic problems of estimation of thefinancial standing of Russian organizations. The author offer recommendations to improve methodology of analysis of thefi nancial standing.Встатьеизлагаютсяметодологические и методические основыоценкифинансового состояния малых организаций. Основное внимание сосредоточено на анализе структуры имущества малых организаций и источников его формирования. Проводится исследование финансового состояния организаций на основе использования относительных показателей. Рассматриваются основные проблемы, возникающие при оценке финансового состояния российских организаций, а также даны рекомендации по совершенствованию методологии исследования финансового состояния

ИТОГИ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ НАУЧНО-ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ «СТАТИСТИКА В ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ: ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ»

This article focuses on summarizing the results of the 8th traditional international scientific and practical conference that has been held by Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics biannually since 2004.On 1-2 February 2018 representatives of the statistical community from Russia, France, Bulgaria, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Israel, Japan convened to discuss questions concerning «Statistics in the Digital Economy: Teaching and Applying».The article reviews subject matter of the conference along with the content of several scientific reports. This paper discusses digital economy trends and Big Data tools in business and management, as well as questions of implementation of information and communication technologies in teaching statistics and economics.Статья посвящена подведению итогов восьмой традиционной международной научно-практической конференции, проводимой в Санкт-Петербургском государственном экономическом университете (СПбГЭУ) каждые два года начиная с 2004 года. На конференции встретились представители статистической общественности России и ряда зарубежных стран - Франции, Болгарии, Беларуси, Казахстана, Израиля, Японии для обсуждения вопросов по теме: «Статистика в цифровой экономике: обучение и использование».Автором была рассмотрена проблематика, связанная с объявленной темой конференции, и раскрыто содержание наиболее интересных научных сообщений. Дан анализ основных трендов формирования цифровой экономики и больших данных в бизнесе и управлении, а также вопросов внедрения информационно-коммуникационных технологий в преподавание статистики и экономики

Streptococcus pyogenes: phenomenon of nonimmune binding of human immunoglobulins and its role in pathology

M and M-like proteins represent the main pathogenicity factors of Streptococcus pyogenes, a widely spread and potentially lethal bacterial pathogen. These proteins provide resistance of the microbe to innate and adaptive immune response, due to attraction of specific human proteins to the streptococcal surface. Nonimmune binding of immunoglobulins G (IgG) and A (IgA) via their Fc domains to M and M-like proteins was described over 40 years ago, but its role for the pathogenicity of Streptococcus pyogenes is far from definite resolution. The discovery of this phenomenon should be considered among quite significant achievements of modern microbiology, since it had a huge impact upon development of innovative approaches, technologies and tools for microbiological, immunological and molecular diagnostics. It also promoted fundamental studies in pathogenesis of distinct infectious states and their complications caused by S. pyogenes. The non-immune binding of host immunoglobulins was previously suggested to be important mainly in immune conditions on the surface of mucous membranes and their secretions, but not in blood plasma, whereas other studies have pointed to significance of this phenomenon in protecting microbes from phagocytosis in non-immune blood of the host. It was also shown that the effect of Fc-binding causes increased pathogenicity of streptococci both in primary focus of infection, and during chronical course of the process, thus contributing to development of autoimmune diseases caused by S. pyogenes infection and leading to tissue damage in experimental animals. The experimental autoimmune process can be prevented by administering purified Fc fragments of immunoglobulins to the animals, blocking this process at the early stages of its development. A significant place in pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) belongs to streptococcal diseases. IgAN has been described as a mesangial proliferative process, due to initial IgA-Fcα deposition in renal mesangium cells. The data from literature describe successful modeling of individual IgAN traits, and expand our understanding of pathogenic properties and functions of Fcα binding receptor M proteins of S. pyogenes. The data reviewed in the article also presume the relevance of recently proposed ideas about an important role of non-immune Ig binding in streptococcal diseases, even in cases that differ in their development mechanism. These studies, including possible search for tools and techniques of preventive and potentially therapeutic applications, require additional efforts to study the binding of Fc fragments of IgG and IgA to M and M-like proteins of Streptococcus pyogenes

ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЕКТНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМ И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ РОССИИ

Проектный менеджмент в государственном управлении является наиболее эффективной формой взаимодействия органов власти с населением. Необходимо создать предпосылки для формирования процесса самосовершенствования системы управления в субъектах РФ, способствующего поддержанию позитивного имиджа региона и страны в целом. Цифровизация выступает отличным механизмом внедрения проектного менеджмента в управление регионом на базе трансформации системы государственного управления, ориентирами которого становятся минимальный государственный аппарат, высокая скорость принятия решений, отсутствие посредников между человеком и его данными, что позволяет индивидуализировать решения жизненных ситуаций граждан в системе «государство как платформа», которая постулируется в концепции Центра стратегических разработок начиная с 2017 года. Проектный менеджмент конкретизирует метафору «государство как платформа» в процессе цифровой трансформации оказания государственных услуг, контрольно-надзорной деятельности и принятия управленческих решений