Response of Bird Populations to Long-term Changes in Local Vegetation and Regional Forest Cover

We analyzed data from a woodland site for a 59-year period to determine whether changes in bird populations are related to changes in the diversity and relative abundance of woody plant species even when vegetation structure, degree of forest fragmentation in the surrounding landscape, and regional changes in bird populations are taken into account. Principal component analyses generated vegetation factors encompassing variables such as total basal area, shrub density, basal area of common tree species, and measures of tree and shrub species diversity. We also calculated a forest edge/ forest area index based on GIS analysis of the landscape within 2 km of the study site. Poisson regression models revealed relationships between these covariates and population changes for 19 bird species and for seven groups of species characterized by similar migration strategies or habitat requirements. All groups of habitat specialists showed a positive relationship with the first vegetation factor, which indicates that they declined as total basal area and dominance of oaks and maples increased and as tree and shrub diversity decreased. This suggests that floristic diversity may be important for determining habitat quality. Bird species associated with the shrub layer and with hemlock stands showed positive relationships with the second vegetation factor, suggesting that the recent decline in eastern hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis) because of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) had an adverse impact on these species. Forest migrants, shrub-layer specialists, long-distance migrants and permanent residents showed negative relationships with the forest edge/forest interior index, indicating that conservation efforts to protect bird communities should take the wider landscape into account. The strongest relationship for most species and species groups was with the first vegetation factor, which suggests that species composition and diversity of trees and shrubs may be especially important in determining abundance of many forest bird species

The hermeneutic of C.H. Dodd

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/2227/thumbnail.jp

Notes on the Algae of Iowa

The first definite mention of Iowa Algae which has come to our notice is that published by Dr. C M. Hobby in the Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science. His list comprises some twenty-seven genera and seventy-four species and varieties. The list is prefaced as follows: The species given below were mainly collected in the immediate vicinity of Iowa City. I am greatly indebted to Rev. Francis Wolle, of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, for assistance in the study and identification of these plants. The classification used is that of Kirchner in Algen von Schlesien, Breslau, 1878. The list comprises an unusually long list of spirogyras, some eighteen species and one variety

Alien Registration- Buchanan, Robert M. (Mapleton, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/33997/thumbnail.jp

Jurisdiction and Procedure of the Court of Justice of the European Communities

The Court of Justice of the European Communities is the final adjudicatory body for questions arising under the three Community treaties--the European Economic Community Treaty (EEC), the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty (ECSC), and the European Atomic Energy Community Treaty (EUR-ATOM). Since none of the treaties confers upon the Court the power to adjudicate questions involving the domestic laws of Member States, the Court\u27s jurisdiction extends only to interpretation of Community law. Basically, the jurisdiction of the Court can be divided into the following subject areas: actions against Member States, actions against Community institutions, claims for damages against the Community, and preliminary rulings on treaty questions referred to the Court by national courts of Member States. This paper will deal with the first three areas of the Court\u27s jurisdiction under the EEC Treaty, as well as the procedure of the Court. These areas of jurisdiction emphasize Community law as derived from essentially Community institutions. Questions arising under the Court\u27s referral jurisdiction will not be discussed. Recent decisions will be treated in detail under the relevant topic headings

Visual analysis of document triage data

As part of the information seeking process, a large amount of effort is invested in order to study and understand how information seekers search through documents such that they can assess their relevance. This search and assessment of document relevance, known as document triage, is an important information seeking process, but is not yet well understood. Human-computer interaction (HCI) and digital library scientists have undertaken a series of user studies involving information seeking, collected a large amount of data describing information seekers' behavior during document search. Next to this, we have witnessed a rapid increase in the number of off-the-shelf visualization tools which can benefit document triage study. Here we set out to utilize existing information visualization techniques and tools in order to gain a better understanding of the large amount of user-study data collected by HCI and digital library researchers. We describe the range of available tools and visualizations we use in order to increase our knowledge of document triage. Treemap, parallel coordinates, stack graph, matrix chart, as well as other visualization methods, prove to be insightful in exploring, analyzing and presenting user behavior during document triage. Our findings and visualizations are evaluated by HCI and digital library researchers studying this proble

The development of ecclesiastical autonomy for the Free Methodist Church in Canada

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/1772/thumbnail.jp

Structural characterization of normal and modified oligonucleotides by matrix-assisted laser desorption fourier transform mass spectrometry

AbstractMatrix-assisted UV laser desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometry (266 nm, nicotinic acid matrix) can be used for the detailed structural characterization of normal and modified oligonucleotides. The negative ion spectra for these compounds revealed abundant (M − H)− ions as well as fragment ions that provided the information necessary to determine oligomer sequence and to differentiate isomers. The nicotinic acid matrix was required for the production of (M − H)− ions for the oligonucleotide dimers, trimers, tetramers, and hexamers examined in this study. Elimination of the nicotinic acid matrix resulted in complete loss of the (M − H)− ions as well as most of the larger fragment ions for the oligomers. The primary fragmentation pathway was observed to be phosphate ester bond cleavage with the resulting charge retained on the 3′ end of the oligomer and enabled isomeric differentiation of compounds such as d(5′-CGCG-3′) and d(5′-CCGG-3′). Collision-induced dissociation experiments of the (M − H)− ions for these compounds confirmed the preferential loss of nucleotides from the 5′ end of the oligomers. The presence and location of modifications such as methyl and ethyl alkyl groups to the oligonucleotides could also be identified