»Dom je samo eden«: Ženske priseljenke iz EU v Beogradu

Tema članka je antropološka analiza pričevanj ženskih priseljenk iz EU, ki živijo v Beogradu. Analiza uporablja dva pristopa – »transnacionalizem od spodaj« in študije pojmovanja doma. Članek odgovarja na vprašanje, kaj državljankam Evropske unije, ki živijo zunaj nje, pomeni dom. Njegov namen je osvetliti migracije srednjega razreda, torej iz bolj razvitih v manj razvite države. Rezultati analize kažejo, da je pojem doma na zapleten način povezan z intervjuvankino percepcijo njenega transmigrantskega statusa in »bifokalnega življenja«. Članek opozarja, da je tudi življenje šolanih in strokovno usposobljenih priseljenk iz držav EU zelo zanimiva raziskovalna tematika.The subject of this paper is the anthropological analysis of narratives of female migrants from the EU who are living in Belgrade. The analysis uses the approaches of “transnationalism from below” and home studies. The paper addresses the question of what is home for EU citizens living outside the EU. The aim is to cast increased light on middle-class migrations from more developed countries to a less developed country. The main results show that the notion of home is intricately linked with the interviewees’ understanding of their transmigrant position and their “bifocal lives”. The study draws attention to educated and skilled EU migrants as a compelling research topic

ROLE OF "THE GREAT ARTIST NATURE" IN ACHIEVING PERPETUAL PEACE. ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRACTICAL REASON AND NATURE IN KANT\u27S PHILOSOPHY

Naseljavanje čitave zemlje, uspostava republikanske vladavine kao najstabilnije i zbližavanje naroda kroz razmjenu privrednih dobara, među kojima su rasne i religijske razlike često bile uzrok neprijateljstava i ratova, pretpostavke su postizanja vječnog mira. Ove pretpostavke Kant pripisuje "velikoj umjetnici prirodi", jer se zbivaju u sklopu egoističnih materijalnih interesa čovjeka - na razini čovjeka kao prirodnog bića, bez utjecaja njegove umske volje. Polazeći od Kantove konstatacije da je moral za postizanje pretpostavki vječnog mira nedostatan, čak nemoćan, autorica propituje opreku materijalnih interesa čovjeka i svrhe uma u Kantovoj etici. Pokazuje da Kant praktični um shvaća kao čovjekovu dispoziciju za veću potpunost svoje ljudskosti, a opreku svrhe uma i prirodnih nagnuća čovjeka identificira u posvemašnjem isključenju osjetilnih i osjećajnih poticaja iz moralnog čina. Ovo isključenje razmatra autorica povezano s Kantovim pojmom slobode, shvaćenim kao kauzalitet iz slobode umske volje.The prerequisites for achieving perpetual peace are the settlement of the entire Earth, the establishment of republican government (the most stable type of government) and the exchange of goods as a way of bringing peoples together, peoples among whom racial and religious differences have often sparked animosities. Kant attributes these prerequisites to "the great artist Nature", since they occur as a part of egoistic material interests of men - at the level of men as natural beings, without influencin their intelectual will. Starting with Kant\u27s proviso that morality does not suffice for achieving the prerequisites for perpetual peace, the author deals with the opposition between man\u27s material interests and the purpose of of reason in Kant\u27s ethics. She goes on to show that Kant understands practical mind as one\u27s disposition for a complete realization of one\u27s humanness. The polarity between the purpose of the reason and man\u27s natural strivings she identifies in the exclusion of sensory and emotional impulses from moral acts. The author analyzes this exclusion in combination with Kant\u27s concept of freedom, defined as the causality springing from the freedom of rational will

The Novel "Snowman" by David Albahari. A Socio-Anthropological Reading

In this paper ideas of literary anthropology that legitimize research of fiction work in socio-cultural anthropology are combined with the theories and methodologies of migration studies. Novels can be used as a source for understanding and interpreting certain phenomena from our socio-cultural reality and be an object of research. Therefore, this paper analyzes the novel Snowman (1996) by David Albahari from his so-called "Canadian Trilogy". It is his first novel after his emigration to Canada from Serbia in 1994. This paper aims to draw attention to the possibilities and potentials of anthropological analysis of Serbian literature that originated in Canada as one of the possible strands of literary anthropology. Is a prerequisite for successful integration of the first generation of immigrants good competence in the foreign language, a prestigious and wellpaid job, and higher education? The answer to this question can contribute to a better understanding of the fictional representation of migrants and be useful in anthropological studies of contemporary migrations. To test this hypothesis, we have juxtaposed the novel "Snow-man" with Albahari's collection of essays "Diaspora and other things" on the life of immigrants in Canada based on the author's personal experiences and experiences of his co-nationals in Canada, and working biography of the author. Furthermore, we test Robert Park's concept of the "marginal man". While researching American Jews, Park concluded that they are "men on the margin of the two cultures" and that "marginal men personality" is a "cultural hybrid", developed as a reaction to life in new surroundings. Finally, in the analysis section Milton Bennett's method "developmental model of intercultural sensitivity" is used. Bennett's model consists of six stages: denial, defense, minimization (first stage) and acculturation, adaptation, integration (second stage) and can be applied for the purpose of interpreting immigrants' experiences in a foreign society. The main character of the novel "Snowman is a writer from a small European country which is at war. He got a job at a university in a faraway northern non-European country and speaks their language fluently. However, he is nostalgic and homesick, feels misunderstood among his new colleagues and his new life seems to him hopeless. Finally, overburdened with all these emotions, he succumbs to heavy snowfall. Previous research of working migrants suggests that incompetence in the language of the country of residence, a low paid and unskilled job and low level of education are the main factors for their low level of integration. On the other hand, using the example of the educated main character from the novel, this paper shows that adaptation, integration, and positive emotions, such are pleasure and happiness, do not have to correlate with the level of education, language competence, and prestigious employment in a foreign country. In other words, the protagonist of the "Snowman" did not want to develop intercultural sensitivity. Therefore, we propose that migration studies should research not only what migrants do and how they behave but how they feel in their new surroundings. In this respect, migration literature with biographical elements may serve as an important source for this kind of research

Two new mesophilous oriental hornbeam communities from the northern Dinaric Alps (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

The paper describes two new mesophilous communities of oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis) scrub from the northern Dinaric Alps in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). While oriental hornbeam is mainly considered to be a part of thermophilous forests and scrub, numerical analysis of 103 relevés of C. orientalis dominated scrub from B&H has shown that two new, rather mesophilous, communities thrive on calcareous bedrock of NW B&H. They are mainly coppices that present secondary successional stages of mesotermic forest vegetation in this region. Association  Epimedio alpini-Carpinetum orientalis ass. nova hoc loco is related to Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests of Erythronio-Carpinion betuli, while Asplenio scolopendrii-Carpinetum orientalis ass. nova hoc loco is linked to Balkan submediterranean ravine forests of Ostryo-Tilion. Although these two associations were recorded only in the NW B&H, their distribution is potentially larger, as their source communities are relatively common throughout the Dinaric Alps, so the information about their distribution, vertical structure, and syndynamic relations could be very useful in a national scale forest management and nature conservation

Anthropological analysis of cultural representations of Serbia and the European Union by EU female citizens living in Belgrade

U radu se istražuje evropeizacija svakodnevnog života u Srbiji na mikronivou tako što se kombinuje pristup o kulturnim predstavama, preuzet iz kognitivne teorije sa analizom životnih priča iz studija migracija. Analizirani su rezultati dubinskog polustrukturisanog intervjua sa osam državljanki zemalja Evropske unije (Austrija, Velika Britanija, Grčka, Estonija, Nemačka, Slovenija, Francuska i Finska) koje su izabrale da žive u Srbiji, tačnije u Beogradu, od kraja 1999. godine. Cilj rada je da ukaže na različite kulturne vrednosti i upotrebu različitih kulturnih strategija koje primenjuju državljanke EU koje žive u Srbiji. U svetlu "odliva mozgova" i problema da mnogi mladi ljudi ne vide svoju budućnost u Srbiji, razlozi ispitanica da žive u Srbiji i njihova percepcija Evropske unije i svakodnevnog života mogu da predstavljaju predmet novih kulturnih i migracijskih politika u Srbiji. Primarna prednost u Srbiji za ispitanice predstavlja visok kvalitet života. To se odnosi na posedovanje slobodnog i neorganizovanog vremena koje im omogućava da se više druže nego što bi to bilo moguće u zemljama EU. Međutim, mnoge vide prednosti u evrointegracijama Srbije kao što su: uvođenje propisa o zaštiti životne sredine, porast kvalitata zdravstvenog, zakonodavnog i obrazovanog sistema i efikasnija borba protiv korupcije. Sa druge strane, moguće mane su eksploatacija domaćeg tržišta, gubitak slobode odlučivanja ili porast korupcije u državnom vrhu.This article researches Europeanization of everyday life in Serbia on a micro level. It combines cultural representations approach from cognitive theory with an analysis of life stories from migration studies. Thus, the paper analyses the results of in-depth semistructured interviews with eight EU female citizens from Austria, Estonia, France, Finland, Great Britain, Greece, Germany, and Slovenia. They have chosen to live in Serbia, more precisely in Belgrade from the end of 1999. The aim of the paper is to point out different cultural values and the use of diverse cultural strategies which EU female citizens utilize in their everyday life in Serbia. In the light of the "brain drain" issue in Serbia, the reasons of interlocutors to live in Serbia may represent the subject of new cultural and migratory policies in Serbia. The most significant advantage of living in Serbia for the interlocutors is the high quality of life: the possibility to have free and unorganized time which allows them to socialize more than it would be possible in the EU. However, many see benefits in the EU-integration process of Serbia, such are introduction of regulations of the environment, higher quality of health, legislative and educational system, and more efficient fight against corruption. On the other hand, as possible disadvantages of the EU-integrations, they stress the exploitation of domestic market, the loss of freedom of decision-making or rise of corruption among domestic politicians

Alveolar Bone Loss on Abutment and Non-Abutment Teeth in Relation to Removable Partial Denture Wearing. A Six Month Follow Up Study

Gubitak interdentalnog alveolarnoga koštanog septuma moguće je dijagnosticirati na radiološkoj slici u obliku omjera visine interdentalnog alveolarnoga septuma i visine korijenskoga dijela zuba mjerenog od cementno-caklinskoga spojišta do vrška korijena. Svrha ovog rada bila je izmjeriti visinu interdentalne alveolarne kosti na ortopantomogramima, na zubima nosačima i nenosačima u pacijenata nositelja djelomičnih proteza, prigodom predaje djelomične proteze i nakon 6 mjeseci. Dvadeset pacijenata (5 muškaraca, 15 žena), nositelja djelomičnih proteza, sudjelovalo je u istraživanju. Gubitak alveolarne kosti izmjeren je na ortopantomogramima, služeći se Shei indeksom, na mezijalnoj i distalnoj stijenci svakoga zuba nosača i nenosača u donjoj čeljusti, neposredno nakon predaje djelomične proteze te 6 mjeseci poslije. Također su zabilježene kliničke vrijednosti plak indeksa izmjerene na sredini bukalne i palatinalne stijenke te mezio- i disto-palatinalno na svakom zubu nosaču i nenosaču u donjoj čeljusti nakon predaje djelomičnih proteza te 6 mjeseci poslije. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da su se vrijednosti Shei indeksa znatno smanjile na distalnim stijenkama zuba nosačima te na mezijalnim i distalnim stijenkama zuba nenosača (p0,05). Gubitak koštane strukture oko zuba nosača i oko zuba nenosača vjerojatno je više povezan s visokim vrijednostima izmjerenoga plak indeksa te s niskom razinom oralne higijene nego s novonastalim opterećenjem od djelomičnih proteza.Loss of interdental alveolar bony septum can be determined directly from a radiograph as the relation between the length of the interdental bony crest of the alveolus to the tooth apex and the distance from the cemento-enamel junction of the tooth to the tooth apex. The aim of this study was to measure the height of the interdental alveolar bone around the abutment and non-abutment teeth in removable partial denture wearers (RPD) on dental panoramic radiographs (DPR) over a period of six months. Twenty RPD patients (5 male, 15 female) participated in the study. The alveolar bone loss measurement was performed on DPRs, using Schei index, on each mandibular abutment and nonabutment tooth on its mesial and distal side, after the RPD delivery and six months later. Recordings of plaque index (PlI) were made at the mid-buccal, mid-palatal, mesio- and disto-palatal surfaces of all abutment and non-abutment teeth in the mandible after the RPD delivery and six months later. The results revealed a decrease in Schei index values, on both abutment and non-abutment teeth, which reached a statistically significant level for distal Schei index values of the abutment teeth and mesial and distal Schei index values of the non abutment teeth (p0.05). We concluded that the decrease in bone support on both abutment and non-abutment teeth was attributed to the high levels of PlI and probable low level of oral hygiene than to the RPD loading

ETHICS AND WORLBUILDING

U prvom dijelu ovog rada prikazuju se temeljne odrednice etike u Kanta. Polazište novovjekog čovjeka: znati da bi mogao djelovati obuhvaća u Kanta činjenje dobre volje na koju se svodi ćudoredno djelujuća osoba, a odatle pozitivno stečeno pravo i napredovanje u prosvjetiteljstvu. Kantovo određenje praktičnog (etičkog) uma pokazuje se kao odlučan zaokret u povijesti filozofije. U Kantovoj etici maksima svakog čovjeka je putem njegova nastojanja i samoprisile izravni sudionik opstojanja općevaljanog obrasca odnošenja u zajednici. U drugom dijelu problematizira se određenje ethosa kao jezgre povijesnog razvitka u filozofiji Maxa Schelera. Odlučna je razlika Schelerova mišljenja spram određenja ćudoređa u Kanta u tome što je materijalna vrijednosna etika koncipirana kao “najdublje jezgro same povijesti” – povijesnog procesa nastajanja svijeta. Temeljne vrednote pripadne nekom društveno-povijesnom jedinstvu (razdoblju, epohi, narodu) ne grade samo međuljudske odnose, nego se tiču cjelokupnog okolnog svijeta. To je pokazao Max Scheler sa središnjim pojmom svoje filozofije – pojmom ethosa i problematizacijom ethosa koji nosi i razvija novovjekovni svijet.In the first section of this article, Kant’s basic determinants of ethics are expounded. In Kant, the starting point of modern man: to know that he could act, encompasses a doing of good will, to which an ethically active person is reduced, and on that basis the positive acquired law and advancement in the enlightenment. Kant’s definition of the practical (ethical) reason proves to be the decisive turning point in the history of philosophy. In Kant’s ethics, the maxim of every man, through his striving and his self-coercion, is a direct participant in the subsistence of the generally valid pattern of relations within a community. The second section focuses on the problem matter related to the definition of ethos as the core of historical development in Max Scheler’s philosophy. The crucial difference between Scheler’s thought and Kant’s definition of ethics lies in the fact that material value-related ethics is conceived as the “deepest core of history itself” – of the historical process of world genesis. The fundamental values belonging to a social-historical unity (period, epoch, people) do more than build relations between people – they also concern the entire surrounding world. Max Scheler demonstrated this with the central concept of his philosophy – the concept of ethos and inquiry into the problem of ethos which bears and develops the modern world

ETHICS AND WORLBUILDING

U prvom dijelu ovog rada prikazuju se temeljne odrednice etike u Kanta. Polazište novovjekog čovjeka: znati da bi mogao djelovati obuhvaća u Kanta činjenje dobre volje na koju se svodi ćudoredno djelujuća osoba, a odatle pozitivno stečeno pravo i napredovanje u prosvjetiteljstvu. Kantovo određenje praktičnog (etičkog) uma pokazuje se kao odlučan zaokret u povijesti filozofije. U Kantovoj etici maksima svakog čovjeka je putem njegova nastojanja i samoprisile izravni sudionik opstojanja općevaljanog obrasca odnošenja u zajednici. U drugom dijelu problematizira se određenje ethosa kao jezgre povijesnog razvitka u filozofiji Maxa Schelera. Odlučna je razlika Schelerova mišljenja spram određenja ćudoređa u Kanta u tome što je materijalna vrijednosna etika koncipirana kao “najdublje jezgro same povijesti” – povijesnog procesa nastajanja svijeta. Temeljne vrednote pripadne nekom društveno-povijesnom jedinstvu (razdoblju, epohi, narodu) ne grade samo međuljudske odnose, nego se tiču cjelokupnog okolnog svijeta. To je pokazao Max Scheler sa središnjim pojmom svoje filozofije – pojmom ethosa i problematizacijom ethosa koji nosi i razvija novovjekovni svijet.In the first section of this article, Kant’s basic determinants of ethics are expounded. In Kant, the starting point of modern man: to know that he could act, encompasses a doing of good will, to which an ethically active person is reduced, and on that basis the positive acquired law and advancement in the enlightenment. Kant’s definition of the practical (ethical) reason proves to be the decisive turning point in the history of philosophy. In Kant’s ethics, the maxim of every man, through his striving and his self-coercion, is a direct participant in the subsistence of the generally valid pattern of relations within a community. The second section focuses on the problem matter related to the definition of ethos as the core of historical development in Max Scheler’s philosophy. The crucial difference between Scheler’s thought and Kant’s definition of ethics lies in the fact that material value-related ethics is conceived as the “deepest core of history itself” – of the historical process of world genesis. The fundamental values belonging to a social-historical unity (period, epoch, people) do more than build relations between people – they also concern the entire surrounding world. Max Scheler demonstrated this with the central concept of his philosophy – the concept of ethos and inquiry into the problem of ethos which bears and develops the modern world