CORRELATION BETWEEN BMI, DENTAL CARIES AND SALIVARY BUFFER CAPACITY IN A SAMPLE OF CHILDREN FROM MURES COUNTY, ROMANIA

Both dental caries and malnutrition in children are serious public health problems with diet as a common risk factor. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between dental caries, Body Mass Index (BMI) and salivary buffer capacity in children. Materials and Method: The first part of the study was conducted on 144 children, aged between 6 and 12 years, examined in the Pediatric Dentistry Department of UMF Tirgu Mures. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organisation. The sample was divided into four groups based on BMI: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese for age. Dental caries were evaluated using the DMFT (Decayed Missing Filled Teeth) index for permanent dentition and dmft (decayed missing filled teeth) for deciduous dentition. Salivary buffer capacity was recorded with CRT Buffer Strips from Ivoclar Vivadent. Results: The mean age of the sample was 9.11 ± 0.19 years, the mean dmft was 2.58 ± 0.26 and mean DMFT 1.76 ± 0.2. The underweight group presented a significantly higher dmft index compared to the other groups. A negative correlation between the salivary buffer capacity and the caries index was found. Conclusions: Because the results of this preliminary study show a higher caries incidence in underweight children, the relationship between dental caries and malnutrition should be further investigated. Dentists and physicians treating children should consider malnutrition as a risk factor for dental caries

CORRELATION BETWEEN BMI, DENTAL CARIES AND SALIVARY BUFFER CAPACITY IN A SAMPLE OF CHILDREN FROM MURES COUNTY, ROMANIA

Both dental caries and malnutrition in children are serious public health problems with diet as a common risk factor. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between dental caries, Body Mass Index (BMI) and salivary buffer capacity in children. Materials and Method: The first part of the study was conducted on 144 children, aged between 6 and 12 years, examined in the Pediatric Dentistry Department of UMF Tirgu Mures. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organisation. The sample was divided into four groups based on BMI: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese for age. Dental caries were evaluated using the DMFT (Decayed Missing Filled Teeth) index for permanent dentition and dmft (decayed missing filled teeth) for deciduous dentition. Salivary buffer capacity was recorded with CRT Buffer Strips from Ivoclar Vivadent. Results: The mean age of the sample was 9.11 ± 0.19 years, the mean dmft was 2.58 ± 0.26 and mean DMFT 1.76 ± 0.2. The underweight group presented a significantly higher dmft index compared to the other groups. A negative correlation between the salivary buffer capacity and the caries index was found. Conclusions: Because the results of this preliminary study show a higher caries incidence in underweight children, the relationship between dental caries and malnutrition should be further investigated. Dentists and physicians treating children should consider malnutrition as a risk factor for dental caries

DENTAL AGE ASSESSMENT USING DEMIRJIAN’S METHOD – A RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY

Dental age estimation on panoramic X-rays is very useful for pediatric dentists and orthodontists in choosing a treatment plan, without the need for any additional radiographic investigation. The aim of this study was to compare chronological and dental age using Demirjian’s method on children from Central Romania. The study was conducted on X-rays of 285 children aged between 6-13 years. Dental age was determined based on the degree of mineralisation of the seven left mandibular teeth, and t-tests were used to assess the difference between dental age and chronological age within each age category. Dental age was more advanced in girls in almost all age groups, whereas in boys just the 6-7 and 8-9 age groups presented a more advanced dental age. The results of our study show that Demirjian’s method has some limitations for a Romanian population, and that these standards are applicable only in certain age groups. Further research is required on a larger sample

DENTAL AGE ASSESSMENT USING DEMIRJIAN’S METHOD – A RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY

Dental age estimation on panoramic X-rays is very useful for pediatric dentists and orthodontists in choosing a treatment plan, without the need for any additional radiographic investigation. The aim of this study was to compare chronological and dental age using Demirjian’s method on children from Central Romania. The study was conducted on X-rays of 285 children aged between 6-13 years. Dental age was determined based on the degree of mineralisation of the seven left mandibular teeth, and t-tests were used to assess the difference between dental age and chronological age within each age category. Dental age was more advanced in girls in almost all age groups, whereas in boys just the 6-7 and 8-9 age groups presented a more advanced dental age. The results of our study show that Demirjian’s method has some limitations for a Romanian population, and that these standards are applicable only in certain age groups. Further research is required on a larger sample

Orthodontic tooth movement with and without corticotomy – A study realized on animal model

Orthodontic treatment of dento-maxillary anomalies is a common therapeutic intervention, with a growing number of pediatric and adult patients requiring it [1]. The raising understanding of the need for this treatment option has led to a shift in the addressability of various social groups, leading to an increase in adult patients' interest [2]. Orthodontic treatment in adult patient is more dificult because the bone remodeling is hard to do and thereis not growing process. Cortiotomy consists of milling the alveolar bone, the vestibular board, in order to create small labor in which the dental displacement following the application of orthodontic force will be faster. The corticotomy is performed in local anesthesia, with bone cutters, under continuous cooling with saline. Orthodontic treatment in adult patient is more difficult because the bone remodeling is hard to do and thereis not growing process [3]. Filho et al. said that the introduction of this technique of corticotomy makes it possible to solve complex cases while providing an alternative to the classical approach, eliminating a number of inventients, such as dental extractions [4]. Despite the many benefits it can bring when it is integrated into orthodontic therapy to correct various dento-maxillary changes, the corticotomy is still regarded with some reluctance by orthodontists. Reitan et al. (2015) consider that the main reason is that the intervention is expensive and some consider it invasive [5]. In a similar study, Bos et al. (2005) points out that even for patients, the high costs of such an intervention can lead to its refusal, with the risk of obtaining results at the end of less satisfactory orthodontic treatment [1]. Dab et al. (2007) states that there is a direct link between the degree of dental displacement induced by the corticotomy and the type of dento-maxillary anomaly that needs to be corrected, but also the time of orthodontic treatment in which the surgery is performed [6]. Further experimental studies are also needed to understand in more detail the biological mechanisms and transformations that occur at the intervention level

Accuracy of Three-Dimensional (3D) Printed Dental Digital Models Generated with Three Types of Resin Polymers by Extra-Oral Optical Scanning

Digital impression devices are used alternatively to conventional impression techniques and materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of extraoral digitalization of three types of photosensitive resin polymers used for 3D printing with the aid of a digital extraoral optical scanner. The alignment of the scans was performed by a standard best-fit alignment. Trueness and precision were used to evaluate the models. The trueness was evaluated by using bias as a measure and the standard deviation was used to evaluate the precision. After assessing the normality of the distributions, an independent Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the trueness and precision across the material groups. The Mann–Whitney test was used as a post-hoc test for significant differences. The result of the analysis showed significant differences (U = 66, z = −2.337, p = 0.019) in trueness of mesiodistal distances. Upon visual inspection of the models, defects were noticed on two out of nine of the models printed with a photosensitive polymer. The defects were presented as cavities caused by air bubbles and were also reflected in the scans. Mean precision did not vary too much between these three photosensitive polymer resins, therefore, the selection of 3D printing materials should be based on the trueness and the required precision of the clinical purpose of the model

Clinical Studies Regarding Electromagnetic Stimulation in Proximity of Dental Implants on Patients with/without Orthodontic Treatment

As a result of the loss of a tooth, there is a decrease in trabecular bone and loss of height and width of the adjacent bone. This study was designed as an observational imaging study, regarding structural changes that may occur during healing after the placement of Titanium dental implants. For this purpose, Cone Beam Computed Tomography was used in order to determine bone modifications around dental implants, loaded either with conventional healing caps or with healing caps pulsating electromagnetic waves, Magdent™, Haifa, Israel. The mean age of the study population was 49.84 ± 3.29 years (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.55−53.13). According to the voxel measurements after conventional treatment, there was a significant difference p < 0.0001 between bone radiodensity before treatment 288.1 ± 47.16 Standard Deviation (SD), and bone radiodensity 688.1 ± 81.02 SD after treatment with conventional healing caps. According to the voxel measurements after treatment with MagdentMed™ pulse electromagnetic healing caps, there was a significant difference p < 0.0001 between bone radiodensity before treatment 310.7 ± 53.26 SD and bone radiodensity after treatment with MED caps 734 ± 61.96 SD. The most common result of our study was a slightly higher radiodensity nearest the interface of dental implants after treatment

Relations Between Cervical Vertebral Maturation And Chronological Age

The aim of this study is to establish the relationship between patients’ chronological age and the degree of skeletal maturation in cervical vertebrae appreciated with the help of profile teleradiographies. Material and method: we analyzed the side cephalograms of a child cohort of puberty and prepuberty age. The selected criteria applied to the subjects included were: age between 9-14, normal conditions regarding general growth and development, without severe affections in the antecedents. While the subjects’ chronological age refers to the date of birth, the degree of skeletal maturation is determined through method CVM (Cervical Vertebral Maturation). In order to appreciate skeletal age 6 stages of CVM maturation are used. Results: Stage 1 CVM of skeletal maturity or the prepubertary stage can be identified with the early stage of mixed dentition or the initial stage of permanent dentition. Stage 3 CVM or the puberty phase was identified with the last phase of mixed dentition or the initial stage of permanent dentition. Conclusions: The early stage of mixed dentition is an excellent indicator for appreciating the degree of skeletal maturation in the growth period. The intermediate phase of mixed dentition is not a valid indicator in order to establish skeletal age

DENTISTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS THEIR ROLE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT OBESITY CONTROL IN THE DENTAL OFFICE

Although the correlation between the nutritional status and tooth decay is an actual subject in literature, the role of the dentist, particularly the pediatric dentist, in the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents is least studied. (1) While in the past the evaluation of the nutritional status of the child was the responsability of the pediatrician or the general practitioner, nowadays, the high rates of obesity require the modification of this protocol which has become unsatisfactory. The dentist has high potential to perform obesity screening, taking into consideration the regular, generally bianual, doctor visits compared to the sole pediatrician visit, especially when there is no vaccination time. We have performed a clinico-statistical study among different specialty dentists by means of a questionary comprising 13 questions, virtually delivered, with the purpose of obtaining data concerning the involvement of the dentist in the complex issue of nutrition as one of the etiological factors of tooth decay. The results indicate a high interest of the respondents in this matter but with relatively low implication due to lack of time and indistinctive examination protocols. This study offers a picture of the opinions different specialty dentists in Romania have about the role of the dentist in the screening of infantile obesity and about the present but also future attitudes concerning this major health problem. The dentist, especially the pedodontist, is in an unique position of being able to influence the nutrition habbits of children. Due to periodic doctor visits, they are able to monitorize not only oral health but also the nutritional status