Diversity of Phylogenetic Information According to the Locus and the Taxonomic Level: An Example from a Parasitic Mesostigmatid Mite Genus

Molecular markers for cladistic analyses may perform differently according to the taxonomic group considered and the historical level under investigation. Here we evaluate the phylogenetic potential of five different markers for resolving evolutionary relationships within the ectoparasitic genus Dermanyssus at the species level, and their ability to address questions about the evolution of specialization. COI provided 9–18% divergence between species (up to 9% within species), 16S rRNA 10–16% (up to 4% within species), ITS1 and 2 2–9% (up to 1% within species) and Tropomyosin intron n 8–20% (up to 6% within species). EF-1α revealed different non-orthologous copies within individuals of Dermanyssus and Ornithonyssus. Tropomyosin intron n was shown containing consistent phylogenetic signal at the specific level within Dermanyssus and represents a promising marker for future prospects in phylogenetics of Acari. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the generalist condition is apomorphic and D. gallinae might represent a complex of hybridized lineages. The split into hirsutus-group and gallinae-group in Dermanyssus does not seem to be appropriate based upon these results and D. longipes appears to be composed of two different entities

Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear Sequence Data for Disentangling Population Structure in Complex Pest Species: A Case Study with Dermanyssus gallinae

Among global changes induced by human activities, association of breakdown of geographical barriers and impoverishered biodiversity of agroecosystems may have a strong evolutionary impact on pest species. As a consequence of trade networks' expansion, secondary contacts between incipient species, if hybrid incompatibility is not yet reached, may result in hybrid swarms, even more when empty niches are available as usual in crop fields and farms. By providing important sources of genetic novelty for organisms to adapt in changing environments, hybridization may be strongly involved in the emergence of invasive populations

Different Host Exploitation Strategies in Two Zebra Mussel-Trematode Systems: Adjustments of Host Life History Traits

The zebra mussel is the intermediate host for two digenean trematodes, Phyllodistomum folium and Bucephalus polymorphus, infecting gills and the gonad respectively. Many gray areas exist relating to the host physiological disturbances associated with these infections, and the strategies used by these parasites to exploit their host without killing it. The aim of this study was to examine the host exploitation strategies of these trematodes and the associated host physiological disturbances. We hypothesized that these two parasite species, by infecting two different organs (gills or gonads), do not induce the same physiological changes. Four cellular responses (lysosomal and peroxisomal defence systems, lipidic peroxidation and lipidic reserves) in the host digestive gland were studied by histochemistry and stereology, as well as the energetic reserves available in gonads. Moreover, two indices were calculated related to the reproductive status and the physiological condition of the organisms. Both parasites induced adjustments of zebra mussel life history traits. The host-exploitation strategy adopted by P. folium would occur during a short-term period due to gill deformation, and could be defined as “virulent.” Moreover, this parasite had significant host gender-dependent effects: infected males displayed a slowed-down metabolism and energetic reserves more allocated to growth, whereas females displayed better defences and would allocate more energy to reproduction and maintenance. In contrast, B. polymorphus would be a more “prudent” parasite, exploiting its host during a long-term period through the consumption of reserves allocated to reproduction

Toxicité rénale des AINS, de l'éthylène glycol et des végétaux chez les carnivores domestiques (étude bibliographique et épidémiologique d'après les données du CNITV de Lyon entre 1991 et 2002)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Physiopathologie de la cétose chez la vache laitière (application aux traitements)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Bilan d'activité du Centre National d'Informations Toxicologiques Vétérinaires pour l'année 2002

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Intoxication des bovins par les molluscicides (Métaldéhyde et méthiocarbe) (symptomatologie, traitement : étude à partir des données du CNITV)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Bilan d'activité du Centre National d'Informations Toxicologiques Vétérinaires pour l'année 2001 (étude par classe d'agent toxique)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Diagnostic différentiel des morts subites chez les bovins au pré (approche réalisée à partir de l'exploitation des bases de données du CNITV et de la BNESST)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Bilan d'activité du Centre National d'Informations Toxicologiques Vétérinaires pour l'année 2003

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF