Place Name Restoration in Haudenosaunee Territory: Frameworks for Language and Landscape

In place name restoration, especially in indigenous territory, layers of place and language are actively complex; as place names survive, evolve, and resist forces of colonialist erasure, violence, and distortion, elements of place name restoration become critically obscured. By engaging with existing literatures and contextual knowledges, it is possible to understand place name restoration as a reparative act. This thesis explores place name restoration within the Haudenosaunee territory of upstate New York and the surrounding landscape; the thesis works to explore the terrain of place restoration in this territory, and to understand the positioning of researcher within this terrain. This work argues for the importance of holistic and reflexive place name restoration: to resist forces of settler colonialist suppression, and to [re]imagine place. This research proposes an innovative theoretical framework that clarifies elements of place name restoration and charts their possible relationships, for geolinguistic projects on large and continuing scales

An artful science : activism, non-violence, and radical democracy in Cold War Britain

Funding: The author would like to acknowledge the Royal Historical Society’s small grants programme for enabling me to complete the research underpinning this article.The Direct Action Committee (DAC, 1958–62) and its parent, the Non-Violent Research Group (NVRG 1949–62) occupy a minor position in British postwar peace historiography where they are generally depicted as a well-meaning fringe group whose political naivety limited their impact. This perspective assumes that success means inaugurating a mass movement or forcing a policy change. It overlooks the group's objections to these strategies and underplays the research dimension of their activities. This article argues that while unilateral disarmament was the DAC's short-term priority, it was always connected to a larger goal of cultivating non-violence as a practical political philosophy and theory of social change. During the 1950s, the group developed an ‘artful science’ of activism which included a poetics of protest inspired by the Gandhian concept of satyagraha. Later, their fieldwork experiences further informed a prosaic theory of activism attentive to the everyday business of organizing as a vital space for building democratic capacity.Peer reviewe

You\u27re A Great Big Blue Eyed Baby

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/2823/thumbnail.jp

Goal-driven attentional capture by appetitive and aversive smoking-related cues in nicotine dependent smokers

BACKGROUND: Conventionally, involuntary attentional capture by tobacco cues in smokers are seen as an implicit bias, operating independently of current search goals. Prominent attention research, however, has suggested that search goals can induce an involuntary attentional capture. In the current investigation, we tested whether appetitive and aversive smoking images affected attention through such a mechanism and whether there were group differences based on nicotine dependence. METHODS: We instructed non-smokers (NS), occasional smokers (OS; low dependence), and nicotine-dependent smokers (NDS; moderate-high dependence), to hold search goals for either an aversive or appetitive smoking category, or a category of non-smoking images. These images were presented in a stream of briefly appearing filler images, while task-irrelevant distractors were presented outside the stream. Distractors could be aversive or appetitive smoking images or a category of non-smoking images. Therefore, in some conditions, the distractors matched the current category being searched for, while in others it was incongruent. RESULTS: Task-irrelevant smoking distractors reduced target detection, compared to the non-smoking distractors, only when they were congruent with the specific category being searched for. There was no effect of either aversive or appetitive smoking distractors on performance when participants were searching for the non-smoking targets. Distractor interference did not differ between smokers and non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The results support a goal-driven mechanism underpinning involuntary attentional capture by smoking cues. These findings can be used to inform models of addiction and attention, and the display of health warnings. KEYWORDS

Pet ownership and grief – Exploring how pet ownership effects owners’ mental wellbeing during times of grief, a qualitative pilot study

Animal‑assisted interventions (AAIs) have exhibited encouraging outcomes in enhancing human mental health. However, research has investigated the potential benefits of untrained pets for human mental wellbeing, as training animals for AAI can be costly and time‑consuming. However, despite times of grief representing a significant risk factor for poor mental wellbeing, to date few studies have explored how pets may protect owner mental wellbeing during this period. This qualitative study explored how pet ownership impacts owner’s mental wellbeing during times of grief, and through what mechanisms. This study used semi‑structured interviews to interview pet owners who had lost a loved one (human) in the last 2 years. Twelve participants took part in the interviews which were analysed with thematic analysis. The analysis determined three key themes: hedonic wellbeing, feeling connected, and emotion regulation. The mechanisms that lead to owners’ mental wellbeing during times of grief were varied, including things like cuddling and walking pets, as well as just being in their presence. The key benefits owners derived from these activities and interactions are discussed. The findings of this study highlights how different owner‑pet activities and interactions bring differing benefits. While further studies are necessary, these preliminary findings can help inform current guidelines on pet ownership, and further understanding how these key relationships in times of grief. Future research should explore further the mechanisms related to pet ownership and grief