The Sublime Uniting Romanticism and Feminism in Jane Austen

Although scholars recently expanded Romanticism to include those beyond the six major poets, a consideration of a Romantic Austen remains limited. A few scholars explore the impact of the Romantic poets on Austen, but I determine to identify Austen within Romanticism. I particularly explore how Austen handles the sublime within her six completed novels and the unfinished Sanditon. Austen\u27s efforts to establish women novelists as a worthy part of the literary tradition unite in her mobile treatment of the sublime. Austen\u27s exploration and transformation of the sublime mirror her broader exploration and transformation of the literary tradition of her time

Who is talking to the ventilated and sedated patient?

The Society of Critical Care Medicine estimates that 5.7 million people are annually admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU); 20-30% require mechanical ventilation and some level of sedation. The literature strongly supports that sedated patients benefit emotionally and physiologically from verbal communication. Although nurses provide 92% of bedside patient care in the ICU and report that verbal communication with the patient is important, research suggests nurses struggle to communicate with ventilated, sedated patients.  I conducted a literature review to explore the potential gap between nurses’ perceptions and practice regarding the phenomenon of speaking to sedated patients in the ICU.  Baker and Meley (1996) found that 4 out of 5 critical care nurses considered verbal communication with sedated patients ‘very important’. However, observation of these nurses’ patient care over 4 hour periods revealed that verbal communication only accounted for 5% of that time.  Elliot and Wright (1999) found that a majority of verbal communication consisted of explaining procedural tasks and interventions.  Later findings of Alshraideh and Ahmad (2004) show that the lack of consistent verbal communication continues among nurses.  Mona and Sahar’s (2015) quasi-experimental study demonstrated a correlation between using a structured communication message and a decrease in length of mechanical ventilation as well as the length of stay in the ICU.  The literature supports a persistent gap between nurses' beliefs about the need for communication with the sedated patient and nurses’ demonstrated clinical practice. Further investigation into the identified barriers and facilitators of talking to sedated patients is warranted

The effect of event repetition on the production of story-grammar in children’s event narratives

Objective: This study examined the effect of event repetition on the amount and nature of story grammar produced by children when recalling the event. Method: Children aged 4 years (N = 50) and 7 years (N = 56) participated in either one or six occurrences of a highly similar event where details varied across the occurrences. Half the children in each age and event group recalled the last/single occurrence 5-6 days later and the other half recalling the last/single occurrence after 5-6 weeks (the final and single occurrence was the same). Children’s free recall responses were classified according to the number and proportion of story grammar elements (Stein & Glenn, 1979 - setting, initiating event, internal response, plan, attempt, direct consequence and resolution) as well as the prevalence of causal links between the individual story-grammar elements. Results: More story grammar detail and more links between individual story grammar elements were reported about the final compared to single occurrence. The amount of story grammar increased with age and decreased over time. Further, an interaction was revealed such that the effect of retention interval on the production of story grammar was negligible for older children who experienced the repeated event. Conclusions: Event repetition has a beneficial effect on the production of children’s story grammar content in situations where event details varied from occasion to occasion. Practical Implications: This study highlights the importance of eliciting free recall when conducting evidential interviews with child witnesses about repeated events

Enhancing narrative coherence in simulated interviews about child abuse

Purpose &ndash; Simulated child interviews, where adults play the role of a child witness for trainee investigative interviewers, are an essential tool used to train investigators to adhere to non-leading, open-ended questions. The aim of this study is to examine whether the use of a training procedure that guides persons playing the role of a child in simulated interviews results in interviewees producing more coherent narratives (measured by the number of story grammar details).Design/methodology/approach &ndash; A total of 80 police officers individually engaged in ten-minute interviews, whereby an untrained (colleague), or trained respondent, played the role of the child interviewee. For each child respondent condition, the interviews varied according to child age (five or eight years).Findings &ndash; As predicted, trained respondents reported a higher proportion of story grammar elements and a lower proportion of contextual information than the untrained respondents, as well as more story grammar elements in response to open-ended questions. However, there were limitations in how well both groups tailored their story grammar to the age of the child they were representing.Originality/value &ndash; These findings demonstrate that our training procedure promotes a more coherent interviewee account, and facilitates a response style that is more reinforcing of open-ended questions.<br /

Unintended Consequences of Interview Faking: Impact on Perceived Fit and Affective Outcomes

Drawing on signalling theory, we propose that use of deceptive impression management (IM) in the employment interview could produce false signals, and individuals hired based on such signals may incur consequences once they are on the job—such as poor perceived fit. We surveyed job applicants who recently interviewed and received a job to investigate the relationship between use of deceptive IM in the interview and subsequent perceived personjob and person-organization fit, stress, well-being, and employee engagement. In a twophase study, 206 job applicants self-reported their use of deceptive IM in their interviews at Time 1, and their perceived person–job and person–organization fit, job stress, affective well-being, and employee engagement at Time 2. Deceptive IM had a negative relationship with perceived person–job and person–organization fit. As well, perceived fit accounted for the relationship between deceptive IM and well-being, employee engagement, and job stress. The findings indicate that using deceptive IM in the interview may come at a cost to employees

Quality determination and the repair of poor quality spots in array experiments.

BACKGROUND: A common feature of microarray experiments is the occurrence of missing gene expression data. These missing values occur for a variety of reasons, in particular, because of the filtering of poor quality spots and the removal of undefined values when a logarithmic transformation is applied to negative background-corrected intensities. The efficiency and power of an analysis performed can be substantially reduced by having an incomplete matrix of gene intensities. Additionally, most statistical methods require a complete intensity matrix. Furthermore, biases may be introduced into analyses through missing information on some genes. Thus methods for appropriately replacing (imputing) missing data and/or weighting poor quality spots are required. RESULTS: We present a likelihood-based method for imputing missing data or weighting poor quality spots that requires a number of biological or technical replicates. This likelihood-based approach assumes that the data for a given spot arising from each channel of a two-dye (two-channel) cDNA microarray comparison experiment independently come from a three-component mixture distribution--the parameters of which are estimated through use of a constrained E-M algorithm. Posterior probabilities of belonging to each component of the mixture distributions are calculated and used to decide whether imputation is required. These posterior probabilities may also be used to construct quality weights that can down-weight poor quality spots in any analysis performed afterwards. The approach is illustrated using data obtained from an experiment to observe gene expression changes with 24 hr paclitaxel (Taxol) treatment on a human cervical cancer derived cell line (HeLa). CONCLUSION: As the quality of microarray experiments affect downstream processes, it is important to have a reliable and automatic method of identifying poor quality spots and arrays. We propose a method of identifying poor quality spots, and suggest a method of repairing the arrays by either imputation or assigning quality weights to the spots. This repaired data set would be less biased and can be analysed using any of the appropriate statistical methods found in the microarray literature.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are

Northeast Ocean Planning Baseline Assessment: Marine Resources, Infrastructure, and Economics

This document summarizes the status of coastal and marine resources in the Northeast region of the United States, and how these resources generate economic and ecological value. The Northeast region, for ocean planning purposes, includes the coastal counties of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, and the New York counties (bordering Long Island Sound) of Queens, Bronx, Suffolk, Nassau, and Westchester. The coastal and marine natural resources and coastal infrastructure of the Northeast, and the economic activities and cultural/recreational services that rely them, directly and indirectly support more than 500,000 jobs and $40 billion in economic value (GDP) per year (2013 data) in the region. This represents about 2% of the region’s overall economy. In addition, US Navy and Coast Guard activities in the region support more than 10,000 jobs and account for billions of dollars per year in federal expenditures in the region. The region’s coastal and ocean resources also generate significant ecosystem service value in the region and beyond, though these values are not well quantified. Coastal and marine recreation and tourism account for about half of the region’s ocean economy GDP and for more than 70% of ocean economy employment. The maritime transportation sector account for 16% of ocean economy employment and 29% of ocean economy GDP in the region; ship and boat building accounts for 11% of employment and 13% of GDP; and commercial fisheries and seafood processing account for 6% of employment and 8% of GDP. Information about the spatial distribution and status of coastal and marine resources and the economic activities that make use of them inform and support the Northeast ocean planning process

"What's Love Got to Do with It?"

Dr. Frankie Powell and Dr. E. Brooke Kelly presented on the topic of Marriage as a Social Institution.Their presentation de-constructed the commonly held definition of marriage and discussed the implications for young adults. This presentation looks at the legal, economic, emotional, sexual, and political aspects relating to the institution of marriage

National trends in utilization, mortality, and survival after repair of type B aortic dissection in the Medicare population

ObjectiveThe application of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has changed treatment paradigms for thoracic aortic disease. We sought to better define specific treatment patterns and outcomes for type B aortic dissection treated with TEVAR or open surgical repair (OSR).MethodsMedicare patients undergoing type B thoracic aortic dissection repair (2000-2010) were identified by use of a validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnostic and procedural code–based algorithm. Trends in utilization were analyzed by procedure type (OSR vs TEVAR), and patterns in patient characteristics and outcomes were examined.ResultsTotal thoracic aortic dissection repairs increased by 21% between 2000 and 2010 (2.5 to 3 per 100,000 Medicare patients; P = .001). A concomitant increase in TEVAR was seen during the same interval (0.03 to 0.8 per 100,000; P < .001). By 2010, TEVAR represented 27% of all repairs. TEVAR patients had higher rates of comorbid congestive heart failure (12% vs 9%; P < .001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17% vs 10%; P < .001), diabetes (8% vs 5%; P < .001), and chronic renal failure (8% vs 3%; P < .001) compared with OSR patients. For all repairs, patient comorbidity burden increased over time (mean Charlson comorbidity score of 0.79 in 2000, 1.10 in 2010; P = .04). During this same interval, in-hospital mortality rates declined from 47% to 23% (P < .001), a trend seen in both TEVAR and OSR patients. Whereas in-hospital mortality rates and 3-year survival were similar between patients selected for TEVAR and OSR, there was a trend toward women having slightly lower 3-year survival after TEVAR (60% women vs 63% men; P = .07).ConclusionsSurgical treatment of type B aortic dissection has increased over time, reflecting an increase in the utilization of TEVAR. Overall, type B dissection repairs are currently performed at lower mortality risk in patients with more comorbidities

Antiandrogens Act as Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators at the Proteome Level in Prostate Cancer Cells*

Current therapies for prostate cancer include antiandrogens, inhibitory ligands of the androgen receptor, which repress androgen-stimulated growth. These include the selective androgen receptor modulators cyproterone acetate and hydroxyflutamide and the complete antagonist bicalutamide. Their activity is partly dictated by the presence of androgen receptor mutations, which are commonly detected in patients who relapse while receiving antiandrogens, i.e. in castrate-resistant prostate cancer. To characterize the early proteomic response to these antiandrogens we used the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line, which harbors the androgen receptor mutation most commonly detected in castrate-resistant tumors (T877A), analyzing alterations in the proteome, and comparing these to the effect of these therapeutics upon androgen receptor activity and cell proliferation. The majority are regulated post-transcriptionally, possibly via nongenomic androgen receptor signaling. Differences detected between the exposure groups demonstrate subtle changes in the biological response to each specific ligand, suggesting a spectrum of agonistic and antagonistic effects dependent on the ligand used. Analysis of the crystal structures of the AR in the presence of cyproterone acetate, hydroxyflutamide, and DHT identified important differences in the orientation of key residues located in the AF-2 and BF-3 protein interaction surfaces. This further implies that although there is commonality in the growth responses between androgens and those antiandrogens that stimulate growth in the presence of a mutation, there may also be influential differences in the growth pathways stimulated by the different ligands. This therefore has implications for prostate cancer treatment because tumors may respond differently dependent upon which mutation is present and which ligand is activating growth, also for the design of selective androgen receptor modulators, which aim to elicit differential proteomic responses dependent upon cellular context