The Impact of Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity, and English Learner Status in Predicting Student Placement with an Individual Education Plan During the Third Through Eighth Grades

This study analyzed the predictive validity of certain demographic indicators and academic achievement assessments in determining designation of students with an Individual Education Plan (IEP). Specifically, the study examined the predictive validity of socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, English Learner (EL) status, gender, the Smarter Balanced Summative Assessment (SBAC) in English/language arts and the SBAC in mathematics as predictors of student designation with an IEP. This study used secondary data from the 2017-2018 school year from a large, urban California school district. Binomial logistic regression was used to analyze the secondary data. The analysis found a statistically significant impact of low socioeconomic status, gender, the race/ethnicities of American Indian/Native Alaskan, black/African American, and white, the SBAC in English/language arts, and the SBAC in mathematics on student designation with an IEP. Determining key factors that can be used to predict students’ designation with an IEP could assist school districts in providing supports to identified students previous to the students becoming deficient academically and potentially necessitating students’ designation with an IEP. Additionally, the results of this study may provide additional insights into the process of determining a student eligible for designation with an IEP in a large, urban California school district

Evaluation of wolf density estimation from radiotelemetry data

Thesis (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2001Density estimation of wolves (Canis lupus) requires a count of individuals and an estimate of area those individuals inhabit. With radiomarked wolves, the count is straightforward but estimation of area is more difficult and often given inadequate attention. The population area, based on the mosaic of pack territories, is influenced by sampling intensity similar to individual home ranges. If sampling intensity is low, population area will be underestimated and wolf density will be inflated. Using data from studies in Denali National Park and Preserve, I investigated these relationships using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate effects of radiolocation effort and number of marked packs on density estimation. As the number of adjoining pack home ranges increase, fewer relocations are necessary to define a given percentage of population area. I evaluated the utility of nonlinear regression to adjust for biases associated with under sampling and present recommendations for monitoring wolves via radiotelemetry

Relative response of sicklepod to and residual activity of some preemergence herbicides

Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia L.) is a very difficult weed to control. It is not known whether sicklepod can be more effectively controlled by herbicides used in corn (Zea mays L.) those used in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) or those used in soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Research was conducted to evaluate the relative response of sicklepod to several preemergence herbicides used for broadleaf weed control in corn, cotton or soybeans. Residual activity of these herbi-cides was also determined to discern possible carryover injury to rotational crops. Experiments were conducted at one location in 1982 and two locations in 1983 to evaluate sicklepod response to atrazine [2-chloro- 4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro- 6-(ethylamino)-s-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropionitrile}, simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine], fluometuron [1,I-dimethyl-3- (α,α,aα,-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea], diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1- dimethylurea], norflurazon [4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(α,α,α,-trifluoro-m- tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone], and metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3- (methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one]. Residual activity was determined using both field and greenhouse bioassays. The order of herbicidal effectiveness for sicklepod control among the herbicides commonly used in corn was: atrazine \u3e simazine \u3e cyanazine. The order of herbicide effectiveness for the herbicides commonly used in cotton was: fluometuron \u3e diuron = norflurazon \u3e cyanazine. Of the herbicide treatments available for use in soybeans. a single preemergence application of metribuzin was not as effective as the metribuzin system which consists of a preemergence application of alachlor [2-chloro-2\u27,6\u27-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] plus metri-buzin followed by toxaphene (chlorinated camphene, 67 to 69% chlorine) plus crop oil early postemergence followed by metribuzin plus 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] applied late postemergence. The only treatments that consistently provided season long control were atrazine at 4.48 kg ai/ha, atrazine at 3.36 kg ai/ha and atrazine plus simazine at 2.24 plus 1.12 kg ai/ha. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were susceptible to residual injury from the highest rate of atrazine. Wheat was more susceptible to norflurazon residual injury than the other rotational crops. Vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) was the most tolerant crop tested in regard to residual injury from any of the herbicides studied. In the greenhouse, cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) were more susceptible to resid-ual herbicide injury than the cover crops in the field. Where little or no injury to cucumbers was observed from residues in soil samples taken from treated field plots, no residual injury to cover crops was observed in the field. If corn is to be grown on an area infested with sicklepod, at least 3.36 kg ai/ha of atrazine or a herbicide combination containing at least 2.24 kg ai/ha atrazine will be necessary to provide acceptable sicklepod control. A higher potential for residual injury to subsequent crops exists as atrazine rates are increased. If cotton is to be grown, fluometuron at 1.68 kg ai/ha provides the best control of sicklepod; however, subsequent postemergence herbicide applications or other methods of weed control must be employed to give adequate season long control. Metribuzin at 0.56 kg ai/ha provides excellent control of sicklepod for 2 to 3 weeks in soybeans, but for season long control the metribuzin system should be used. There was no residual injury to cover crops from these soybean treatments. Land infested with sicklepod can be more economically and effec-tively managed if corn is grown rather than cotton or soybeans

The distribution and ecology of the terrestrial shell-bearing mollusca of Hanover, Henrico, and Chesterfield counties, Virginia

Very little has been published concerning the molluscan fauna of Virginia, this being also true for the area under consideration. A preliminary list of the Mollusca of Hanover County was published by J.B.Burch (1952) in which twenty-five species and subspecies of land snails were reported. Several of the land Mollusca of Henrico and Chesterfield Counties were listed by P.R. Burch (1950). These included the snails Discus patulus Deshayes, Haplotrema concavum (Say), Mesodon thyroidus (Say), Stenotrema hirsutum (Say), Triodopsis Fallax (Say), and Ventridens = (zonitoides) arboreus (Say). Two additional species, Helicodiscus parallelus (Say) and Retinella indentata (Say), were reported by personal communication. Triodopsis obsoleta .= (Triodopsis hopetonensis obsoleta) (Pilsbry) was reported by Hubricht (1953) as being an introduced form in Richmond but specimens have not been found in the present study. Pilsy (1939-48) does not list any snails from the area dealt with here

Student Engagement: An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Implementing Mandatory Web-Based Learning Systems

Student engagement has, and will continue to be, a key desire for educators. However, some policies that are aimed at increasing engagement may actually have the opposite effect. This study of 98 students investigates one mandatory policy to use a web-based learning system and presents the level of student engagement compared to other classes where the learning system was not used. Results show that students that were required to use the web-based material had lower engagement, thus providing evidence that participation is not synonymous with engagement. Implications for practice and research are proposed

County road administration : A guide for county court judges

"Governmental Affairs Program, Department of Political Science, College of Administration and Public Affairs and the University Extension Division Cooperating""8/81/600

What factors influence mitigative capacity ?

Cet article s'intéresse aux déterminants de la capacité à atténuer le changement climatique. Ceux-ci ont été élaborés initialement dans un papier de Yohe puis dans le troisième rapport d'évaluation du GIEC. Après avoir revisité la définition de la capacité à atténuer le changement climatique, nous identifions trois groupes de facteurs influençant de façon croisée cette capacité : des facteurs économiques, technologiques et institutionnels. Au niveau économique, ce sont à la fois le revenu, le coût de réduction des émissions et le coût d'opportunité lié aux réductions qui forgent la capacité d'atténuation. Du côté technologique, c'est la capacité à absorber ou à développer des technologies peu émettrices de gaz à effet de serre qui est déterminante. Enfin, au niveau institutionnel, l'efficacité de la régulation gouvernementale, la transparence des règles de marché, une main d'œuvre qualifiée et une sensibilisation de la population sont des éléments clés. Notre analyse est menée à la fois qualitativement et quantitativement. Elle permet de montrer comment les facteurs influençant la capacité d'atténuation varient d'un pays à l'autrechangement climatique ; capacité d'atténuation ; politique environnementale

Acetylation of albumin by low doses of aspirin

Aspirin has a variety of pharmacologic actions, which are expressed at different doses of the drug. An effect on platelet function occurs at very low doses of aspirin (1,2). Indeed, a large number of clinical trials have been carried out to assess whether low to moderate doses of aspirin (180 to 1500 mg per day) taken prophylactically will affect the natural history of a variety of diseases in which thrombosis is thought to play a role (3)

Administrative Withdrawal Policies: ‘Good’ Policies or ‘Bad’ Ethics

Many universities have adopted Administrative Withdrawal Policies that allow administrators to remove students from classes without the student’s permission. These policies potentially protect students but also provide a means of artificially improving key funding metrics. This study uses Agency Theory to examine over 1,100 Division I, II, and III U.S. universities and compares the usage of Administrative Withdrawal Policies to state and federal funding. Results show Division II schools receiving less state funding have adopted these policies at a higher rate than Division II schools receiving more. Recommendations for future use of these policies is provided

The Effect of Forum Selection Clauses on District Courts’ Authority to Compel Arbitration

This is a short piece written for the AAA\u27s Dispute Resolution Journal on two competing provisions in Section 4 of the FAA. One provision tells district courts to compel arbitration in accordance with the parties\u27 agreement, including any forum selection clause. The other says that the court can compel arbitration only within its own territory. This, of course, creates a problem when the forum selection clause calls for arbitration in another jurisdiction. This short article addresses the conflict, showing how courts tend to rule on the issue (as of 2006)