Réforme des autorisations de prélèvement dans le bassin Adour-Garonne : impacts sur l'économie agricole

La réglementation française remet à plat les autorisations de prélèvements d'eau pour l'irrigation, dans un objectif de retour à l'équilibre ressources/besoins d'ici 2014 à 2021. Dans le sudouest, où une majorité du territoire est considérée comme déficitaire en eau mais où l'irrigation est très présente, cette réforme impliquera une baisse des volumes actuellement attribués. La présente étude a eu pour objectif d'évaluer l'impact de cette baisse sur l'économie agricole. Elle a été effectuée à l'échelle de six territoires en simulant les pertes en marge brute ou en excédent brut d'exploitation, avec ou sans mesures d'accompagnement. La combinaison de ces mesures permet, dans la majorité des cas, de réduire très significativement voire d'annuler ces pertes. Parmi ces mesures, les plus efficaces sont la création d'ouvrages de stockage et l'allocation prioritaire de quotas d'eau aux cultures à forte valeur ajoutée (arboriculture, maraichage, semences). / Water withdrawal policy for irrigation is reformed by the French legislation for a return to a balance between resources and needs in 2014 to 2021. Irrigation is largely developed in south-western France, where most of the territory faced structural water deficits. This policy change will decrease the available water for irrigation. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of this reform on the farming economy. It has been conducted on six watershed where economic losses have been simulated, using or not support measures. For most of cases, the combination of these measures lead to a significant decrease or a cancel of the losses. Among these measures, the most effective are the investment in water storage, and the prior water reallocation for high added value crops (tree crops, vegetable growing, seeds crops)

Hypovitaminosis D is associated with depression and anxiety in schizophrenia: results from the national FACE-SZ cohort. Running title: hypovitaminosis D, depression and anxiety in schizophrenia

International audienceBackground. Guidelines have been edited for the treatment of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipola

Benefit and Risks of Aspirin in Addition to Ticagrelor in Acute Coronary Syndromes:A Post Hoc Analysis of the Randomized GLOBAL LEADERS Trial

Key PointsQuestionWhat are the benefits and risks of continuing aspirin in addition to P2Y12 receptor inhibition with ticagrelor among patients with acute coronary syndrome between 1 month and 12 months after percutaneous coronary intervention? FindingsIn this nonprespecified, post hoc analysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS randomized clinical trial, beyond 1 month after percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndrome, aspirin was associated with increased bleeding risk and appeared not to add to the benefit of ticagrelor on ischemic events. MeaningThe findings of this hypothesis-generating analysis pave the way for further trials evaluating aspirin-free antiplatelet strategies after percutaneous coronary intervention. ImportanceThe role of aspirin as part of antiplatelet regimens in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) needs to be clarified in the context of newer potent P2Y12 antagonists. ObjectiveTo evaluate the benefit and risks of aspirin in addition to ticagrelor among patients with ACS beyond 1 month after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a nonprespecified, post hoc analysis of GLOBAL LEADERS, a randomized, open-label superiority trial comparing 2 antiplatelet treatment strategies after PCI. The trial included 130 secondary/tertiary care hospitals in different countries, with 15991 unselected patients with stable coronary artery disease or ACS undergoing PCI. Patients had outpatient visits at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after index procedure. InterventionsThe experimental group received aspirin plus ticagrelor for 1 month followed by 23-month ticagrelor monotherapy; the reference group received aspirin plus either clopidogrel (stable coronary artery disease) or ticagrelor (ACS) for 12 months, followed by 12-month aspirin monotherapy. In this analysis, we examined the clinical outcomes occurring between 31 days and 365 days after randomization, specifically in patients with ACS who, within this time frame, were assigned to receive either ticagrelor alone or ticagrelor and aspirin. Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the composite of all-cause death or new Q-wave myocardial infarction. ResultsOf 15968 participants, there were 7487 patients with ACS enrolled; 3750 patients were assigned to the experimental group and 3737 patients to the reference group. Between 31 and 365 days after randomization, the primary outcome occurred in 55 patients (1.5%) in the experimental group and in 75 patients (2.0%) in the reference group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.51-1.03; P=.07); investigator-reported Bleeding Academic Research Consortium-defined bleeding type 3 or 5 occurred in 28 patients (0.8%) in the experimental group and in 54 patients (1.5%) in the reference arm (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.33-0.81; P=.004). Conclusions and RelevanceBetween 1 month and 12 months after PCI in ACS, aspirin was associated with increased bleeding risk and appeared not to add to the benefit of ticagrelor on ischemic events. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis generating; however, they pave the way for further trials evaluating aspirin-free antiplatelet strategies after PCI. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01813435. This secondary analysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS randomized clinical trial evaluates the benefit and risks of aspirin in addition to ticagrelor among patients with acute coronary syndrome beyond 1 month after percutaneous coronary intervention

Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and dyspnoea on clinical outcomes in ticagrelor treated patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in the randomized GLOBAL LEADERS trial

AIMS: To evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of ticagrelor monotherapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in relation to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at baseline and the occurrence of dyspnoea reported as adverse event (AE) that may lead to treatment non-adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a non-prespecified, post hoc analysis of the randomized GLOBAL LEADERS trial (n = 15 991), comparing the experimental strategy of 23-month ticagrelor monotherapy following 1-mo

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

La lutte biologique en culture légumière de plein champ : état des connaissances sur la mouche du chou en culture de Brassica

National audienc

L'invention du coeur dans les Cahiers de Rodez d'Antonin Artaud

CETTE APPROCHE S'ATTACHE À DÉCRIRE LES CAHIERS DE RODEZ D'ANTONIN ARTAUD COMME UNE SUITE D' " EXPÉRIENCES BASÉES SUR L'AMOUR ET LA POÉSIE " ET À Y METTRE EN ÉVIDENCE UN CERTAIN " TRAVAIL " DU FÉMININ. PRÉFIGURÉES DANS LES ÉCRITS DE 1937, PUIS PROGRESSIVEMENT REPRISES SUR LA MATERNITÉ VIRGINALE DE MARIE DANS LE CHRISTIANISME DE LA PREMIÈRE PÉRIODE ASILAIRE, LES " FILLES DE CŒUR " DEVIENNENT, À L'ÉTÉ 1945, LE MOTIF PRINCIPAL DE L'ÉCRITURE DES CAHIERS. NOUS ASSISTONS, À TRAVERS CES MÉTAMORPHOSES SUCCESSIVES, À L'ÉMERGENCE D'UN " CŒUR ", INSÉPARABLE D'UNE PRATIQUE VISIONNAIRE S'APPUYANT SUR LE SENS D'UNE IMAGINATION QUI FAIT CORPS. SUSPENDANT LES CATÉGORIES CLINIQUES, NOTRE LECTURE TENTE DE COMPRENDRE CES FIGURES FÉMININES TELLES QU'ELLES SE PRÉSENTENT DANS LES CAHIERS, SELON LE RYTHME PHÉNOMÉNAL DE LEUR APPARITION, ET COMMENT S'Y ENGAGE UNE SINGULIÈRE PRODUCTION DE RÉEL. EN DERNIER LIEU, L'ÉNIGMATIQUE AMOUR DES " FILLES DE CŒUR ", CES CRÉATURES CRÉATRICES DE LEUR CRÉATEUR, NOUS PERMET D'APPROCHER AU PLUS PRÈS LE MYSTÈRE DU " CORPS " QUI S'ÉNONCE DANS LES DERNIERS ÉCRITS D'ARTAUD.THIS APPROACH SEEKS TO DESCRIBE ARTAUD'S CAHIERS DE RODEZ AS A SERIES OF " EXPERIENCES BASED ON LOVE AND POETRY " AND TO CLARIFY A CERTAIN " LABOR " OF THE FEMININE. PREFIGURED IN THE WRITINGS OF 1937, THEN PROGRESSIVELY REPLAYED WITH THE VIRGINAL MATERNITY OF MARY IN THE CHRISTIANITY OF THE FIRST PHASE OF ARTAUD'S ASYLUM YEARS, THE " FILLES DE CŒUR " BECOME, BY THE SUMMER OF 1945, THE MAIN MOTIF OF THE CAHIERS. THROUGH THESE SUCCESSIVE METAMORPHOSES, WE WITNESS THE EMERGENCE OF A " HEART " INEXTRICABLY LINKED TO A VISIONARY PRACTICE, ITSELF BASED ON AN IMAGINATION THAT EMBODIES. RATHER THAN ENGAGING IN CLINICAL CATEGORIZATION, OUR READING INSTEAD ATTEMPTS TO UNDERSTAND THESE FEMININE FIGURES AS THEY PRESENT THEMSELVES IN THE CAHIERS, IN THE SAME PHENOMENAL RHYTHM AS THEIR APPEARANCE, AND TO EXPLORE THEREBY A PECULIAR PRODUCTION OF REALITY. THE ENIGMATIC LOVE OF THE " FILLES DE CŒUR ", THESE CREATURES WHO CREATE THEIR CREATOR, ALLOWS US, FINALLY, TO COME UP AGAINST THE MYSTERY OF THE " BODY " ANNOUNCED IN ARTAUD'S LATE WRITINGS.PARIS4-BU Serpente (751052129) / SudocSudocFranceF

Fauna associated with the cablage root fly in sequential sowings of turnips

National audienc

Ulysse, ou l'épopée du retour (étude comparée du mythe odysséen dans la littérature européenne)

De toutes les histoires de retour développées dans la littérature européenne (retour d'un marin, d'un soldat, d'un voyageur ; retour d un mari, d'un fils, etc.), la plus connue est sans aucun doute celle d'Ulysse, déposée dans l'Odyssée, et déployée à la faveur de près de trente siècles de reprises. Cette fortune exceptionnelle s'explique moins par la primauté historique d'un modèle que par la cristallisation des grands traits qui fédèrent ce corpus thématique : Homère a su, mieux que d'autres conteurs, décanter et modéliser le thème traditionnel du retour de l'absent en conférant à son épopée une densité dramatique et une étendue narrative inégalées - c'est ce que la première partie de cette étude permet d établir. Mais ce processus de mythification se comprend surtout a posteriori, à partir de résurgences qui ont contribué à gonfler l'histoire du retour d'Ulysse d'une plénitude sémantique et émotionnelle singulière. S'il est un domaine dans lequel cette idéalisation du retour atteint son plein épanouissement, c'est bien la poésie d'exil, comme le montre la seconde partie. De l'Antiquité au XXe siècle, les poètes éloignés de la terre natale ont trouvé dans le récit du retour à Ithaque un matériau poétique tout indiqué à la construction d'une fiction élégiaque où la nostalgie de la patrie fait saillir en même temps des désirs de retour d'une tout autre nature : retour aux paradis perdus, ceux de l'enfance et ceux d un absolu inaccessible. De ces deux éclairages successifs naît une certitude : s'il est abusif de parler d'un "mythe d'Ulysse", il est en revanche légitime de distinguer dans ce vaste ensemble narratif un mythe littéraire du retour : le "mythe odysséen".Among all the stories dealing with coming back home in European literature (the coming back of a sailor, a soldier, a traveller, the coming back of a husband, a son, etc.), the best-known is, without any doubt whatever, that of Ulysses, narrated in the Odyssey which has been told again and again for almost thirty centuries. This exceptional good fortune is to be explained more by the crystallization of the main features that make up this thematic corpus than by the historical importance of a model. Homer managed more than any other story-tellers to clarify and typify the traditional theme of the coming back of the missing one by giving his epic a dramatic density and a narrative scope that has remained unequalled. That is what the first part of this study shows. Yet, this mythification process can better be understood a posteriori thanks to resurgences that have played a part in enriching the story of the coming back of Ulysses with remarkable plenitude both at semantic and emotional levels. If there is a field in which this idealization of the coming back is to reach its full climax, it is undeniably poetry in exile as the second part of this work shows. From Antiquity to the twentieth century, the poets far away from their motherlands have found in the tale of the coming back to Ithaca very inspiring poetic material to build up elegiac fiction in which homesickness also ignites incentives to come back of another nature : a coming back to paradise lost, particularly that of childhood and that of an inaccessible absolute. If it is abusive to speak about the Myth of Ulysses, it is legitimate to distinguish in this narrative set a myth of the coming back : the Odysseyan myth.PARIS4-BU Serpente (751052129) / SudocSudocFranceF