Impact De La Divagation Des Bovins Sur Les Cultures Dans La Ville De Korhogo

Une étude a été menée dans la ville de Korhogo en vue de déterminer l’impact de la divagation des bovins sur les cultures. Pour ce faire, une enquête a été menée auprès de 90 cultivateurs et 50 éleveurs. Les résultats ont montré que les éleveurs et les cultivateurs étaient en majorité des hommes contre une minorité de femmes. Les principales races de bovins élevées ont été par ordre d’importance les métis, les zébus, les baoulés et les N’damas. Le mode d’élevage prédominant a été la divagation où les bovins ont été principalement nourris avec le fourrage naturel et abreuvés dans les cours d’eau. La divagation des bovins dans les champs a entrainé beaucoup de dégâts au niveau des différentes cultures. Les cultures annuelles ont été les plus endommagées suivies des cultures maraîchères. Les cultures pérennes ont été moins attaquées. Les causes des dégâts ont été identifiées aussi bien chez les éleveurs que chez les cultivateurs. Les conséquences ont été observées aussi bien chez les bovins que les cultures. En définitive, une sensibilisation serait nécessaire dans le monde agricole en vue de limiter les dégâts de la divagation des bovins. A study was carried out in the city of Korhogo to determine the impact of cattle rambling on crops. To do this, a survey was conducted among 90 growers and 50 breeders. The results showed that the majority of breeders and cultivators were men against a minority of women. The main breeds of cattle raised were, in order of importance, the mestizos, the zebus, the baoulés and the N’damas. The predominant breeding method was straying where cattle were mainly fed with natural fodder and watered in the rivers. The rambling of cattle in the fields has caused a lot of damage in different crops. Annual crops were the most damaged, followed by vegetable crops. Perennial crops have been less attacked. The causes of the damage have been identified for both breeders and cultivators. The consequences have been observed in both cattle and crops. Ultimately, awareness would be necessary in the agricultural world in order to limit the damage caused by the ramblings of cattle

Physiological mechanism of resistance antibiosis to anthracnose of different Manihot varieties

Cassava is one of the main food crops in Africa, particularly in Côte d'Ivoire. However, the cultivated varieties are prone to attack by diseases. The present work focused on the role of phenolic and in particular flavonoid resistance markers in the Manihot esculenta-Colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathosystem. The aim was to elucidate the involvement of flavonoid antibiosis in the natural defense of three cultivars of M. esculenta when confronted with attacks by C. gloeosporioides. The quantitative dosage approach for total phenolics and flavonoids as well as the identification of flavonoid antibiosis have been carried out. The results revealed that the cultivars 9620A, TMS30572 and YACE of M. esculenta have, after the C. gloeosporioides inoculation tests, reacted early 2 days after inoculation (JAI) and accumulated relatively high levels of antibiosis phenolic and flavonoid 9JAI. The three cultivars accumulated constitutive flavonoid antibiosis and 3 neosynthesized antibiosis from 7JAI to 9JAI. The accumulation of flavonoid antibacterials neosynthesized in the stems and in the leaves testify to the expression of a systemic resistance of the cassava plants. The cultivars 9620A and TMS30572 are more tolerant than cultivar YACE. This study approach has made it possible to discriminate between cultivars and can therefore be used as a complementary selection tool to traditional selection tests.Keywords: Manihot esculenta, anthracnose, flavonoïd antibisis, glyphosate

Evaluation of the Agromorphological Determinants of the Spread of the Bacterial Disease in Orchards of the Main Mango-Producing Regions in Côte d'Ivoire

The use of agroecological practices for the management of phytosanitary problems has become a major issue in the context of sustainable development. It is with this in mind that this study was initiated in the regions of Bagoué, Poro and Tchologo. This study consisted of investigating the determinants likely to promote the spread of the bacterial disease in 720 mango trees of the Kent variety distributed in 20 orchards in the regions of Poro, Tchologo and Bagoué. During this study, the incidence and severity of bacterial disease on leaves and fruits (IsFe, IsFr, IcFe, IcFr) as well as agromorphological parameters such as East-West and North-South spans, total leaf area, fruit load, trunk circumference, total height and number of main branches (En EO and NS, SFT, ChFr, CirTr, HaTr and RamP) were measured. The performance of the pearson correlation test revealed that spans (N-S and E-O), HaTr, SFT and ChFr are the 4 agromorphological determinants that promote the spread of bacteriosis in orchards of the three (3) regions. The synthesis of the results of the ACP and the CAH supplemented by a multivariate analysis (MANOVA) made it possible to structure the mango orchards into three (3) homogeneous groups. Group 1 orchards (VB4, VB8, VS1, VF5, VK1, VB7, VF2 and VK2) expressed the lowest severity indices and the incidence of bacteriosis on the leaves (respectively 15.21 ± 8.87% ; 12.21 ± 6.54%) and fruits (respectively 13.11 ± 4.75%; 10.40 ± 2.93%). These orchards featured mango trees with medium trunk circumferences (99.14 ± 17.24 cm), medium trunk heights (145.29 ± 7.24 cm) and smallest spans (6.85 ± 1, 13 m for the NS span and 6.79 ± 1.18 m for the EO span) and total leaf area (15.61 ± 0.06 cm). These results could help develop an agroecological control strategy for the sustainable management of bacterial disease

Evaluation of the Behavior of Cashew Genotypes with Regard to Bacterial Disease in Agroforestry Farms in Northern Côte d'Ivoire

Notwithstanding the inflows of currency for the populations who practice it, the cultivation of the cashew tree contributes to strengthening the forestry agrosystem in Côte d'Ivoire. However, this culture, with multiple interests, is confronted with attacks from parasites including bacterial disease. Bacterial disease causes extensive damage to vegetative organs as well as fruits and causes yield losses. The objective of this study is to assess the behavior of cashew genotypes in relation to the severity and incidence of bacterial disease in the context of agroforestry production in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, 1.200 branches were observed to assess the tolerance or sensitivity of 30 cashew trees in agroforestry orchards of cashew trees in the localities of Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali. These cashew genotypes were selected and geolocated. The factor studied is the cashew genotype, composed of 30 cashew genotypes, with 6 modalities which are the severity index of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts, the incidence of bacterial disease. bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts. The data collected that are the index of severity of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts, the incidence of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts have made the subject to descriptive analysis and PCA. The ascending hierarchical classification (HAC) and multivariate analysis completed the data analysis. The results obtained revealed three groups of cashew trees. Those of group 3 made up of twelve (12) genotypes, namely SYDN, SDYY, SDYN and KBSD coming from the localities of Sinématiali and Korhogo, differ from the others by a weak infection of the nuts (8.67 ± 2.74). The genotypes in this group are more resilient and their development in an agroforestry system could help promote  agroecological management of bacterial disease, improve and intensify agroforestry practices in C. d'Ivoire

Agromorphological Determinants Favoring the Spread of Anthracnose Disease in Cashew Agroforestry Farms in Côte d'Ivoire

Cashew cultivation faces several health problems. Among these problems, anthracnose causes extensive damage to twigs, leaves and fruits and causes loss of yield. The spread of this disease is thought to be determined by certain agromorphological features of the cashew tree. The objective of this study was to search for these agro-morphological determinants that influence the spread of anthracnose disease in agroforestry systems in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, 30 cashew trees spread across 26 agroforestry cashew orchards in the Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali departments were chosen and geolocated. The factor studied was the clone, consisting of 30 cashew genotypes, with 15 modalities. The collected data was subjected to descriptive analysis, correlation test, PCA and hierarchical ascending classification (CAH). The results showed that the wingspan, leaf area and size of cashew trees are determinants that promote the spread of anthracnose disease. Following this result, the CAH made it possible to screen the genotypes into three groups. These results could contribute to management of anthracnose disease in agroforestry, to enhance and intensify this cropping systems