Community Participation in People with Disabilities

Despite the fact that participation is an important building and a valuable target, the conceptualization, identification and measurement methods vary widely. This chapter tried to gain an insider’s perspective from the obstacles that summarize what meaning participation means, how to characterize it, and what prevents and supports participation. Participation is seen as a right and a responsibility attributed to and attributed to both the person and the community. Participation does not take place in a vacuum; the environment dynamically influences participation. The effects of this conceptual framework are discussed for change at the level of evaluation, research and systems to support the participation of the people with disability

Adaptation and psychometric testing of the Turkish evaluation of daily activity questionnaire in people with rheumatoid arthritis

Purpose: The aims were to translate the Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire (EDAQ) into Turkish, then test validity and reliability in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Turkey. Material and Methods: Phase 1: The EDAQ was forward and backward translated, culturally adapted following cognitive debriefing interviews with participants with RA (n=10) and finalised by an expert committee. Phase 2: Participants (n=215) completed a questionnaire including the EDAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and Short-Form 36 v1 (SF-36v1). Two weeks later, the EDAQ was again completed for test-retest reliability (n=82:38%). Internal construct validity was assessed using Rasch analysis. Internal consistency, concurrent validity, and test-retest reliability were assessed. Results: Following cultural adaptation, one item was removed, and examples increased or changed. Cronbach’s α values were 0.71 – 0.93 for all EDAQ domains, i.e., acceptable to good. The EDAQ met Rasch model requirements for fit (excellent construct validity: p>0.05). Concurrent validity was moderate to strong for most EDAQ domains with HAQ (rs 0.49-0.81) and SF-36-v1 Physical Function (rs 0.42-0.70). There was excellent test-retest reliability for all domains (ICC (2,1): 0.95-1.00).Conclusion: The Turkish EDAQ is a valid, reliable measure of daily activity ability for use in practice and research with Turkish speakers with RA

The Effects of Pencil Grip Posture and Different Desk Designs on Handwriting Performance in Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different ergonomic desk designs and pencil grip patterns on handwriting performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy and healthy children. Methods: Twenty-six children with left hemiplegic cerebral palsy and 32 typically developing children were included. The Minnesota Handwriting Assessment was used to evaluate handwriting abilities. Pencil grip posture was assessed with a 5-point rating system. Specifically designed adjustable desks and chairs were used. Four different desk types were used in this study: 1) regular desk; 2) regular desk with a 20 degrees inclination; 3) cutout desk; and 4) cutout desk with a 20 degrees inclination. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between both groups in terms of handwriting ability (p 0.05). We found that children with cerebral palsy had better performance using cutout desks in relation to rate and spacing parameters of handwriting (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrated that the pencil grip patterns have no effect on the handwriting parameters in both children with cerebral palsy and healthy children. It is recommended that a cutout table be used to provide more upper extremity support in handwriting activities for students with cerebral palsy.WoSScopu

Os efeitos da postura de pega do lápis e de diferentes modelos de mesa sobre o desempenho na caligrafia de crianças com paralisia cerebral hemiplégica

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito de diferentes modelos ergon&#244;micos de mesa e dos padrões de pega do lápis sobre o desempenho na caligrafia de crianças com paralisia cerebral hemiplégica e de crianças saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Vinte e seis crianças com paralisia cerebral hemiplégica esquerda e 32 crianças com desenvolvimento normal foram incluídas. O Minnesota Handwriting Assessment foi utilizado para avaliar as habilidades de caligrafia. A postura de pega do lápis foi avaliada por meio de um sistema de avaliação de 5 pontos. Mesas e cadeiras ajustáveis especificamente projetadas foram utilizadas. Quatro tipos diferentes de mesas foram usados neste estudo: 1) mesa padrão; 2) mesa padrão com 20° de inclinação; 3) mesa recortada; e 4) mesa recortada com 20° de inclinação. RESULTADOS: Diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram encontradas entre os dois grupos no que se refere à habilidade de caligrafia (p < 0,001). Não houve diferença significativa com relação aos escores de pega entre as crianças com paralisia cerebral e as crianças saudáveis (p > 0,05). Constatamos que as crianças com paralisia cerebral tiveram melhor desempenho utilizando as mesas recortadas nos parâmetros velocidade e espaçamento da caligrafia (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados de nosso estudo demonstraram que os padrões de pega do lápis não têm efeito sobre os parâmetros da caligrafia tanto das crianças com paralisia cerebral quanto das crianças saudáveis. Recomenda-se que mesas recortadas sejam usadas para oferecer mais apoio para os membros superiores de estudantes com paralisia cerebral durante atividades de caligrafia

Effects of Occupational Therapy via Telerehabilitation on Occupational Balance, Well-Being, Intrinsic Motivation and Quality of Life in Syrian Refugee Children in COVID-19 Lockdown: A Randomized Controlled Trial

We aimed to evaluate the effects of an occupational training program via telerehabilitation on well-being (WB), occupational balance (OB), intrinsic motivation (IM), and quality of life (QoL) in Syrian refugee children resettled in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a single-center, prospective, randomized, non-blinded trial in which children aged 13&ndash;15 years and attending a secondary school were recruited. OB, WB, IM, and QoL were evaluated via the OB Questionnaire (OBQ11), the Well-Star Scale (WSS), the IM Scale (IMS), and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The intervention group attended online occupational therapy classes. Online classes were carried out as five sessions per week, each session lasting 1 h, for 3 weeks. Questionnaires were performed at the outset of the study and following the training program. Overall, 52 refugee children were randomized into the intervention and control groups, each including 26 children. The mean OBQ11, WSS, IMS, and PedsQL scores significantly improved more in the intervention group than in the control group. This was the first study investigating the effects of a customized online training course on OB, WB, IM, and QoL in Syrian refugee children, also affected unfavorably by the COVID-19 lockdown. Our results showed significant improvements in all the study scales that we used to quantify the alterations in the aforementioned traits

Effects of Occupational Therapy via Telerehabilitation on Occupational Balance, Well-Being, Intrinsic Motivation and Quality of Life in Syrian Refugee Children in COVID-19 Lockdown: A Randomized Controlled Trial

We aimed to evaluate the effects of an occupational training program via telerehabilitation on well-being (WB), occupational balance (OB), intrinsic motivation (IM), and quality of life (QoL) in Syrian refugee children resettled in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a single-center, prospective, randomized, non-blinded trial in which children aged 13–15 years and attending a secondary school were recruited. OB, WB, IM, and QoL were evaluated via the OB Questionnaire (OBQ11), the Well-Star Scale (WSS), the IM Scale (IMS), and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The intervention group attended online occupational therapy classes. Online classes were carried out as five sessions per week, each session lasting 1 h, for 3 weeks. Questionnaires were performed at the outset of the study and following the training program. Overall, 52 refugee children were randomized into the intervention and control groups, each including 26 children. The mean OBQ11, WSS, IMS, and PedsQL scores significantly improved more in the intervention group than in the control group. This was the first study investigating the effects of a customized online training course on OB, WB, IM, and QoL in Syrian refugee children, also affected unfavorably by the COVID-19 lockdown. Our results showed significant improvements in all the study scales that we used to quantify the alterations in the aforementioned traits