Small-scale variability of the cross-shelf flow over the outer shelf of the Ross Sea

The importance of cross-shelf transport across the Ross Sea on local and remote processes has been well documented. In the Ross Sea, mid-water intrusions of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) are modified by shelf water near the shelf break to form Modified Circumpolar Deep Water (MCDW). In 2010–2011, we deployed multi-platform technologies focused on this MCDW intrusion in the vicinity of Mawson and Pennell Banks to better understand its role in ecosystem processes across the shelf. The high-resolution time and space sampling provided by an underwater glider, a short-term mooring, and a ship-based survey highlight the scales over which these critical cross-shelf transport processes occur. MCDW cores were observed as small-scale well-defined features over the western slopes of Pennell and Mawson Banks. The mean transport along Pennell Bank was estimated to be about 0.24 Sv but was highly variable in time (hours to days). The observations suggest that the core of MCDW is transported by a predominately barotropic flow that follows topography around the banks toward the south until the slope of the bank flattens and the warmer water moves up and over the bank. This pathway is shown to link the source MCDW with an area of high productivity over the shallows of Pennell Bank

Fingerprints Of Election Theft: Were Competitive Contests Targeted?

In this report, we describe results from a telephone poll conducted the night of the national election of November, 2006. The poll methodology was explicitly designed to detect partisan manipulation of the vote count, and to separate evidence for manipulation from poll sampling bias. Our premise was that politically motivated tampering would target races that were projected to be competitive, while the perpetrators would be less motivated to interfere in races that were not projected to be close. Designing our poll to be maximally sensitive to such a pattern, we selected 16 counties around the country where, of the three most prominent races (Governor, Senator or US House), there was at least one competitive contest and one noncompetitive contest. In our study, the responses of the same group of respondents were compared to official election results for pairs of races, one competitive and one noncompetitive. We used paired data analysis to compare discrepancies between poll and official count for these matched pairs. Our results revealed much larger discrepancies in competitive than in noncompetitive races (

Coos County Emergency Management Strategic Plan

22 pagesA Community Planning Workshop (CPW) team of four graduate students worked under the direction of a faculty manager to facilitate this planning process. The student team conducted research, facilitated meetings with local steering committees and prepared the final plans and project reports. This project was completed in collaboration with the Oregon Partnership for Disaster Resilience (OPDR). This strategic planning process evaluated Coos County EM’s core mission areas - Planning, Organization, Equipment, Training, and Exercises (i.e. the POETE framework) - against available and forecasted resources. The resulting strategy outlines how the county will sustain EM capabilities through an action plan informed by the processes, stakeholders and influences that drive local Emergency Management.Coos County Emergency Management Strategic Steering Committe

Evidence for Dry Carbonatite Metasomatism in the Oceanic Lithosphere from Peridotite Xenoliths of Samoa and Lanzarote

Water in Earths mantle affects processes like magmatism and plate tectonics. Experiments show that CO2-rich fluids lower the water solubility in olivine, implying that CO2-rich melts/fluids may dehydrate the lithosphere during metasomatism. To test this hypothesis, we report water concentrations (by polarized FTIR) of olivines, orthopyroxenes (OPX) and clinopyroxenes (CPX) from Savaii (Samoa) and Lanzarote (Canary Islands) peridotite xenoliths with evidence of carbonatite metasomatism. Savaii peridotites are highly depleted harzburgites and dunites with spinel Cr# (Cr/(Cr+Al)) ranging from 0.4 to 0.76 (estimated degree of melting: 191.5%). Strong Light Rare Earth Element (LREE) enrichments with Ti and Zr depletions in OPX and CO2-rich fluid inclusions (via Raman spectroscopy) are consistent with carbonatite metasomatism. Olivine, OPX and reconstructed bulk rock water concentrations (0.67-3.8, 17-89 and 4-26 ppm H2O, respectively) are low and show no apparent relationship with extent of carbonatite metasomatism. Calculated water concentrations of melts in equilibrium with Savaii OPX (OPX/melt partitioning of water 0.0063 to 0.011) are, on average (0.540.32 wt% H2O), lower than host Samoan lavas (0.63 to 1.5 wt% H2O), despite the LREE enrichments in OPX. Lanzarote peridotites are also highly depleted (degree of melting from spinel Cr#: 171.8%).Water concentrations are low in olivines (1.7-5.3 ppm H2O) and variable in pyroxenes (OPX: 42-103 ppm H2O; CPX: 105-301 ppm H2O), and show no apparent correlation with indicators of carbonatite metasomatism. Both Savaii and Lanzarote peridotites show negative correlations between water and degree of melting (i.e. Mg/(Mg+Fe), Cr#), suggesting melt depletion rather than metasomatism may have influenced their water concentrations. Calculated water concentrations of melts in equilibrium with Lanzarote CPX (average 1.90.75 wt% H2O; CPX/melt partitioning of water 0.011 to 0.012) are similar to those for Western Canaries lavas (average 1.80.31 wt%; CPX/melt partitioning of water 0.016 to 0.021) inferred from their CPX phenocrysts. However, calculated Ce concentrations in such melts (352 to 378 ppm; CPX/melt partitioning of Ce 0.07) are an order of magnitude greater than the lavas, and similar to carbonatites. This leads to H2O/Ce to be an order of magnitude lower in the inferred melts (26 to 57) than estimates for Western Canary lavas (280150). These low H2O/Ce ratios may suggest H2O loss from CPX during ascent, but the lack of strong water diffusion gradients in Lanzarote minerals does not support this. Instead we hypothesize that carbonatite metasomatism resulted in greater enrichment of Ce over H2O. Assuming carbonatite magmas are water rich, this implies a lower partitioning of water between minerals and melts during metasomatism, as suggested by experiments. Our data suggests carbonatite metasomatism does not result in significant re-hydration of the lithosphere, in contrast to silicate metasomatism as previously observed in Hawaiian peridotites

Gene capture prediction and overlap estimation in EST sequencing from one or multiple libraries

BACKGROUND: In expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing, we are often interested in how many genes we can capture in an EST sample of a targeted size. This information provides insights to sequencing efficiency in experimental design, as well as clues to the diversity of expressed genes in the tissue from which the library was constructed. RESULTS: We propose a compound Poisson process model that can accurately predict the gene capture in a future EST sample based on an initial EST sample. It also allows estimation of the number of expressed genes in one cDNA library or co-expressed in two cDNA libraries. The superior performance of the new prediction method over an existing approach is established by a simulation study. Our analysis of four Arabidopsis thaliana EST sets suggests that the number of expressed genes present in four different cDNA libraries of Arabidopsis thaliana varies from 9155 (root) to 12005 (silique). An observed fraction of co-expressed genes in two different EST sets as low as 25% can correspond to an actual overlap fraction greater than 65%. CONCLUSION: The proposed method provides a convenient tool for gene capture prediction and cDNA library property diagnosis in EST sequencing

Overspeed Trip Systems

Discussion Grou

Crawford Crossing: A Park Concept Plan

85 pagesTurner, Oregon is growing. A new residential development will soon increase the city’s housing stock by about a third, presenting new opportunities for community and economic development in Turner. Among these opportunities is the chance to develop 40 acres around Crawford Lake into a beautiful lakeside park with access to fishing, boating, hiking, picnicking, and outdoor enjoyment. This document outlines a vision and concept for this new park, based on extensive input from Turner area residents both young and old. The City of Turner and interested community groups can use the park design concept and resources presented here as a guide for building out the park over the coming years. About the Concept Plan Crawford Lake, located in northern Turner, began its life as a quarry excavated by Riverbend Sand and Gravel. The quarry was retired in 2008 and has gradually filled with water to form what is now the 70- acre Crawford Lake. After almost a decade, the land around the lake is being developed, adding 203 new single family homes and 131 apartment units to the Turner residential community. The “Crawford Crossing” development offers more than the promise of residential growth: as part of the project, the City of Turner is receiving 40 acres of donated land on the southern end of Crawford Lake to develop as a public park. As Turner grows, the new Crawford Crossing Park will enhance residents’ quality of life by offering access to the lake’s recreational amenities and increasing the availability of natural areas and open spaces for public use.City of Turner, OR; Community Service Cente

Overview of NASA Glenn Seal Project

NASA Glenn is currently performing seal research supporting both advanced turbine engine development and advanced space vehicle/propulsion system development. Studies have shown that decreasing parasitic leakage through applying advanced seals will increase turbine engine performance and decrease operating costs. Studies have also shown that higher temperature, long life seals are critical in meeting next generation space vehicle and propulsion system goals in the areas of performance, reusability, safety, and cost. NASA Glenn is developing seal technology and providing technical consultation for the Agency s key aero- and space technology development programs