13,941 research outputs found
Non-Empirically Tuned Range-Separated DFT Accurately Predicts Both Fundamental and Excitation Gaps in DNA and RNA Nucleobases
Using a non-empirically tuned range-separated DFT approach, we study both the
quasiparticle properties (HOMO-LUMO fundamental gaps) and excitation energies
of DNA and RNA nucleobases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil).
Our calculations demonstrate that a physically-motivated, first-principles
tuned DFT approach accurately reproduces results from both experimental
benchmarks and more computationally intensive techniques such as many-body GW
theory. Furthermore, in the same set of nucleobases, we show that the
non-empirical range-separated procedure also leads to significantly improved
results for excitation energies compared to conventional DFT methods. The
present results emphasize the importance of a non-empirically tuned
range-separation approach for accurately predicting both fundamental and
excitation gaps in DNA and RNA nucleobases.Comment: Accepted by the Journal of Chemical Theory and Computatio
MS-150: Battle of Gettysburg 150th Commemoration Collection
This collection contains physical items and documents as well as digital resources. It seeks to preserve the course and experience of the commemoration of the 150th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and other related historical events. The documents and publications contained within the collection not only record the many commemorative events that were held over a two-year period but also how those events progressed. Detailed coverage in the form of DVDs has been collected of many events, while the outline of many more has been captured through the compilation of their programs and other event information. Much of the official battle reenactment has been recorded in an extensive array of digital photographs, and the guides provided for and used by visitors demonstrate the resources available to assist in choosing which of the dazzling array of events to attend. The collection of artifacts and memorabilia serves as but a sample of the all that was available to the public to obtain from the commemoration, and thus offers a glimpse into how some may themselves remember the Sesquicentennial festivities in years to come.
Special Collections and College Archives Finding Aids are discovery tools used to describe and provide access to our holdings. Finding aids include historical and biographical information about each collection in addition to inventories of their content. More information about our collections can be found on our website http://www.gettysburg.edu/special_collections/collections/.https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/findingaidsall/1128/thumbnail.jp
The Globular Cluster Luminosity Function and Specific Frequency in Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies
The globular cluster luminosity function, specific globular cluster
frequency, S_N, specific globular cluster mass, T_MP, and globular cluster mass
fraction in dwarf elliptical galaxies are explored using the full 69 galaxy
sample of the HST WFPC2 Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy Snapshot Survey. The GCLFs of
the dEs are well-represented with a t_5 function with a peak at
M_{V,Z}^0(dE,HST) = -7.3 +/- 0.1. This is ~0.3 magnitudes fainter than the GCLF
peaks in giant spiral and elliptical galaxies, but the results are consistent
within the uncertainties. The bright-end slope of the luminosity distribution
has a power-law form with slope alpha = -1.9 +/- 0.1. The trend of increasing
S_N or T_MP with decreasing host galaxy luminosity is confirmed. The mean value
for T_MP in dE,N galaxies is about a factor of two higher than the mean value
for non-nucleated galaxies and the distributions of T_MP in dE,N and dE,noN
galaxies are statistically different. These data are combined with results from
the literature for a wide range of galaxy types and environments. At low host
galaxy masses the distribution of T_MP for dE,noN and dI galaxies are similar.
This supports the idea that one pathway for forming dE,noN galaxies is by the
stripping of dIs. The formation of nuclei and the larger values of T_MP in dE,N
galaxies may be due to higher star formation rates and star cluster formation
efficiencies due to interactions in galaxy cluster environments.Comment: 53 pages, 13 figures, 12 tables, accepted by the Astrophysical
Journa
Propagating EUV disturbances in the solar corona : two-wavelength observations
Quasi-periodic EUV disturbances simultaneously observed in 171 Ă
and 195 Ă
TRACE bandpasses propagating outwardly in a fan-like magnetic structure of a coronal active region are analysed. Time series of disturbances observed in the different bandpasses have a relatively high correlation coefficient (up to about 0.7). The correlation has a tendency to decrease with distance along the structure: this is consistent with an interpretation of the disturbances in terms of parallel-propagating slow magnetoacoustic waves. The wavelet analysis does not show a significant difference between waves observed in different bandpasses. Periodic patterns of two distinct periods: 2-3 min and 5-8 min are detected in both bandpasses, existing simultaneously and at the same distance along the loop, suggesting the nonlinear generation of the second harmonics
A Universal Temperature Profile for Galaxy Clusters
We investigate the predicted present-day temperature profiles of the hot,
X-ray emitting gas in galaxy clusters for two cosmological models - a current
best-guess LCDM model and standard cold dark matter (SCDM). Our
numerically-simulated "catalogs" of clusters are derived from high-resolution
(15/h kpc) simulations which make use of a sophisticated, Eulerian-based,
Adaptive Mesh-Refinement (AMR) code that faithfully captures the shocks which
are essential for correctly modelling cluster temperatures. We show that the
temperature structure on Mpc-scales is highly complex and non-isothermal.
However, the temperature profiles of the simulated LCDM and SCDM clusters are
remarkably similar and drop-off as
where and . This decrease
is in good agreement with the observational results of Markevitch et al.(1998)
but diverges, primarily in the innermost regions, from their fit which assumes
a polytropic equation of state. Our result is also in good agreement with a
recent sample of clusters observed by BeppoSAX though there is some indication
of missing physics at small radii (). We discuss the
interpretation of our results and make predictions for new x-ray observations
that will extend to larger radii than previously possible. Finally, we show
that, for , our universal temperature profile is consistent with
our most recent simulations which include both radiative cooling and supernovae
feedback.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, full-page
version of Fig. 2 at
http://www.cita.utoronto.ca/+AH4-cloken/PAPERS/UTP/f2.ep
Can Dispersed Biomass Processing Protect the Environment and Cover the Bottom Line for Biofuel?
This paper compares environmental and profitability outcomes for a centralized biorefinery for cellulosic ethanol that does all processing versus a biorefinery linked to a decentralized array of local depots that pretreat biomass into concentrated briquettes. The analysis uses a spatial bioeconomic model that maximizes predicted profit from crop and energy products, subject to the requirement that the biorefinery must be operated at full capacity. The model draws upon biophysical crop input-output coefficients simulated with the EPIC model, as well as input and output prices, spatial transportation costs, ethanol yields from biomass, and biorefinery capital and operational costs. The model was applied to 82 cropping systems simulated across 37 sub-watersheds in a 9-county region of southern Michigan in response to ethanol prices simulated to rise from 3.36 per gallon. Results show that the decentralized local biomass processing depots lead to lower profitability but better environmental performance, due to more reliance on perennial grasses than the centralized biorefinery. Simulated technological improvement that reduces the processing cost and increases the ethanol yield of switchgrass by 17% could cause a shift to more processing of switchgrass, with increased profitability and environmental benefits.Biomass production, bioenergy supply, cellulosic ethanol, environmental trade-off analysis, bioeconomic modeling, EPIC, spatial configuration, local biomass processing, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Q16, Q15, Q57, Q18,
Generation and measurement of nonstationary random processes technical note no. 3
Generation and measurement of nonstationary stochastic processes related to Monte Carlo studies with analog compute
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