Current-induced phase transition in ballistic Ni nanocontacts

Local phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic state in the region of the ballistic Ni nanocontacts (NCs) has been experimentally observed. We found that contact size reduction leads to an increase in the bias voltage at which the local phase transition occurs. Presented theoretical interpretation of this phenomena takes into the account the specificity of the local heating of the ballistic NC and describes the electron's energy relaxation dependences on the applied voltage. The experimental data are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the theory proposed.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

The policy of memory as the tool of a sustainable development of multi-ethnic community: The experience of the Republic of Tatarstan

© The authors. The urgency of the problem under investigation is caused by the scientific and theoretical value and praxiological significance of studying and understanding the positive experience of a multi-ethnic region, associated with sustainable development based on the regulation of interethnic and interconfessional relations. The article aims at defining the place and the role of a large-scale museumification of sacral mnemonic places and the accented scientific and educational activity in the system of a regional policy of the heritage in the conditions of formation of a new political device and cardinal changes in the system of spiritual values in Russia between the late XIX and the early XX centuries. The leading approach used in the research is a systemic and functional method, realized in the "case study method" format by means of mobilization of the concepts "historical memory", "places of memory", "the policy of memory". The large-scale museumification and the scientific and educational activity corresponding to it are defined in the article as systemically important factors in the policy of memory and reconciliation. The main signs of an institutional commemoration connected with aspiration of the counterparty of the policy of memory to adapt opposite traumatic memories within new identity are designated. The research presents the stages and features of the museumification. It is confirmed by the idea of scientific narratives and the use of their results in educational and pedagogical activities as an essential condition of the semantic content of the places of memory. The materials of the article can be used for further development of problems of historical memory, in the process of teaching the humanities, and also formation of the policy in the sphere of the interfaith and interethnic relations

Visualization of mechanical stress of near-surface layer by analyze of MFM images of planar permalloy microparticles formed on surface

The work was support by RFBR 17-08-00915

Ballistic and Diffuse Electron Transport in Nanocontacts of Magnetics

The transition from the ballistic electron transport to the diffuse one is experimentally observed in the study of the magnetic phase transition in Ni nanocontacts with different sizes. It is shown that the voltage $U_C$ needed for Joule heating of the near-contact region to the critical temperature does not depend on the contact size only in the diffuse mode. For the ballistic contact it increases with decrease in the nanocontact size. The reduction of the transport electron mean free path due to heating of NCs may result in change of the electron transport mode from ballistic to diffusive one.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures accepted for the publication in JETPL (http://www.jetpletters.ac.ru). Will be published on 25 april 201

Investigation by MOKE and MFM of the domain structure transformation under mechanical deformations in permalloy microparticles

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. In this work, the change in the domain structure of planar permalloy microparticles due to mechanical stress has been studied. For this purpose, an array of particles in a mechanically stressed state was formed on a silicon substrate. In addition, the samples with the array of particles without tension were manufactured. The magnetic structure of the samples was visualized by magnetic force microscopy and hysteresis loops were obtained using the magneto-optical Kerr effect. It was established that the easy magnetization axis collinear to the direction of mechanical stress appears in particles due to mechanical compression. The distribution of magnetization of unstrained particles is mainly determined by the shape anisotropy

The effect of substrate and air humidity on morphology of films of L-leucyl-L-leucine dipeptide

The effect of a substrate and air humidity on the morphology of a thin film of L-leucyl-L-leucine dipeptide was studied. For this purpose, conditions for obtaining a thin film of the dipeptide were determined by thermal analysis. The morphology of L-leucyl-L-leucine film deposited on the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and mica at different humidities was studied by atomic force microscopy. It was established that film was formed on the surface of HOPG and uniformly coated with nanostructures, the sizes and shapes of which depended on the film thickness. Crystallization of the dipeptide with the formation of complex crystalline nanosized objects occurs on the surface of mica. An increase in air humidity results in a decrease in the geometric dimensions of nanostructures on the surface of the dipeptide film in the case of HOPG and complication of crystal agglomerate structure when mica was used as a substrate. © 2014 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Synthesis of porous silicon with silver nanoparticles by low-energy ion implantation

© 2015, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. In this paper, a new technique is proposed for synthesis of porous silicon (PSi) layers with silver nanoparticles based on the method of low-energy high-dose metal ion implantation into Si. In order to demonstrate this technique, the implantation at room temperature of a polished Si wafer by Ag+ ions with the ion energy of 30 keV, ion dose of 1.5 × 1017 ion/cm2, and ion current density of 8 µA/cm2 is carried out. Using methods of high resolution scanning electron and atomic-force microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and Raman scattering, it is shown that ion implantation results in the formation, on the surface of irradiated Si, of a thin amorphous layer of PSi with the average pore size of 150–180 nm, a pore depth of about 100 nm, and wall thickness between pores of about 30–60 nm. Moreover, the PSi structure contains Ag nanoparticles 5–15 nm in size. It is established that, during the ion implantation, the sputtering of the Si surface by Ag+ ions takes place, which was not observed previously. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that, in contrast to chemical techniques, the proposed physical technique for PSi formation can be integrated into the modern advanced process of fabricating and improving electronic circuits based on industrial ion implantation

Thermal stability, sorption properties and morphology of films of dipeptide and tripeptide based on L-glycine

The effect of the number of amino acid residues in L-glycyl-L-glycine and L-glycyl-L-glycyl-L-glycine on thermal stability of powders, the sorption properties and surface morphology of thin films has been found. Dipeptide forms the film coated with disk-shaped nano-objects on the hydrophilic substrate, while tripeptide self-organizes to the film coated with nano-crystals on the hydrophobic substrate. Replacement of substrates (hydrophilic→hydrophobic) leads to the formation of smooth films of studied oligopeptides. Powders of oligopeptides do not form stable clathrates with water and organic compounds at room temperature. But their thin films are capable to bind organic or water vapors with high thermodynamic activity. Surprising difference in sorption selectivity of dipeptide and tripeptide has been observed. L-glycyl-L-glycine predominantly binds organic H-donors, while L-glycyl-L-glycyl-L-glycine is more selective to H-aceptors

КОНВЕРСИОННЫЕ ИНТЕНЦИИ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ИСЛАМ: ПОПЫТКИ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ «ПУТЕЙ В ДУХОВНУЮ ПРАКТИКУ» (НА ОСНОВЕ МОНИТОРИНГА ПО РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАТАРСТАН)

This article is devoted to one of the aspects of revitalization of religious life on post-soviet space — returning/coming into  Islam  in contemporary Russia. The article attempts to systematize probable ways of becoming a person as a practicing believer. Author’s positions are enforced by data  received during  the monitoring of religious situation in Tatarstan that is carried out by the chair  of religious studies of Kazan Federal  University since 2011. Also authors raise a question about formatting of adequate religious-studies terminology in context of the  problem of transition  of person from  position of declared Islamic identity to position of practicing believer — in Russian orthodox tradition we have  a concept of “in-churchment”, that has no direct analog  in Islamic tradition. Данная статья посвящена одному из аспектов возрождения религиозной жизни на постсоветском пространстве — возвращению/приходу в ислам в современной России. В статье предпринята попытка систематизировать возможные пути становления человека в качестве практикующего верующего. Позиции авторов подкрепляются данными, полученными в ходе длящегося с 2011 г. мониторинга религиозной ситуации в Татарстане, проводимого кафедрой религиоведения Казанского федерального университета. Также авторы ставят вопрос о выработке адекватной религиоведческой терминологии применительно к проблеме перехода человека из состояния декларируемой исламской идентичности в состояние практикующего верующего — в русской христианской традиции имеется термин «воцерковление», прямого аналога которому в исламской традиции нет