Food allergen extracts to diagnose food-induced allergic diseases

OBJECTIVE: To review the manufacturing procedures of food allergen extracts and applicable regulatory requirements from government agencies, potential approaches to standardization, and clinical application of these products. The effects of thermal processing on allergenicity of common food allergens are also considered. DATA SOURCES: A broad literature review was conducted on the natural history of food allergy, the manufacture of allergen extracts, and the allergenicity of heated food. Regulations, guidance documents, and pharmacopoeias related to food allergen extracts from the United States and Europe were also reviewed. STUDY SELECTIONS: Authoritative and peer-reviewed research articles relevant to the topic were chosen for review. Selected regulations and guidance documents are current and relevant to food allergen extracts. RESULTS: Preparation of a food allergen extract may require careful selection and identification of source materials, grinding, defatting, extraction, clarification, sterilization, and product testing. Although extractions for all products licensed in the United States are performed using raw source materials, many foods are not consumed in their raw form. Heating foods may change their allergenicity, and doing so before extraction may change their allergenicity and the composition of the final product. CONCLUSION: The manufacture of food allergen extracts requires many considerations to achieve the maximal quality of the final product. Allergen extracts for a select number of foods may be inconsistent between manufacturers or unreliable in a clinical setting, indicating a potential area for future improvement

Tunable Low Density Palladium Nanowire Foams

Nanostructured palladium foams offer exciting potential for applications in diverse fields such as catalyst, fuel cell, and particularly hydrogen storage technologies. We have fabricated palladium nanowire foams using a cross-linking and freeze-drying technique. These foams have a tunable density down to 0.1% of the bulk, and a surface area to volume ratio of up to 1,540,000:1. They exhibit highly attractive characteristics for hydrogen storage, in terms of loading capacity, rate of absorption and heat of absorption. The hydrogen absorption/desorption process is hysteretic in nature, accompanied by substantial lattice expansion/contraction as the foam converts between Pd and PdHx.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure

Warfare Analysis of Logistics Agility in a Contested Environment

NPS NRP Project PosterThis research will examine Naval logistics support requirements during peacetime and conflict in the South China Sea through wargaming and analysis studies. NPS student team designed wargames from the Wargaming Applications course and mini-studies from the Joint Campaign Analysis (JCA) course will be utilized to inform and underpin this program of research.N4 - Fleet Readiness & LogisticsThis research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Warfare Analysis of Logistics Agility in a Contested Environment

NPS NRP Technical ReportThis research will examine Naval logistics support requirements during peacetime and conflict in the South China Sea through wargaming and analysis studies. NPS student team designed wargames from the Wargaming Applications course and mini-studies from the Joint Campaign Analysis (JCA) course will be utilized to inform and underpin this program of research.N4 - Fleet Readiness & LogisticsThis research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

SOF-MAGTF Capabilities Integrations Analysis and Operational Modeling (Continuation)

NPS NRP Project PosterThis research, working in conjunction with ongoing NPS and MCWL efforts examining Expeditionary Advance Base Operations (EABO), will examine SOF-MAGTF Capabilities Integrations in a future Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO). This effort will focus on exploring, assessing and identify mechanisms that will allow MARSOC to better serve as a bridge for capabilities integration with SOF and deployed MAGTFs to fully maximize the complementary capabilities of each formation. This research will be conducted with multiple Joint Campaign Analysis and Wargaming Applications courses.Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC)Marine Corps Forces Command (COMMARFORCOM)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

SOF-MAGTF Capabilities Integrations Analysis and Operational Modeling (Continuation)

NPS NRP Executive SummaryThis research, working in conjunction with ongoing NPS and MCWL efforts examining Expeditionary Advance Base Operations (EABO), will examine SOF-MAGTF Capabilities Integrations in a future Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO). This effort will focus on exploring, assessing and identify mechanisms that will allow MARSOC to better serve as a bridge for capabilities integration with SOF and deployed MAGTFs to fully maximize the complementary capabilities of each formation. This research will be conducted with multiple Joint Campaign Analysis and Wargaming Applications courses.Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC)Marine Corps Forces Command (COMMARFORCOM)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

SOF-MAGTF Capabilities Integrations Analysis and Operational Modeling (Continuation)

NPS NRP Technical ReportThis research, working in conjunction with ongoing NPS and MCWL efforts examining Expeditionary Advance Base Operations (EABO), will examine SOF-MAGTF Capabilities Integrations in a future Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO). This effort will focus on exploring, assessing and identify mechanisms that will allow MARSOC to better serve as a bridge for capabilities integration with SOF and deployed MAGTFs to fully maximize the complementary capabilities of each formation. This research will be conducted with multiple Joint Campaign Analysis and Wargaming Applications courses.Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC)Marine Corps Forces Command (COMMARFORCOM)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Assess Intermediate Force Capabilities (IFC) and concept of operations for application during the Competition Phase in an environment of GPC

NPS NRP Executive SummaryIntermediate force capabilities represent a strategic risk mitigation investment that are designed to provide warfighters tools to compete below the level of major armed conflict without losing credibility in the information. This research examines the effects of a set of intermediate force capabilities to assess the strategic impact on a near peer adversary during the competition phase in a 'gray zone' scenario. The effort will seek to gain insights and identify challenges to the employment of IFCs, through several venues, including leveraging defense analysis and operations research department faculty and students and utilizing the NPS warfighting continuum of Joint Campaign Analysis and Wargaming Applications courses.HQMC Plans, Policies & Operations (PP&O)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Assess Intermediate Force Capabilities (IFC) and concept of operations for application during the Competition Phase in an environment of GPC

NPS NRP Project PosterIntermediate force capabilities represent a strategic risk mitigation investment that are designed to provide warfighters tools to compete below the level of major armed conflict without losing credibility in the information. This research examines the effects of a set of intermediate force capabilities to assess the strategic impact on a near peer adversary during the competition phase in a 'gray zone' scenario. The effort will seek to gain insights and identify challenges to the employment of IFCs, through several venues, including leveraging defense analysis and operations research department faculty and students and utilizing the NPS warfighting continuum of Joint Campaign Analysis and Wargaming Applications courses.HQMC Plans, Policies & Operations (PP&O)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Assess Intermediate Force Capabilities (IFC) and concept of operations for application during the Competition Phase in an environment of GPC

NPS NRP Technical ReportIntermediate force capabilities represent a strategic risk mitigation investment that are designed to provide warfighters tools to compete below the level of major armed conflict without losing credibility in the information. This research examines the effects of a set of intermediate force capabilities to assess the strategic impact on a near peer adversary during the competition phase in a 'gray zone' scenario. The effort will seek to gain insights and identify challenges to the employment of IFCs, through several venues, including leveraging defense analysis and operations research department faculty and students and utilizing the NPS warfighting continuum of Joint Campaign Analysis and Wargaming Applications courses.HQMC Plans, Policies & Operations (PP&O)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.