Des enfants pauvres malgré des parents en emploi

L'objet de cet article est de comprendre pourquoi la pauvreté monétaire relative au Luxembourg atteint un enfant sur cinq, soit proportionnellement plus qu'en Belgique ou en France, alors que ces trois pays affichent des taux de pauvreté globaux assez proches. En premier constat, les niveaux de générosité et de ciblage des transferts familiaux et sociaux luxembourgeois en vigueur en 2006, proches des deux autres pays, sont difficilement mobilisables pour expliquer la situation particulière du Luxembourg. En deuxième constat, le manque d'activité des parents aux franges du seuil de pauvreté n'explique qu'imparfaitement le niveau de pauvreté des enfants luxembourgeois comparativement aux deux autres pays. Nous nous tournons alors vers la question des inégalités salariales, plus fortes au Luxembourg que chez ses voisins, pour trouver une réponse à notre question de recherche.pauvreté, enfants, France, Belgique, Luxembourg, revenus, travail des parents, transferts sociaux, inégalités salariales

Anomalous Hall effect and weak localization corrections in a ferromagnet

In this paper, we report results on the anomalous Hall effect. First, we summarize analytical calculations based on the Kubo formalism : explicit expressions for both skew-scattering and side-jump are derived and weak-localization corrections are discussed. Next, we present numerical calculations of the anomalous Hall resistivity based on the Dirac equation. Qualitative agreement with experiments is obtained.Comment: Proceeding JEMS'0

Extracorporeal photopheresis for graft-versus-host disease: The role of patient, transplant, and classification criteria and hematologic values on outcome - Results from a large single-center study

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) has been shown as active therapy for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The aim was to ascertain the role of ECP in 71 patients with steroid-refractory or -dependent acute and chronic GVHD (aGVHD and cGVHD) with special focus on hematologic variables and GVHD staging classification. A total of 34 patients were treated for aGVHD and 37 for cGVHD. RESULTS: The overall response rate (ORR) for aGVHD was 65% and the complete aGVHD-free survival was 50% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36%-70%). The ORR for cGVHD response was 81% while the complete cGVHD-free survival was 50% (95% CI, 34%-73%). The aGVHD-free survival was associated with aGVHD grading (Grade II 81%, Grade III 33%, and Grade IV 0%, p ≤ 0.00) and the absence of visceral involvement (77% vs. 33%, p = 0.03). The cGVHD-free survival was associated with the female sex (67% vs. 25%, p = 0.01) and with the limited form according to the Seattle classification (67% vs. 20%, p = 0.003). No role for hematologic values or apheresis cell count was found, except for the cGVHD ORR (p = 0.037). Transplant-related mortality and overall survival were associated with ECP response 0% versus 54% (p = 0.0001) and 77% versus 45% (p = 0.03) for aGVHD patients and 7% versus 14% (p = 0.02) and 73% versus 20% (p = 0.0003) for cGVHD patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: While confirming a higher probability of GVHD responses for early GVHD, our study shows no role of hematologic values or apheresis cell count on GVHD response

Beekeeping practice: effects of Apis mellifera virgin queen management on ovary development

International audienceAbstractNewly emerged virgin queens are frequently imprisoned in cages either inside or outside of colonies before delivery to a new hive. Ovary integrity and proper functioning is the primary factor in a queen’s success as the colony mother. In this work, histological studies on ovaries are used to evaluate the effect of virgin queen imprisonment both out and inside the colony. The results show that the ovarian follicles of virgin queens maintained out of the colony advance only until the beginning of differentiation of oocytes and nurse cells, the vitellarium does not differentiate, and cell death is observed. For virgin queens caged inside a colony, oogenesis progresses until nurse cell and oocyte differentiation is completed, and the vitellarium shows initial differentiation. The results suggest that the best method for a head start of a queen’s fertility is to maintain her inside the colony until introduction into a new hive

HD139614: the interferometric case for a group-Ib pre-transitional young disk

The Herbig Ae star HD 139614 is a group-Ib object, which featureless SED indicates disk flaring and a possible pre-transitional evolutionary stage. We present mid- and near-IR interferometric results collected with MIDI, AMBER and PIONIER with the aim of constraining the spatial structure of the 0.1-10 AU disk region and assess its possible multi-component structure. A two-component disk model composed of an optically thin 2-AU wide inner disk and an outer temperature-gradient disk starting at 5.6 AU reproduces well the observations. This is an additional argument to the idea that group-I HAeBe inner disks could be already in the disk-clearing transient stage. HD 139614 will become a prime target for mid-IR interferometric imaging with the second-generation instrument MATISSE of the VLTI.Comment: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation conference, June 2014, 11 pages, 7 Figure

Gerenciamento de risco em períodos de crise: mensuração do VaR em títulos públicos

Apresenta a importância do gerenciamento de risco, suas bases teóricas e práticas. Esse tema vem sendo cada vez mais relevante no mercado mundial não só pela crescente complexidade das operações, como também, pelos efeitos ainda latentes da ultima crise financeira global. Foram apresentados os conceitos relativos a risco, assim como, a evolução da gestão de risco nas ultimas décadas, comandada pelo Comitê de Basiléia para Supervisão Bancária. Além disso, esse trabalho visou apresentar, mais especificamente, o funcionamento da principal ferramenta de mensuração de risco, o Value at Risk, ou VAR, durante o auge da crise de 2008. Para tanto, foram utilizadas duas metodologias: o VAR paramétrico e o por simulação histórica, ambos calculados com base em uma carteira teórica de títulos públicos (LTN). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que essa ferramenta, nos dois métodos, indica uma forte elevação do risco durante o período destacado

Analytical modeling of a coil in a ferromagnetic circuit including a superconductor pellet

PosterInternational audienceIn the design phase of the inductor required for the magnetization of High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) bulks, modeling and simulation are necessary for the design of this inductor. In this paper we have developed an analytical model to calculate the inductance for a coil of a ferromagnetic circuit with gap including a superconducting pellet. This model is based on the determination of the magnetic vector potential from solving the Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations in different regions of interest, using the separation of variables method in which the Cartesian coordinates are used. The boundary and continuity conditions between regions are considered to determine the global solution. This analytical resolution is carried out using a computation code developed under MATLAB. The results obtained are compared with those obtained by a numerical simulation based on the finite element method implemented under COMSOL. A remarkable concordance is observed between both approaches

A teoria da perspectiva e as mudanças de preferência no mainstream: um prospecto lakatoseano

For many decades over the 20th Century, the mainstream of economics adopted a normative and axiomatic theory of individual behavior in which maximizing procedures were carried out by rationally unbounded agents. This status has been challenged on many grounds and alternative views from fields like psychology have found a way into the core of economics research frontier. Prospect theory, developed by psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky since the 1970s, has provided a more empirical, inductive and descriptive theory of decision making. It has made significant inroads into mainstream microeconomics, shaking the habits of some of its practitioners. This paper first takes stock of its main developments and then uses a Lakatosian framework to draw out its negative and positive heuristics. In what follows, its heuristics are compared to those of traditional rational decision-making theories. The differences between them are highlighted, pointing to changes in the mainstream of the profession and to new opportunities for research