High-pressure PEM water electrolyser performance up to 180 bar differential pressure

publishedVersio

Current status of fuel cell based combined heat and power systems forresidential sector

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is the sequential or simultaneous generation of multiple forms of usefulenergy, usually electrical and thermal, in a single and integrated system. Implementing CHP systems inthe current energy sector may solve energy shortages, climate change and energy conservation issues.This review paper is divided into six sections: thefirst part defines and classifies the types of fuel cellused in CHP systems; the second part discusses the current status of fuel cell CHP (FC-CHP) around theworld and highlights the benefits and drawbacks of CHP systems; the third part focuses on techniques formodelling CHP systems. The fourth section gives a thorough comparison and discussion of the two mainfuel cell technologies used in FC-CHP (PEMFC and SOFC), characterising their technical performance andrecent developments from the major manufacturers. Thefifth section describes all the main componentsof FC-CHP systems and explains the issues connected with their practical application. The last partsummarises the above, and reflects on micro FC-CHP system technology and its future prospects

High-Pressure PEM Water Electrolysis Stack and System Characterization

acceptedVersio

Behavioural study of PEMFC during start-up/shutdown cycling for aeronautic applications

Abstract The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates useful byproducts (oxygen-depleted air, water and heat) but addresses sensitive issues such as improving health conditions of airport personnel (silent operation minimizes noise) and decreasing greenhouse gas emission (in situ zero emissions). However, the PEMFC is yet to be industrialized due to its fast degrading components. The contribution of the several start-ups and shutdowns (a PEMFC undergoes when operated in aircraft) to the degradation is not well-understood. Hence, this study seeks to explore the effects of start-up/shutdown (SU/SD) cycling on a PEMFC’s lifetime. The SU/SD cycling is incorporated with heating to 60 °C and cooling to room temperature to mimic real-life temperature changes encountered in an aircraft. The tested membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were characterised for performance and evolution of its components to examine the extent and nature of degradation. More than two-thirds loss of electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of catalyst, Pt particle growth (4.71–6.41 nm) associated with Ostwald ripening and formation of PtO from adsorption of OH− by Pt–M surface were identified to be causes of the observed voltage decay at 0.196 mV h−1 rate. Hence, it is concluded that SU/SD cycling mostly affects the catalytic component of PEMFC in the aeronautic environment

Experimental Evaluation of Supercapacitor-Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source for HY-IEL Scooter

This paper presents the results of development of a hybrid fuel cell supercapacitor power system for vehicular applications that was developed and investigated at the Energy Sources Research Section of the Wroclaw Division of Electrotechnical Institute (IEL/OW). The hybrid power source consists of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack and an energy-type supercapacitor that supports the system in time of peak power demands. The developed system was installed in the HY-IEL electric scooter. The vehicle was equipped with auxiliary components (e.g., air compressor, hydrogen tank, and electromagnetic valves) needed for proper operation of the fuel cell stack, as well as electronic control circuits and a data storage unit that enabled on-line recording of system and vehicle operation parameters. Attention is focused on the system energy flow monitoring. The experimental part includes field test results of a vehicle powered with the fuel cell-supercapacitor system. Values of currents and voltages recorded for the system, as well as the vehicle’s velocity and hydrogen consumption rate, are presented versus time of the experiment. Operation of the hybrid power system is discussed and analysed based on the results of measurements obtained