Trabalho, sofrimento e reconhecimento: a primazia do outro

The centrality of work in relation to identity and mental health formation is a thesis made by Dejours. The generation of suffering depends entirely on the kind of work we do, which is responsible for aggravating or changing this situation. According to the author, working necessarily implies having an unpleasant emotional experience, since it goes from reality - the real - and is always resistant to technique, knowledge and symbolization. Suffering at work may or may not be linked to suffering coming out of the private or family sphere. When there is a link and the employment situation allows for sublimation – as a socially valued activity – it is possible to give work and suffering authentic meaning, transforming it into a pleasing and structuring experience. On the other hand, when the work organization is strict, not allowing for free space to change the task, and there is no recognition dynamics, it can lead the subject to suffering from psychic and somatic decompensation. It is important to highlight that the emotional distress, as the result of the encounter with the real, is not only a passive state of mind, but lies at the origin of the intelligence that sets out in search of the world in order to challenge, transform, and increase itself. This study aims at presenting how suffering generated by the way workers deal with ‘the real’ in a work environment can be subverted through peer recognition, making it possible to transpose it, for identity record. We emphasize that this process is not limited to the relationship between the ego and the real, but it necessarily includes the "appreciation of your peers" the ssessment by the utility and the aesthetic judgments that focus on doing and not only on the person. Our proposal relies on the Psychodynamic Theory of Work which is on the borders of psychoanalysis and social sciences according to Dejours.A centralidade do trabalho ante a constituição da identidade e da saúde mental é uma tese abertamente defendida por Dejours. O trabalho teria, portanto, importância capital sobre os destinos do sofrimento, podendo agravá-lo ou transformá-lo. Para o autor, trabalhar implica necessariamente em uma experiência afetiva desagradável, pois parte da realidade – o real – sempre resiste à técnica, ao conhecimento e à simbolização. Este sofrimento que advém do trabalho pode ou não se articular com o sofrimento da história individual. Quanto há articulação e a situação laboral permite a sublimação – enquanto atividade socialmente valorizada – é possível, então, dar sentido ao trabalho e ao sofrimento, transformando-o em prazer e experiência estruturante. Já quando a organização do trabalho é rígida, não oferecendo espaço de liberdade para alterar a tarefa, e a dinâmica do reconhecimento está paralisada, o indivíduo é levado a uma dinâmica de descompensação psíquica ou somática. Cabe lembrar que o sofrimento afetivo, resultado do encontro com o real, não é apenas um estado de passividade, pois é também ponto origem da inteligência que parte em busca do mundo para se colocar à prova, se transformar e se engrandecer. Temos, portanto, por objetivo apresentar como o sofrimento advindo das relações do trabalhador com o real pode ser subvertido através do reconhecimento pelos pares, sendo transposto, enquanto ganho, para o registro da identidade. Ressaltamos que este processo não se reduz à relação entre o ego e o real, mas inclui necessariamente o “olhar do outro”, a apreciação através dos julgamentos de utilidade e estética que incidem sobre o fazer e não sobre a pessoa. Para dar conta da nossa proposta, basear-nos-emos na teoria psicodinâmica do trabalho que, segundo Dejours, encontra-se situada nas fronteiras da psicanálise com as ciências sociais

On the discriminative power of Hyper-parameters in Cross-Validation and how to choose them

Hyper-parameters tuning is a crucial task to make a model perform at its best. However, despite the well-established methodologies, some aspects of the tuning remain unexplored. As an example, it may affect not just accuracy but also novelty as well as it may depend on the adopted dataset. Moreover, sometimes it could be sufficient to concentrate on a single parameter only (or a few of them) instead of their overall set. In this paper we report on our investigation on hyper-parameters tuning by performing an extensive 10-Folds Cross-Validation on MovieLens and Amazon Movies for three well-known baselines: User-kNN, Item-kNN, BPR-MF. We adopted a grid search strategy considering approximately 15 values for each parameter, and we then evaluated each combination of parameters in terms of accuracy and novelty. We investigated the discriminative power of nDCG, Precision, Recall, MRR, EFD, EPC, and, finally, we analyzed the role of parameters on model evaluation for Cross-Validation.Comment: 5 pages RecSys 201

Litterfall, litter stock and water holding capacity in post-mining forest restoration ecosystems, Eastern Amazon

The objective of this study was to evaluate the litterfall deposition, the decomposition rate (KL) and the water holding capacity (WHC) of litter stored in the soil in two areas degraded by mining submitted to different methods of forest restoration: induction of natural regeneration (NR) and planting seedlings of native forest species (PS) with a forest fragment (FF) used as reference. The litterfall deposition was collected monthly over 12 months in collectors of 0.25 m2. The KL was estimated by the relation between annual litter production and litter stock in the soil surface. WHC was determined in the rainy and dry period. The litterfall deposition was lower in PS with values of 6.61 ± 0.20, 10.75 ± 0.52 and 11.83 ± 0.72 Mg ha-1 yr-1 for PS, NR and FF respectively. The KL and WHC were significantly lower in PS when compared to NR and FF, and WHC decreased significantly from the rainy season to the dry season. The induction of natural regeneration was the more effective restoration method for degraded areas regarding litterfall deposition, decomposition and water retention capacity, surpassing planting native tree species and approaching a native forest fragmentinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of vegetation structure and edge proximity on insect distribution in an arboreal Caatinga area in Brazil

Caatinga is a very important and neglected dry tropical forest biome of Brazil. Recent evidence indicates that anthropogenic threats to Caatinga have grown in recent years, and there are still gaps in the knowledge of how these effects alter biodiversity. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of vegetation structure and edge proximity on the distribution of bioindicator insects (galling insects and ants) in an arboreal Caatinga area under the influence of a monoculture in Brazil. We recorded a total of 10 species and 2,131 specimens of ants and 11 species and 29 individuals of galling insects. Species richness, abundance, and composition of galling insects and ants did not differ between edge and interior plots of the forest. Ant diversity was also not affected by the structural parameters of vegetation (plant abundance, vegetation cover, and vegetation height). On the other hand, the plant abundance positively influenced the richness and the abundance of galling insects in the plots. Our findings suggest that the distribution of ants and galling insects in Caatinga forest edge and interior environments did not differs likely due the opening of the canopy gives the arboreal Caatinga relatively homogeneous climatic characteristics throughout the forest. Already the structure of vegetation positively influences galling insects due to the high degree of dependence that endophagous life-form generates on these insects. Our results show that despite similar responses to the edge effect, ants and galling insects respond differently to vegetation structure, indicating that the structuring of these insect communities is guild-dependent

Stability and adaptability of herbaceum cotton in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a estabilidade e a adaptabilidade, e agrupar ambientes de cultivo, com dados de produtividade de oito genótipos do algodoeiro, avaliados em 16 ambientes localizados no Cerrado de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, na safra 1998/1999. O delineamento utilizado foi em quadrado latino 8x8. As análises individual e conjunta foram realizadas, considerando-se os efeitos de genótipos e ambientes fixos. Os parâmetros foram avaliados pelo método da ecovalência e pelo modelo AMMI. A linhagem CNPA 94773 foi a mais estável e adaptada às condições ambientais. Houve adaptabilidade específica e interação positiva de genótipos a grupos de ambientes: ITA 90 (Campo Novo dos Parecis, Chapadão do Sul, Sorriso, Itiquira e Sapezal); ITA 96, FMT Fetagri e FMT Saturno (Rondonópolis e Pedra Preta); BRS 197 (Nova Mutum, Primavera do Leste e Campo Verde); BRS FACUAL (Quatro Marcos e Campo Verde); CNPA 94773 (Ponta Porã, Sapezal, Alto Taquari e Lucas do Rio Verde) e BRS Antares (Ponta Porã, Alto Taquari e Lucas do Rio Verde).The objective of this work was to analyze stability and adaptability, and to group environments with productivity data of eight cotton genotypes in 16 environments of Cerrado of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in 1998/1999 harvest. Statistical model used was the simple square 8x8. The individual and combined statistical analysis were performed by considering genotype and environment effects fixed. Parameters of the cultivars or lines were evaluated by the covalence, method and by the AMMI procedure. The lineage CNPA 94773 was the stablest and most adapted to environmental conditions. There was a positive specific adaptability and interaction of the genotypes with the environments: CNPA ITA 90 cultivar (Campo Novo dos Parecis, Chapadão do Sul, Sorriso, Itiquira and Sapezal); ITA 96, FMT Fetagri and FMT Saturno (Rondonópolis and Pedra Preta); BRS 197 (Nova Mutum, Primavera do Leste and Campo Verde); BRS FACUAL (Quatro Marcos and Campo Verde); CNPA 94773 (Ponta Porã, Sapezal, Alto Taquari and Lucas do Rio Verde) and BRS Antares (Ponta Porã, Alto Taquari and Lucas do Rio Verde)

Structure of a lectin from Canavalia gladiata seeds: new structural insights for old molecules

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Lectins are mainly described as simple carbohydrate-binding proteins. Previous studies have tried to identify other binding sites, which possible recognize plant hormones, secondary metabolites, and isolated amino acid residues. We report the crystal structure of a lectin isolated from <it>Canavalia gladiata </it>seeds (CGL), describing a new binding pocket, which may be related to pathogen resistance activity in ConA-like lectins; a site where a non-protein amino-acid, α-aminobutyric acid (Abu), is bound.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The overall structure of native CGL and complexed with α-methyl-mannoside and Abu have been refined at 2.3 Å and 2.31 Å resolution, respectively. Analysis of the electron density maps of the CGL structure shows clearly the presence of Abu, which was confirmed by mass spectrometry.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The presence of Abu in a plant lectin structure strongly indicates the ability of lectins on carrying secondary metabolites. Comparison of the amino acids composing the site with other legume lectins revealed that this site is conserved, providing an evidence of the biological relevance of this site. This new action of lectins strengthens their role in defense mechanisms in plants.</p

New Brazilian Floristic List Highlights Conservation Challenges

A comprehensive new inventory of Brazilian plants and fungi was published just in time to meet a 2010 Convention on Biological Diversity target and offers important insights into this biodiversity's global significance. Brazil is the home to the world's richest flora (40,989 species; 18,932 endemic) and includes two of the hottest hotspots: Mata Atlantica (19,355 species) and Cerrado (12,669 species). Although the total number of known species is one-third lower than previous estimates, the absolute number of endemic vascular plant species is higher than was previously estimated, and the proportion of endemism (56%) is the highest in the Neotropics. This compilation serves not merely to quantify the scale of the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique flora but also serves as a key resource to direct action and monitor progress. Similar efforts by other megadiverse countries are urgently required if the 2020 targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation are to be attained.Ministerio do Meio AmbienteMinisterio do Meio AmbienteCentro Nacional de Conservacao da FloraCentro Nacional de Conservacao da FloraNational Council for Scientific and Technological DevelopmentNational Council for Scientific and Technological DevelopmentBentham and Moxon TrustBentham and Moxon Trus