113 research outputs found
Disorder-induced Spin Gap in the Zigzag Spin-1/2 Chain Cuprate Sr_{0.9}Ca_{0.1}CuO_2
We report a comparative study of 63Cu Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spin lattice
relaxation rates, T_1^{-1}, on undoped SrCuO_2 and Ca doped
Sr_{0.9}Ca_{0.1}CuO_2 spin chain compounds. A temperature independent T_1^{-1}
is observed for SrCuO_2 as expected for an S=1/2 Heisenberg chain.
Surprisingly, we observe an exponential decrease of T_1^{-1} for T < 90,K in
the Ca-doped sample evidencing the opening of a spin gap. The data analysis
within the J_1-J_2 Heisenberg model employing density-matrix renormalization
group calculations suggests an impurity driven small alternation of the
J_2-exchange coupling as a possible cause of the spin gap.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Magnetic excitations in two-leg spin 1/2 ladders: experiment and theory
Magnetic excitations in two-leg S=1/2 ladders are studied both experimentally
and theoretically. Experimentally, we report on the reflectivity, the
transmission and the optical conductivity sigma(omega) of undoped La_x Ca_14-x
Cu_24 O_41 for x=4, 5, and 5.2. Using two different theoretical approaches
(Jordan-Wigner fermions and perturbation theory), we calculate the dispersion
of the elementary triplets, the optical conductivity and the momentum-resolved
spectral density of two-triplet excitations for 0.2 <=
J_parallel/J_perpendicular <= 1.2. We discuss phonon-assisted two-triplet
absorption, the existence of two-triplet bound states, the two-triplet
continuum, and the size of the exchange parameters.Comment: 6 pages, 7 eps figures, submitted to SNS 200
Magnetodielectric and magnetoelastic coupling in TbFe3(BO3)4
We have studied the magnetodielectric and magnetoelastic coupling in
TbFe3(BO3)4 single crystals by means of capacitance, magnetostriction and Raman
spectroscopy measurements. The data reveal strong magnetic field effects on the
dielectric constant and on the macroscopic sample length which are associated
to long range magnetic ordering and a field-driven metamagnetic transition. We
discuss the coupling of the dielectric, structural, and magnetic order
parameters and attribute the origin of the magnetodielectric coupling to phonon
mode shifts according to the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller (LST) relation.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review
Specific heat of CaNaFeAs single crystals: unconventional s multi-band superconductivity with intermediate repulsive interband coupling and sizable attractive intraband couplings
We report a low-temperature specific heat study of high-quality single
crystals of the heavily hole doped superconductor
CaNaFeAs. This compound exhibits bulk
superconductivity with a transition temperature \,K, which is
evident from the magnetization, transport, and specific heat measurements. The
zero field data manifests a significant electronic specific heat in the normal
state with a Sommerfeld coefficient mJ/mol K. Using a
multi-band Eliashberg analysis, we demonstrate that the dependence of the zero
field specific heat in the superconducting state is well described by a
three-band model with an unconventional s pairing symmetry and gap
magnitudes of approximately 2.35, 7.48, and -7.50 meV. Our analysis
indicates a non-negligible attractive intraband coupling,which contributes
significantly to the relatively high value of . The Fermi surface averaged
repulsive and attractive coupling strengths are of comparable size and outside
the strong coupling limit frequently adopted for describing high- iron
pnictide superconductors. We further infer a total mass renormalization of the
order of five, including the effects of correlations and electron-boson
interactions.Comment: 8 Figures, Submitted to PR
Highly Dispersive Spin Excitations in the Chain Cuprate Li2CuO2
We present an inelastic neutron scattering investigation of Li2CuO2 detecting
the long sought quasi-1D magnetic excitations with a large dispersion along the
CuO2-chains studied up to 25 meV. The total dispersion is governed by a
surprisingly large ferromagnetic (FM) nearest-neighbor exchange integral
J1=-228 K. An anomalous quartic dispersion near the zone center and a
pronounced minimum near (0,0.11,0.5) r.l.u. (corresponding to a spiral
excitation with a pitch angle about 41 degree point to the vicinity of a 3D
FM-spiral critical point. The leading exchange couplings are obtained applying
standard linear spin-wave theory. The 2nd neighbor inter-chain interaction
suppresses a spiral state and drives the FM in-chain ordering below the Ne'el
temperature. The obtained exchange parameters are in agreement with the results
for a realistic five-band extended Hubbard Cu 3d O 2p model and L(S)DA+U
predictions.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Europhys. Let
Non-Fermi-liquid scattering rates and anomalous band dispersion in ferropnictides
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is used to study the band
dispersion and the quasiparticle scattering rates in two ferropnictides
systems. Our ARPES results show linear-in-energy dependent scattering rates
which are constant in a wide range of control parameter and which depend on the
orbital character of the bands. We demonstrate that the linear energy
dependence gives rise to weakly dispersing band with a strong mass enhancement
when the band maximum crosses the chemical potential. In the superconducting
phase the related small effective Fermi energy favors a
Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)\,\cite{Bardeen1957}-Bose-Einstein
(BE)\,\cite{Bose1924} crossover state.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures Supplement 4 pages, 6 figure
Evidence of d-wave Superconductivity in K_(1-x)Na_xFe_2As_2 (x = 0, 0.1) Single Crystals from Low-Temperature Specific Heat Measurements
From the measurement and analysis of the specific heat of high-quality
K_(1-x)Na_xFe_2As_2 single crystals we establish the presence of large T^2
contributions with coefficients alpha_sc ~ 30 mJ/mol K^3 at low-T for both x=0
and 0.1. Together with the observed square root field behavior of the specific
heat in the superconducting state both findings evidence d-wave
superconductivity on almost all Fermi surface sheets with an average gap
amplitude of Delta_0 in the range of 0.4 - 0.8 meV. The derived Delta_0 and the
observed T_c agree well with the values calculated within the Eliashberg
theory, adopting a spin-fluctuation mediated pairing in the intermediate
coupling regime.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, field dependence of the specific heat added,
slightly changed title, changed sequence of authors, one author added,
accepted by Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communication
Dynamics in treatment response and disease progression of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with focus on BRAF status and primary tumor location: analysis of untreated RAS-wild-type mCRC patients receiving FOLFOXIRI either with or without panitumumab in the VOLFI trial (AIO KRK0109)
Purpose: In mCRC, disease dynamics may play a critical role in the understanding of long-term outcome. We evaluated depth of response (DpR), time to DpR, and post-DpR survival as relevant endpoints.
Methods: We analyzed DpR by central review of computer tomography images (change from baseline to smallest tumor diameter), early tumor shrinkage (≥ 20% reduction in tumor diameter at first reassessment), time to DpR (study randomization to DpR-image), post-DpR progression-free survival (pPFS = DpR-image to tumor progression or death), and post-DpR overall survival (pOS = DpR-image to death) with special focus on BRAF status in 66 patients and primary tumor site in 86 patients treated within the VOLFI-trial, respectively.
Results: BRAF wild-type (BRAF-WT) compared to BRAF mutant (BRAF-MT) patients had greater DpR (− 57.6% vs. − 40.8%, p = 0.013) with a comparable time to DpR [4.0 (95% CI 3.1–4.4) vs. 3.9 (95% CI 2.5–5.5) months; p = 0.8852]. pPFS was 6.5 (95% CI 4.9–8.0) versus 2.6 (95% CI 1.2–4.0) months in favor of BRAF-WT patients (HR 0.24 (95% CI 0.11–0.53); p < 0.001). This transferred into a significant difference in pOS [33.6 (95% CI 26.0–41.3) vs. 5.4 (95% CI 5.0–5.9) months; HR 0.27 (95% CI 0.13–0.55); p < 0.001]. Similar observations were made for patients stratified for primary tumor site.
Conclusions: BRAF-MT patients derive a less profound treatment response compared to BRAF-WT patients. The difference in outcome according to BRAF status is evident after achievement of DpR with BRAF-MT patients hardly deriving any further disease control beyond DpR. Our observations hint towards an aggressive tumor evolution in BRAF-MT tumors, which may already be molecularly detectable at the time of DpR
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