“Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11 – Collection of Data

The following research, divided into four deliverables (“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 9 – Collection of Data/ “Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation / ”Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11 – Collection of Data /” Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation), is the result of a year of studying the role of Tacit Knowledge and the relevance of methods in practice-based research. The study drew on the reflections and research undertaken by a group of practice-based PhD candidates from different creative disciplines, such as architecture, landscape architecture, design and visual art, coming from Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Candidates and authors of the research were part of a network of practitioners created by the ADAPT-r ITN Project (www.adapt-r.eu). Seven European institutions participated for three years in this project: Glasgow School of Art, RMIT Europe, Estonian Academy of Arts, Aarhus School of Architecture, KU Leuven, University of Westminster, University of Ljubljana. The project aimed to foster and disseminate the model of the practice-based PhD in Europe, training new researchers and creating a new network of innovative researchers. Key elements and “place and moment” of the ADAPT-r Methodology were the Practice Research Symposium (PRS), which were held twice a year at RMIT Europe (Barcelona) and KU Leuven (Ghent). Those moments represented a collective space of learning for the researchers/practitioners (together with supervisors and peers) in both formal and informal ways and were moments of discussion and encounter within the community where the candidates were able to show their progress in the research in a space of friendliness and generosity. The authors of the research, Dr. Dorotea Ottaviani (GSA), Dr. Alice Buoli (Estonian Academy of Arts), and Dr. Cecilia De Marinis (RMIT Barcelona), approached the theme using qualitative research methodology: interviewing practitioners about their research; designing and leading workshops on the topics of Tacit Knowledge and Research Methods; running roundtables with PhD supervisors; undertaking field-trips with practitioners and observing the results and development of their research in the PRS presentations. The results of this research are explained through three main branches of interpretation: diagrams (explicating the structure of the project and the methodology fostered by ADAPT-r), ‘focused views’ (namely individual accounts of a selection of Venturous Creative Practices, with a description and interpretation of each practice through the reading keys of Tacit Knowledge and Refinement and Explication of Methods) and ‘cross views’ (accounts of the ‘fields’ of interest emerged from the exploration of the practitioners’ work, fields that are common to several practitioners, although explored in personal and individual way). The research, leading to these results, received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007- 2013/ under REA grant agreement n° 317325

Beyond the border: exploring cross-scalar socio-spatial dynamics of conflict, resistance and encounter at the Ceuta-Morocco borderscapes

Along and across the border between the Spanish enclave of Ceuta and Morocco, cooperative and conflictual interactions, and a local amendment to the European Union external borders regime, have produced a multiplicity of everyday 'atypical' trade dynamics. These, in turn, have shaped the socio-spatial configurations of the enclave and, far beyond, of the neighbouring Tanger-Tetouan Region. Adopting the notion of borderscapes as its main conceptual perspective, combined with research undertaken in Morocco, this article suggests that existing relational spaces and (informal) interactions can be catalysts for new perspectives of socio-spatial integration along and across the border, within the 'cracks' of current border regimes

“Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation

The following research, divided into four deliverables (“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 9 – Collection of Data/ “Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation / ”Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11 – Collection of Data /” Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation), is the result of a year of studying the role of Tacit Knowledge and the relevance of methods in practice-based research. The study drew on the reflections and research undertaken by a group of practice-based PhD candidates from different creative disciplines, such as architecture, landscape architecture, design and visual art, coming from Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Candidates and authors of the research were part of a network of practitioners created by the ADAPT-r ITN Project (www.adapt-r.eu). Seven European institutions participated for three years in this project: Glasgow School of Art, RMIT Europe, Estonian Academy of Arts, Aarhus School of Architecture, KU Leuven, University of Westminster, University of Ljubljana. The project aimed to foster and disseminate the model of the practice-based PhD in Europe, training new researchers and creating a new network of innovative researchers. Key elements and “place and moment” of the ADAPT-r Methodology were the Practice Research Symposium (PRS), which were held twice a year at RMIT Europe (Barcelona) and KU Leuven (Ghent). Those moments represented a collective space of learning for the researchers/practitioners (together with supervisors and peers) in both formal and informal ways and were moments of discussion and encounter within the community where the candidates were able to show their progress in the research in a space of friendliness and generosity. The authors of the research, Dr. Dorotea Ottaviani (GSA), Dr. Alice Buoli (Estonian Academy of Arts), and Dr. Cecilia De Marinis (RMIT Barcelona), approached the theme using qualitative research methodology: interviewing practitioners about their research; designing and leading workshops on the topics of Tacit Knowledge and Research Methods; running roundtables with PhD supervisors; undertaking field-trips with practitioners and observing the results and development of their research in the PRS presentations. The results of this research are explained through three main branches of interpretation: diagrams (explicating the structure of the project and the methodology fostered by ADAPT-r), ‘focused views’ (namely individual accounts of a selection of Venturous Creative Practices, with a description and interpretation of each practice through the reading keys of Tacit Knowledge and Refinement and Explication of Methods) and ‘cross views’ (accounts of the ‘fields’ of interest emerged from the exploration of the practitioners’ work, fields that are common to several practitioners, although explored in personal and individual way). The research, leading to these results, received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007- 2013/ under REA grant agreement n° 317325

“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation

The following research, divided into four deliverables (“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 9 – Collection of Data/ “Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation / ”Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11 – Collection of Data /” Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation), is the result of a year of studying the role of Tacit Knowledge and the relevance of methods in practice-based research. The study drew on the reflections and research undertaken by a group of practice-based PhD candidates from different creative disciplines, such as architecture, landscape architecture, design and visual art, coming from Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Candidates and authors of the research were part of a network of practitioners created by the ADAPT-r ITN Project (www.adapt-r.eu). Seven European institutions participated for three years in this project: Glasgow School of Art, RMIT Europe, Estonian Academy of Arts, Aarhus School of Architecture, KU Leuven, University of Westminster, University of Ljubljana. The project aimed to foster and disseminate the model of the practice-based PhD in Europe, training new researchers and creating a new network of innovative researchers. Key elements and “place and moment” of the ADAPT-r Methodology were the Practice Research Symposium (PRS), which were held twice a year at RMIT Europe (Barcelona) and KU Leuven (Ghent). Those moments represented a collective space of learning for the researchers/practitioners (together with supervisors and peers) in both formal and informal ways and were moments of discussion and encounter within the community where the candidates were able to show their progress in the research in a space of friendliness and generosity. The authors of the research, Dr. Dorotea Ottaviani (GSA), Dr. Alice Buoli (Estonian Academy of Arts), and Dr. Cecilia De Marinis (RMIT Barcelona), approached the theme using qualitative research methodology: interviewing practitioners about their research; designing and leading workshops on the topics of Tacit Knowledge and Research Methods; running roundtables with PhD supervisors; undertaking field-trips with practitioners and observing the results and development of their research in the PRS presentations. The results of this research are explained through three main branches of interpretation: diagrams (explicating the structure of the project and the methodology fostered by ADAPT-r), ‘focused views’ (namely individual accounts of a selection of Venturous Creative Practices, with a description and interpretation of each practice through the reading keys of Tacit Knowledge and Refinement and Explication of Methods) and ‘cross views’ (accounts of the ‘fields’ of interest emerged from the exploration of the practitioners’ work, fields that are common to several practitioners, although explored in personal and individual way). The research, leading to these results, received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007- 2013/ under REA grant agreement n° 317325

The effect of counseling with a skills training approach on maternal functioning: a randomized controlled clinical trial

BACKGROUND: The role of the mother can be deeply satisfying, but it is associated with many challenges including challenges during the postpartum period that may impede the optimal development of the infant. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of counseling using the Skills Training Approach (STA) on postpartum maternal functioning. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 68 postpartum women who referred to health centers of Tabriz-Iran in 2019. Participants were assigned to one of two groups - either counseling or control through the block randomization method. The intervention group received four counseling sessions using the Skills Training Approach (STA). Before and two weeks after the completion of the intervention, the Barkin Index of Maternal Functionning (BIMF) was completed by the participants. The independent t-test and ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and the baseline scores of the BIMF and its domains (p\u2009>\u20090.05). Before the intervention, the mean (SD) total score of the BIMF in the intervention group was 73.1 (8.5) and in the control group, it was 71.6 (4.8). Post-intervention, the mean (SD) of the total score of the BIMF in the intervention group was 95.8 (11.8) and in the control group, it was 70.3 (4.5). Based on the ANCOVA test and after adjusting the baseline score, the mean total score of the BIMF was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (Mean Difference (MD): 22.9; 95% CI: 18.2 to 27.6; p\u2009<\u20090.001). The post-intervention scores of all domains of the BIMF including self-care (MD: 3.8), infant care (MD: 2.0), mother-child interaction (MD: 4.8), psychological wellbeing (MD: 8.4), social support (MD: 4.0), management (MD: 6.8), and adjustment to new motherhood (MD: 3.2) were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (P\u2009<\u20090.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, counseling, using STA, was effective in improving maternal functioning in all of the domains. This intervention, aimed at skill-building, should be strongly considered where improved postpartum functioning is the goal

Clinical characteristics and long-term response to mood stabilizers in patients with bipolar disorder and different age at onset

INTRODUCTION : bipolar disorder (BD) is a prevalent, comorbid, and impairing condition. Potential predictors of response to pharmacological treatment are object of continuous investigation in patients with BD. The present naturalistic study was aimed to assess clinical features and long-term response to mood stabilizers in a sample of bipolar subjects with different ages at onset METHODS : the study sample included 108 euthymic patients, diagnosed as affected by BD, either type I or II, according to the DSM-IV-TR, who were started on mood stabilizer treatment. Patients were followed-up for 24 months and the occurrence of any mood episode collected. At the end of the follow-up, patients were divided in 3 subgroups according to the age at onset (early-onset 30-45 years, respectively) and the long-term response to mood stabilizers was compared between them along with other clinical features RESULTS : the three subgroups showed significant differences in terms of clinical and demographic features and, with respect to long-term response to mood stabilizers, the early-onset subgroup showed a better outcome in terms of reduction of major depressive episodes during the 24-month follow-up compared to the other subgroups (one way ANOVA, F = 3.57, p = 0.032) CONCLUSIONS : even though further controlled studies are needed to clarify the relationship between age at onset and outcome in BD, the present follow-up study suggests clinical peculiarities and different patterns of response to mood stabilizers across distinct subgroups of patients with BD and different ages at onset

The Risk of Thrombocytopenia During Valproic Acid Therapy : A Critical Summary of Available Clinical Data

Valproate is an effective anti-epileptic and mood stabilizer drug, but its prescription may be complicated by the development of thrombocytopenia. The purpose of the present manuscript is to provide a critical overview about the risk of thrombocytopenia during treatment with valproate. A search of the main database sources has been conducted to identify relevant papers about the topic. In the studies with a larger sample size (> 150 subjects), thrombocytopenia occurred in 12-18% of subjects receiving treatment with valproate. Advanced age, female gender, and high doses were found to be risk factors for the development of thrombocytopenia during treatment with valproate. Future research is needed to clarify the clinical impact of the occurrence of thrombocytopenia during valproate treatment (e.g., the risk of life-threatening events such as stroke or the development of thrombocytopenia during short- versus long-term administration, or oral versus intravenous formulations)

Perinatal major depression biomarkers: a systematic review

Postpartum depression, now termed perinatal depression by the DSM-5, is a clinically relevant disorder reaching 15% of incidence. Although it is quite frequent and associated with high social dysfunction, only recently its underpinning biological pathways have been explored, while multiple and concomitant risk factors have been identified (e.g. psychosocial stress). Peripartum depression usually has its onset during the third trimester of pregnancy or in the postpartum, being one of the most common medical complications in new mothers. Purpose of the present review is to summarize the state of art of biological biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of perinatal depression, in view of the fact that suboptimal prenatal milieu can induce permanent damage in subsequent offspring life and have a negative impact on mother-child relationship. Furthermore, parents' biological changes due to medical/psychiatric disorders or stress exposure could influence offspring life: a concept known as 'intergenerational transmission', acting by variations into gametes and the gestational uterine environment. Given the evidence that perinatal mental disorders involve risks for the mother and offspring, the search for reliable biomarkers in high-risk mothers actually represents a medical priority to prevent perinatal depression