Políticas sociais do Brasil e México

Esse artigo tem por objetivo contribuir á discussáo sobre a situagáo das políticas sociais no cenário contemporáneo, com o foco da realidade brasileira e mexicana, atreladas a uma orientagáo internacional. O interesse é analisar como esses dois países tém suas bases sociais ás mesmas problemáticas devido ás similitudes da formagáo do capitalismo latino americano, ás ordens do Banco Mundial e das demandas da agenda neoliberal. Sem um enfoque de mudanga por completo, por náo atingir diretamente a causa, mas sim a consequéncia, as políticas de transferéncia de renda ganham espago e tornam moeda de troca de votos para os governos.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

Políticas sociais do Brasil e México

Esse artigo tem por objetivo contribuir á discussáo sobre a situagáo das políticas sociais no cenário contemporáneo, com o foco da realidade brasileira e mexicana, atreladas a uma orientagáo internacional. O interesse é analisar como esses dois países tém suas bases sociais ás mesmas problemáticas devido ás similitudes da formagáo do capitalismo latino americano, ás ordens do Banco Mundial e das demandas da agenda neoliberal. Sem um enfoque de mudanga por completo, por náo atingir diretamente a causa, mas sim a consequéncia, as políticas de transferéncia de renda ganham espago e tornam moeda de troca de votos para os governos.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

Disponibilidade de cobre na rotação soja-trigo em sistema de plantio direto.

A matéria orgânica (MO) é um quelante natural com capacidade de diminuir a disponibilidade de cobre (Cu) para as plantas, principalmente, quando cultivadas em sistema de plantio direto (SPD). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de doses de Cu sobre a produção e fertilidade do solo na rotação trigo (Triticum aestivum) e soja (Glycine max) em SPD. O delineamento experimental foi o blocos casualizados em parcelas subdividida com quatro repetições. As parcelas consistiram na aplicação de cinco doses de Cu (0, 1, 2, 4 e 8 kg ha-1) em cobertura e a subparcelas os períodos de cultivo. As doses de Cu influenciaram a produção de grãos de trigo e soja. Em solo com alto teor de MO, os extratores DTPA-TEA e Mehlich 1 apresentaram correlação significativa na determinação do Cu disponível, sendo que o DTPA-TEA teve o melhor ajuste (R2) em função das doses de Cu aplicada

Pineapple by-products as a source of bioactive compounds with potential for industrial food application

Pineapple is a tropical fruit consumed fresh or processed into various food products. However, the peel and crown of this fruit are not industrially exploited, thus generating tons of by-products that represent an economic and environmental concern. In order to promote the upcycling of these by-products, this work aimed to characterize the phenolic profile of its hydroethanolic extracts obtained from pineapple peel and crown leaves and to evaluate their in vitro bioactivity. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis allowed the identification of 25 phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. The antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activity assays highlighted the peel extract as the most promising and, therefore, it was incorporated into a traditional Portuguese pastry cake as a functional ingredient. The nutritional parameters of the developed food were not affected by the incorporation of the extract, but it promoted the antioxidant activity during its shelf-life. Overall, pineapple peel and crown appeared as promising by-products to be exploited by the food industry, which can be achieved through a circular economy approach.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). R. C. Calhelha and L. Barros acknowledge the national funding by FCT, P. I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract, and J. Pinela and M. Carocho through the individual scientific employment program-contract (CEECIND/01011/2018 and CEECIND/00831/2018, respectively). C. Caleja is thankful for her contract through the project Healthy- PETFOOD (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047073). Conducted under the project “BIOMA – Bioeconomy integrated solutions for the mobilization of the Agro-food market” (POCI-01-0247- FEDER-046112), by “BIOMA” Consortium, and financed by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through the Incentive System to Research and Technological development, within the Portugal2020 Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program. This work has been supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia (451-03-9/ 2021-14/200007).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Soybean growth and production under straw of maize, Urochloa brizantha, Conyza spp. and Digitaria insularis

Weeds can cause serious damage during soybean development, due to allelopathy, competition for water, light and nutrients. It is necessary to investigate the influence of straw, of weeds Conyza spp. and Digitaria insularis, in soybean growth, production and composition and grains. If there is influence of allelopathic compounds at the crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of straw of maize and Urochloa brizantha (A.Rich.) R.D.Webster crops and Conyza spp., D. insularis, on growth, production and composition of grains produced by soybean. Treatments consisted of the control (absence of straw), maize straw, Urochloa brizantha straw, Conyza spp. straw (500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 kg ha-1) and D. insularis straw (500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 kg ha-1). The chlorophyll index, height of plants and insertion of the first pod, stem diameter at the collar and at 5 cm from the collar, root dry mass, number of pods and grains, weight of total grains, weight of 100 grains, protein and nitrogen (N), catalase and peroxidase contents in grains were evaluated. There was no difference between treatments for plant height, first pod height and chlorophyll index, as well as for total pods and 100 grain weight and protein content, N content and peroxidase and carboxylase enzymatic activity of the grains produced. For stem diameter, a higher value was found for the treatment with maize straw compared to the control (no straw). For dry root matter, treatments without straw and with Conyza spp. straw up to 1500 kg ha-1, differed from the treatment with maize straw. Even in some respects they provided beneficial effects compared to the absence of straw, which indicates the importance of crop residues. No allelopathic effects of weeds were observed on the growth and development of soybean. Conyza spp., D. insularis, maize or U. brizantha straws do not negatively affect soybean growth, production and grain composition

Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial and antitumoral activities of mononuclear zinc complexes containing tridentate amine based ligands with N3 or N2O donor groups

The synthesis and characterization of the four zinc(II) complexes [Zn(HL1)Cl-2] (1), [Zn(H2L2)Cl-2](2), [Zn(H2L3)Cl-2] (3) and[Zn(H2L4)Cl-2] (4), where HL1 = (bis-2-pyridylmethyl)amine, H2L2 = (2-hydroxybenzyl- 2-pyridylmethyl) amine, H2L3 = N-2[(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)amino)ethanol, H2L4 = 1-[(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)- amino]-propan-2-ol are reported; (3) and (4) are new while (2) was reported previously but its structure had not been determined. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopic, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI(+)-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry ESI(+)-MS/MS). X-ray diffraction studies were performed for complexes (1)-(3) revealing the presence of mononuclear structures in the solid state. The X-ray analyses of (1) and (3) demonstrate that HL1 and HL2 act as tridentate ligands, while the ligand H2L2 in (2) is bidentate. The cytotoxic properties of the ligands and of all the complexes were examined using human leukemia THP-1, U937 and Molt-4 cells. Complex (4) exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in this series with an IC50 value of 75 +/- 1 mu mol L (1) against U937 cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals ultrastructural changes typical of apoptotic cells. The induction of apoptosis was confirmed by the annexin V assay. The antimicrobial activity of complexes (1)-(4) was also investigated in vitro against four Gram-positive bacteria (ATCC10832, ATCC25923, COL) and the clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolate LSA88 (SEC/SEF/ TSST-1+). Complex (2) showed the most potent inhibitory activity, reaching almost 100% of inhibition against all strains tested. Morphological investigations using TEM indicate that the antibacterial activity of complex (2) may be associated with the inhibition of cell wall and therefore cell division. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved

Hybrid Copper-Nanowire–Reduced-Graphene-Oxide Coatings: A “Green Solution” Toward Highly Transparent, Highly Conductive, and Flexible Electrodes for (Opto)Electronics

This study reports a novel green chemistry approach to assemble copper-nanowires/reduced-graphene-oxide hybrid coatings onto inorganic and organic supports. Such films are robust and combine sheet resistances ( 70%) that are rivalling those of indium–tin oxide. These electrodes are suitable for flexible electronic applications as they show a sheet resistance change of <4% after 10 000 bending cycles at a bending radius of 1.0 cm, when supported on polyethylene terephthalate foils. Significantly, the wet-chemistry method involves the preparation of dispersions in environmentally friendly solvents and avoids the use of harmful reagents. Such inks are processed at room temperature on a wide variety of surfaces by spray coating. As a proof-of-concept, this study demonstrates the successful use of such coatings as electrodes in high-performance electrochromic devices. The robustness of the electrodes is demonstrated by performing several tens of thousands of cycles of device operation. These unique conducting coatings hold potential for being exploited as transparent electrodes in numerous optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and displays