The Influence of Steroid Hormones on Tooth Wear in Children and in Adolescents

(1) Background: From a young age, boys are more often affected by tooth wear than girls. This suggests an influence of the male sex hormone (testosterone) on the aetiology of tooth wear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of tooth wear in relation to steroid hormone levels in children. (2) Methods: 1022 test persons aged between 10 and 18 (491 male, 531 female) from the LIFE Child study underwent medical and dental examination. Tooth wear was measured through clinical inspection. Blood samples were taken to determine hormone levels (testosterone, SHBG). The level of free testosterone was calculated from the ratio of testosterone to SHBG. Using multivariable methods, the incidence of tooth wear was analyzed as a function of hormone levels, while controlling for confounders such as age, sex, social status, and orthodontic treatment. (3) Results: The incidence of tooth wear increased with age in both sexes. Boys showed significantly more often attrition facets than girls (17.5% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001). Subjects with tooth wear showed significantly higher free testosterone levels than those without (males: p < 0.001, females: p < 0.05). After controlling for confounding variables, the risk of tooth wear increased by approximately 30.0% with each year of life (odds ratio [OR]boys = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.56; [OR]girls = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08–1.61). In addition, the risk of tooth wear increased by 6.0% per free testosterone scale score only in boys (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01–1.12). (4) Conclusions: Tooth wear is common in children and in adolescents, and it increases steadily with age in both sexes. The stronger increase and the higher prevalence among male adolescents can be explained by the additional effect of free testosterone

Bericht zur Normierung und Validierung des Aufgabenpakets ILeA plus Deutsch Frühe Literalität A-II im Schuljahr 2019/20

Ziel des Projektes ILeAplus Deutsch war es, ein digitalisiertes Verfahren zur lernprozessbegleitenden Diagnostik und Förderung im Fach Deutsch in der Primarstufe in Brandenburg (Jahrgangstufen 1- 6) zu entwickeln, zu erproben und zu normieren (Liebers, Latzko, Reinhold & Ritter, 2016). Dies erfolgte im Auftrag des Landes Brandenburg (Ministerium für Bildung, Jugend und Sport). Der Bericht legt den Fokus auf das Aufgabenpaket zu schriftsprachlichen Voraussetzungen für die Jahrgangstufe 1 zu Beginn und zur Mitte des Schuljahres. Der vorliegende Bericht stellt das technische und methodische Vorgehen bei der Normierung des Aufgabenpakets ILeA plus Deutsch A-II (Schuljahresmitte) detailliert dar und liefert zudem vertiefende Informationen zur methodischen und testtheoreti¬schen Absicherung des Aufgabenpakets ILeA plus Deutsch A-I (Schuljahresbeginn) im Sinne einer Replikation (siehe Normierungsbericht, Gottlebe et al., 2020). Die Erhebung der Daten zur Normierung des Aufgabenpakets ILeA plus Deutsch A-II fand innerhalb der ersten Wochen des Kalenderjahres 2020 in randomisiert ausgewählten, brandenburgischen Schulen statt. An der Datenerhebung nahmen je Jahrgangstufe über 900 SchülerInnen aus 38 Grundschulen teil. Die Aufgaben wurden webbasiert durchgeführt und mit einer Schulverwaltungssoftware verknüpft, die die Auswertung und Rückmeldung der Ergebnisse und Förderempfehlungen ermöglicht (siehe Erprobungsbericht, Liebers et al., 2019). Eine ausführliche Darstellung der Aufgabeninhalte findet sich im ILeA plus Handbuch für Lehrerinnen und Lehrer (Landesinstitut für Schule und Medien Berlin-Brandenburg [LISUM], 2020). Zusammengefasst kann gesagt werden, dass das Aufgabenpaket ILeA plus Deutsch A-II größtenteils über zufriedenstellende Itemkennwerte verfügt; die Reliabilitäts- und Validitätskennwerte sind ebenso zufriedenstellend. Die Überprüfung der Normierung des Testpakets ILeA plus Deutsch A-I zum Einsatz zu Schuljahresbeginn hat gezeigt, dass es sich auch im Routineeinsatz um ein Instrument mit hoher psychometrischer Stabilität handelt.:1 Einleitung ................................................................................................. 4 2 Methodisches Vorgehen ........................................................................... 5 2.1 Stichprobe ............................................................................................. 5 2.1.1 Stichprobenauswahl ........................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Stichprobenbeschreibung .................... .............................................. 5 2.2 Durchführung an den Schulen ............................................................... 6 2.3 Instrument .............................................................................................. 7 2.3.1 Soziodemografische Daten .................... ............................................. 7 2.3.2 ILeA plus Deutsch A-I und A-II ............................................................. 8 2.3.4 Parallelverfahren ................................................................................. 10 2.4 Vorgehen bei der Datenanalyse ............................................................. 10 3 Ergebnisse ................................................................................................ 12 3.1 ILeA plus Deutsch A-II ............................................................................ 12 3.1.1 Normstichprobe ................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 Prüfung der Itemqualität ...................................................................... 13 3.1.3 Messtheoretische Prüfung ................................................................... 18 3.1.4 Gütekriterien ........................................................................................ 20 3.2 ILeA plus Deutsch A-I .............................................................................. 24 3.2.1 Stichprobe ............................................................................................ 24 3.2.2 Prüfung der Itemqualität ....................................................................... 25 3.2.3 Messtheoretische Prüfung ................................................................... 25 3.2.4 Gütekriterien ........................................................................................ 27 3.2.5 Fazit: Beantwortung der Fragestellung ................................................ 28 3.3 Lernzuwachs von Schuljahresbeginn zu Schuljahresmitte ...................... 29 3.3.1 Stichprobe ........................................................................................... 29 3.3.2 Explorative Analyse der Lernzuwächse ................................................ 29 3.3.3 Fazit: Beantwortung der Fragestellung ................................................ 32 4 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick ................................................................ 33 Literatur ........................................................................................................ 34 Tabellen ........................................................................................................ 35 Abbildungen .................................................................................................. 36 Anhang ......................................................................................................... 3

The Influence of Steroid Hormones on Tooth Wear in Children and in Adolescents

(1) Background: From a young age, boys are more often affected by tooth wear than girls. This suggests an influence of the male sex hormone (testosterone) on the aetiology of tooth wear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of tooth wear in relation to steroid hormone levels in children. (2) Methods: 1022 test persons aged between 10 and 18 (491 male, 531 female) from the LIFE Child study underwent medical and dental examination. Tooth wear was measured through clinical inspection. Blood samples were taken to determine hormone levels (testosterone, SHBG). The level of free testosterone was calculated from the ratio of testosterone to SHBG. Using multivariable methods, the incidence of tooth wear was analyzed as a function of hormone levels, while controlling for confounders such as age, sex, social status, and orthodontic treatment. (3) Results: The incidence of tooth wear increased with age in both sexes. Boys showed significantly more often attrition facets than girls (17.5% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001). Subjects with tooth wear showed significantly higher free testosterone levels than those without (males: p < 0.001, females: p < 0.05). After controlling for confounding variables, the risk of tooth wear increased by approximately 30.0% with each year of life (odds ratio [OR]boys = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.56; [OR]girls = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08–1.61). In addition, the risk of tooth wear increased by 6.0% per free testosterone scale score only in boys (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01–1.12). (4) Conclusions: Tooth wear is common in children and in adolescents, and it increases steadily with age in both sexes. The stronger increase and the higher prevalence among male adolescents can be explained by the additional effect of free testosterone

The Influence of Steroid Hormones on Tooth Wear in Children and in Adolescents

(1) Background: From a young age, boys are more often affected by tooth wear than girls. This suggests an influence of the male sex hormone (testosterone) on the aetiology of tooth wear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of tooth wear in relation to steroid hormone levels in children. (2) Methods: 1022 test persons aged between 10 and 18 (491 male, 531 female) from the LIFE Child study underwent medical and dental examination. Tooth wear was measured through clinical inspection. Blood samples were taken to determine hormone levels (testosterone, SHBG). The level of free testosterone was calculated from the ratio of testosterone to SHBG. Using multivariable methods, the incidence of tooth wear was analyzed as a function of hormone levels, while controlling for confounders such as age, sex, social status, and orthodontic treatment. (3) Results: The incidence of tooth wear increased with age in both sexes. Boys showed significantly more often attrition facets than girls (17.5% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001). Subjects with tooth wear showed significantly higher free testosterone levels than those without (males: p < 0.001, females: p < 0.05). After controlling for confounding variables, the risk of tooth wear increased by approximately 30.0% with each year of life (odds ratio [OR]boys = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.56; [OR]girls = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08–1.61). In addition, the risk of tooth wear increased by 6.0% per free testosterone scale score only in boys (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01–1.12). (4) Conclusions: Tooth wear is common in children and in adolescents, and it increases steadily with age in both sexes. The stronger increase and the higher prevalence among male adolescents can be explained by the additional effect of free testosterone

Untersuchungen einer punktweise im Beton verankerten Stahlmembrane unter Zwangsbelastung

SIGLETechnische Informationsbibliothek Hannover: in: RN 8195 (12). / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Ermittlung elastischer Grenztragbereiche unter dem Zusatzlastfall Erdbeben. Anhang 2. T. 1 und 2 Zusammenstellung der Bemessungsquerschnittswerte einschliesslich elastischer Grenztragbereiche

In 2 separate volumesAvailable from GRM Werbeberatung - Werbemittlung - PR, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (DE) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman