Effects of Bovine Respiratory Disease on Immune Response, Animal Performance, Nitrogen Balance, and Blood and Nutrient Flux Acros Total Splanchnic Tissues in Beef Steers

Objectives were to evaluate the effects of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) on immune response, cattle performance, carcass characteristics, visceral organ mass, apparent nutrient digestibility, nutrient retention, and blood flow and net flux of nutrients across the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver. Steers were challenged with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and/or Mannheimia haemolytica (MH).Findings and Conclusions: Steers challenged with BVDV and/or MH showed alterations in the immune system that were ultimately reflected in decreased performance and nitrogen balance. In addition, plasma amino acid concentrations were decreased and liver removal increased suggesting enhanced turnover of endogenously released amino acids. These changes in amino acid metabolism induced by BRD suggest that amino acid requirements are different for cattle undergoing an acute immune challenge and can remain increased even 14 days after the immune challenge occurs even though clinical or physiological manifestations of disease are no longer detectable.Department of Animal Scienc

Comparison between Manual and Automated Methods for Ki-67 Immunoexpression Quantification in Ameloblastomas

Ameloblastoma is a common and unpredictable odontogenic tumor with high relapse rates. Several studies assessing the proliferative capacity of these neoplasms have been published, mainly using the protein Ki-67. Cell counts must be completed to determine the cell proliferation rate. Multiple methods have been developed for this purpose. The most widely used method is the labeling index, which has undergone changes over time to better facilitate cell counting. Here, we compared manual cell counting methods with automated cell counting (ImmunoRatio) to determine the relative effectiveness of these methods. The results suggest that ImmunoRatio, a free software tool, may be highly advantageous and provide results similar to manual cell counting methods when used with the appropriate calibration. However, ImmunoRatio has flaws that may affect the labeling index results. Therefore, this automated cell counting method must be supplemented with manual cell counting methods

Relationship Between Morbidity and Performance in Feedlot Cattle

Five datasets from Canada, Oklahoma, Illinois, and Nebraska were used to determine the impact of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) on performance, with emphasis on dry matter intake (DMI) and feed to gain ratio (F:G). Data included pens and individually fed cattle. In general, cattle treated for BRD had lower DMI and average daily gain (ADG) with little to no effect on F:G. When BRD occured early in the feeding period (days), little change in performance was observed

Cátedra Itinerante de Estudios Interculturales Carlos Montemayor

Los días 11 y 12 de abril del presente año se llevó a cabo la inauguración de los trabajos de la Cátedra Itinerante de Estudios Interculturales Carlos Montemayor, cuya sede para el periodo 2013-2014 es la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez.

Effects of Barley Diets with Distillers Grains Plus Solubles on Feedlot Performance and N and P Balance

Effects of barley starch:NDF ratio and DDGS inclusion on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and N and P mass balance were evaluated in a commercial feedyard in Alberta, Canada. Yearling heifers were assigned randomly at reimplant to four treatments (0 or 20% DDGS and LOW or HIGH starch:NDF barley). Feeding LOW starch:NDF barley improved feedlot performance and increased N retention. Feeding 20% DDGS increased DMI, had a slight negative impact on F:G, and increased N and P losses

Bullying en estudiantes de nivel básico de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua

En este capitulo se da cuenta de los resultados de una investigación sobre los niveles de Bullying que viven los niños de primaria en Ciudad Juárez, Chih. México. Situación de violencia entre pares, que afecta en su vida presente y futura, tanto a las víctimas como a los victimarios

[Trends in mortality from drowning, Mexico, 1979-2005]

OBJECTIVE: To examine the trends in mortality from drowning in Mexico and each of its federal states during the period from 1979-2005. METHODS: Mortality rates and trends were estimated for the study period from Mexico's official data based on the International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revisions. Results were analyzed by age group, sex, and year registered, as well as by state and size of city or town of residence. RESULTS: From 1979-2005, there were 107 319 deaths by drowning registered. The mortality from drowning rate decreased 65.31% (from 6.58 per 100 000 inhabitants in 1979-1981 to 2.28 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2003-2005). This decrease was evident in all the age groups (ranging from 68.10% among 5-9 year olds to 54.30% among 1-4 years) and by state (ranging from 87.19% in Colima to 36.58% in Nayarit). During the three-year period from 2003-2005, drowning mortality was relatively greater among men and boys than among women and girls (rate: 5.46 (95%CI: 5.15-5.80); among the age groups 1-4 years (4.27 per 100 000) and 60 years or older (3.37 per 100 000 inhabitants); in the Tabasco state (5.92 per 100 000 inhabitants); and among towns with fewer than 2 499 inhabitants (4.03% per 100 000 inhabitants). CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico, the drowning mortality drowning rate is on a downward trend, although it remains a serious public health problem. Intensified efforts are needed to harness information regarding accidentals death from this cause, both from the epidemiological surveillance angle as well as through the implementation of eradicating interventions

Trends in mortality from drowning, Mexico, 1979-2005 [Tendencia de la mortalidad a consecuencia de asfixia por inmersión en México, 1979-2005]

Objective. To examine the trends in mortality from drowning in Mexico and each of its federal states during the period from 1979-2005. Methods. Mortality rates and trends were estimated for the study period from Mexico's official data based on the International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revisions. Results were analyzed by age group, sex, and year registered, as well as by state and size of city or town of residence. Results. From 1979-2005, there were 107 319 deaths by drowning registered. The mortality from drowning rate decreased 65.31% (from 6.58 per 100 000 inhabitants in 1979-1981 to 2.28 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2003-2005). This decrease was evident in all the age groups (ranging from 68.10% among 5-9 year olds to 54.30% among 1-4 years) and by state (ranging from 87.19% in Colima to 36.58% in Nayarit). During the three-year period from 2003-2005, drowning mortality was relatively greater among men and boys than among women and girls (rate: 5.46 (95%CI: 5.15-5.80); among the age groups 1-4 years (4.27 per 100 000) and 60 years or older (3.37 per 100 000 inhabitants); in the Tabasco state (5.92 per 100 000 inhabitants); and among towns with fewer than 2 499 inhabitants (4.03% per 100 000 inhabitants). Conclusions. In Mexico, the drowning mortality drowning rate is on a downward trend, although it remains a serious public health problem. Intensified efforts are needed to harness information regarding accidentals death from this cause, both from the epidemiological surveillance angle as well as through the implementation of eradicating interventions

[Trends in mortality from drowning, Mexico, 1979-2005]

OBJECTIVE: To examine the trends in mortality from drowning in Mexico and each of its federal states during the period from 1979-2005. METHODS: Mortality rates and trends were estimated for the study period from Mexico's official data based on the International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revisions. Results were analyzed by age group, sex, and year registered, as well as by state and size of city or town of residence. RESULTS: From 1979-2005, there were 107 319 deaths by drowning registered. The mortality from drowning rate decreased 65.31% (from 6.58 per 100 000 inhabitants in 1979-1981 to 2.28 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2003-2005). This decrease was evident in all the age groups (ranging from 68.10% among 5-9 year olds to 54.30% among 1-4 years) and by state (ranging from 87.19% in Colima to 36.58% in Nayarit). During the three-year period from 2003-2005, drowning mortality was relatively greater among men and boys than among women and girls (rate: 5.46 (95%CI: 5.15-5.80); among the age groups 1-4 years (4.27 per 100 000) and 60 years or older (3.37 per 100 000 inhabitants); in the Tabasco state (5.92 per 100 000 inhabitants); and among towns with fewer than 2 499 inhabitants (4.03% per 100 000 inhabitants). CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico, the drowning mortality drowning rate is on a downward trend, although it remains a serious public health problem. Intensified efforts are needed to harness information regarding accidentals death from this cause, both from the epidemiological surveillance angle as well as through the implementation of eradicating interventions