28 research outputs found
Photo Thermal Effect Graphene Detector Featuring 105 Gbit s-1 NRZ and 120 Gbit s-1 PAM4 Direct Detection
The challenge of next generation datacom and telecom communication is to
increase the available bandwidth while reducing the size, cost and power
consumption of photonic integrated circuits. Silicon (Si) photonics has emerged
as a viable solution to reach these objectives. Graphene, a single-atom thick
layer of carbon5, has been recently proposed to be integrated with Si photonics
because of its very high mobility, fast carrier dynamics and ultra-broadband
optical properties. Here, we focus on graphene photodetectors for high speed
datacom and telecom applications. High speed graphene photodetectors have been
demonstrated so far, however the most are based on the photo-bolometric (PB) or
photo-conductive (PC) effect. These devices are characterized by large dark
current, in the order of milli-Amperes , which is an impairment in
photo-receivers design, Photo-thermo-electric (PTE) effect has been identified
as an alternative phenomenon for light detection. The main advantages of
PTE-based photodetectors are the optical power to voltage conversion, zero-bias
operation and ultra-fast response. Graphene PTE-based photodetectors have been
reported in literature, however high-speed optical signal detection has not
been shown. Here, we report on an optimized graphene PTE-based photodetector
with flat frequency response up to 65 GHz. Thanks to the optimized design we
demonstrate a system test leading to direct detection of 105 Gbit s-1
non-return to zero (NRZ) and 120 Gbit s-1 4-level pulse amplitude modulation
(PAM) optical signal
Fear of COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 infectability supplement theory of planned behavior to explain Iranians' intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated
One of the most efficient methods to control the high infection rate of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is to have a high coverage of COVID-19 vaccination worldwide. Therefore, it is important to understand individualsâ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. The present study applied the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explain the intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated among a representative sample in Qazvin, Iran. The TPB uses psychological constructs of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control to explain an individualâs intention to perform a behavior. Fear and perceived infectability were additionally incorporated into the TPB to explain the intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Utilizing multistage stratified cluster sampling, 10,843 participants (4092 males; 37.7%) with a mean age of 35.54 years (SD = 12.00) completed a survey. The survey assessed TPB constructs (including attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention related to COVID-19 vaccination) together with fear of COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 infectability. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to examine whether fear of COVID-19, perceived infectability, and the TPB constructs explained individualsâ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. The SEM demonstrated satisfactory fit (comparative fit index = 0.970; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.962; root mean square error of approximation = 0.040; standardized root mean square residual = 0.050). Moreover, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, attitude, and perceived COVID-19 infectability significantly explained individualsâ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Perceived COVID-19 infectability and TPB constructs were all significant mediators in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Incorporating fear of COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 infectability effectively into the TPB explained Iraniansâ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Therefore, Iranians who have a strong belief in Muslim religion may improve their intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated via these constructs
Dynamic PMD mitigation at 10 Gb/s using viterbi equalization in DPSK systems
Compensating dynamically changing polarization- mode dispersion (PMD) is important for optical fiber transmission systems. We present simulations of a Viterbi equalization for dynamic PMD mitigation in 10-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero differential phase-shift keying systems. The equalizer can dynamically track fast varying differential group delay (DGD) and achieve similar performance to static DGD
Mikrosystem-Modultechniken fuer erhoehte Verlustleistungen. Teilprojekt: GaAs-Multichipmodule mit hoher Verlustleistung Abschlussbericht
SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F98B1981 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman
Zuverlaessigkeit von Leistungsmodulen fuer die Weitverkehrstechnik (HighModule). Teilprojekt: Montage- und Integrationstechnologien fuer HF-Leistungsmodule in der Kommunikationstechnik Abschlussbericht
Available from TIB Hannover: F02B1035+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman